New York's Village Halloween Parade

Last updated
Village Halloween Parade
Greenwich Village Halloween Parade (6451249051).jpg
Paraders perform zombie dance from Michael Jackson's Thriller video in 2011
NYC Halloween Parade - Tallrodpuppet.jpg
Tall rod puppets, a signature of the parade
NYC Halloween Parade - Twopaperfaces.jpg
Papier-mâché masks reflect the evening's atmosphere
NYC Halloween Parade - Bantha.jpg
A Tusken Raider rides a mammoth-sized Bantha puppet designed by Oliver Dalzell

The Village Halloween Parade is an annual holiday parade held on the night of Halloween, in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of New York City. The parade, initiated on October 31, 1974 by Greenwich Village puppeteer and mask maker Ralph Lee, is the world's largest Halloween parade and the only major nighttime parade in the United States. [1] The parade reports itself to have 50,000 "costumed participants" [2] and 2 million spectators. [3] The parade has its roots in New York's queer community. [4]

Contents

The Village Halloween Parade has been called "New York's Carnival." The parade is largely a spontaneous event as individual marchers can just show up in costume at the starting point without registering or paying anything. [5] [6] The parade's signature features include its large puppets, which are animated by hundreds of volunteers. The official parade theme each year is applied to the puppets. [7] In addition to the puppets, more than 50 marching bands participate each year. In addition, there are some commercial Halloween parade floats.

The official route, on Sixth Avenue from Spring Street to 16th Street in Manhattan, is 1.4 miles long (the distance from the gathering spot on Sixth Avenue from Canal Street to Spring Street adds another 0.2 miles). The parade usually starts at 7 PM and lasts for about two to three hours. [8]

Historical timeline

In 1973, an informal parade of puppets for children was organized by Ralph Lee of the Mettawee River Theatre Company around his residence of artists in the Westbeth Artists Community. The next year, the parade went from Jane Street at the Hudson River to Washington Square Park. About 200 adults and children participated. [9] [10] The 1975 parade was produced by the Theatre for the New City [11] (which at the time was in Westbeth). Lee and the Theatre won Obie Award for the production. The 1975 parade grew to 1,500 participants. The new management introduced more adult elements into the event including a Halloween ball after the parade. [12] [13] [14] Organization of the parade was formally handled by a non-profit organization starting in 1976. [12]

In 1977, the route was changed to 10th Street between Greenwich Avenue to Fifth Avenue and still ending in Washington Square. A devil sat at the top of the Washington Square arch where it released balloons and slid down a wire into the fountain. The year also saw the first appearance of giant spider on the Jefferson Market Library. [12] The parade continued to start at Westbeth until 1983. Two years later, with crowds expanding to 250,000, the route was moved from side streets to Sixth Avenue from Spring Street to 22nd Street (although in practice the gathering point was further south at Canal Street and the northern point would be shortened to 16th Street. [5] The change in route ended the connection to Washington Square Park. Jeanne Fleming became the Artistic and Producing Director. [12]

In 1990, New York University and Manhattan Community Board 2 begin hosting an unrelated Children's Halloween Parade in Greenwich Village in the afternoons in Washington Square. [15] Sophia Michahelles and Alex Kahn become the official designers of the parade's puppets in 1998, [16] and the following year, Basil Twist designed the spider that currently appears on the Jefferson Market Library. [17]

Less than seven weeks after the September 11 attacks in 2001, the parade was broadcast worldwide and was an indication that New York was bouncing back. [18] The parade was led by a giant puppet of a Phoenix rising out of the ashes. Noticeably missing from the parade was Bread and Puppet Theater which had been a political staple of the parade but was protesting the new War in Afghanistan. [19] Earlier the Bread and Puppet contingent consisted of five blocks of its giant puppets. [20] Similarly, less than 8 weeks after Hurricane Katrina in 2005, more than 8,000 storm evacuees attended a funeral procession tribute as part of the parade.[ citation needed ] In 2010, Haitian Carnival Artist Didier Civil created Haitian carnival figures as a tribute to victims of the 2010 Haiti earthquake. [18]

The parade was cancelled for the first time in the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy in 2012, which had heavily damaged coastal New York City and had left Greenwich Village without electricity during the parade time. [18] The next year, a Kickstarter campaign to cover costs of the 2012 closing saved the parade from permanently closing. [18] The campaign raised $56,000, surpassing its goal of $50,000. [21]

Less than four hours after eight people were killed six blocks west of the parade route in the 2017 New York City truck attack, the parade proceeded as scheduled. Both Mayor Bill de Blasio and Gov. Andrew Cuomo marched in the parade. [22]

In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City, the parade was canceled for the first time in eight years. The parade's organizers cited concerns that social distancing would be impossible with the high crowds that the parade typically saw. [23] [24]

Theme

In 2001, the parade presented a work of puppetry that would become celebrated for its artistry, and remembered in the city's history. After the September 11, 2001 attacks, events citywide and nationwide were being either scrapped or postponed. Organizers believed the parade would give the city a much-needed emotional release, reform the community, and help it to begin the healing process. They felt that this was the most positive way they, as artists, could serve the city at such a desperate time. "This is the meaning of the Dancing Skeletons that always lead the march: they know better than anyone what they have lost, and so they dance this one night of the year to celebrate life," Fleming told CNN in an interview.

By September 15, Fleming had scrapped the old theme and chosen a new one. Although no one was certain the parade would take place, designer Sophia Michahelles conceived of a new theme, Phoenix Rising, to galvanize the spirit of New York in the wake of the tragedy. A giant puppet of a phoenix, the mythical bird that rises up out of its own ashes, was created by Michahelles in the workshop of Official Parade Puppeteers Superior Concept Monsters. The animated creation was mechanically configured to spread its wings and rise out of fiery ashes, represented by flickering lanterns lifted on poles, encircling the parading figure. On October 25 the parade received final authorization to go ahead. In light of the widely established community relationships which Fleming had cultivated, and the parade's long tradition, Mayor Rudy Giuliani insisted it go on.

Cultural impact

The parade has been studied by leading cultural anthropologists. According to The New York Times , "the Halloween Parade is the best entertainment the people of this City ever give the people of this City." "Absolutely anything goes," says USA Today . "Be prepared to drop your jaw."[ citation needed ]

The parade is also themed in the video game Tycoon City: New York , published in 2006. [25]

Fixingdino2.jpg
Finishing touches are made to a giant dinosaur puppet in the staging area on parade day

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Greenwich Village</span> Neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City

Greenwich Village, or simply The Village, is a neighborhood on the west side of Lower Manhattan in New York City, bounded by 14th Street to the north, Broadway to the east, Houston Street to the south, and the Hudson River to the west. Greenwich Village also contains several subsections, including the West Village west of Seventh Avenue and the Meatpacking District in the northwest corner of Greenwich Village.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manhattan</span> Borough in New York City coextensive with county in the State of New York

Manhattan is the most densely populated and geographically smallest of the five boroughs of New York City. The borough is coextensive with New York County of the U.S. state of New York, the smallest county by land area in the contiguous United States. Located mostly on Manhattan Island near the southern tip of the State of New York, Manhattan constitutes the geographical and demographic center of the Northeast megalopolis and the urban core of the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the world by urban landmass. Manhattan serves as New York City's economic and administrative center and has been described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world.

<i>Avenue Q</i> Musical comedy by Robert Lopez, Jeff Marx, and Jeff Whitty

Avenue Q is a musical comedy featuring puppets and human actors with music and lyrics by Robert Lopez and Jeff Marx and book by Jeff Whitty. It won Best Musical, Book, and Score at the 2004 Tony Awards. The show's format is a parody of PBS's Sesame Street, but its content involves adult-oriented themes. It has been praised for its approach to themes of racism, homosexuality and internet pornography.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sixth Avenue</span> North/south avenue in Manhattan, New York City, also known as Avenue of the Americas

Sixth Avenue – also known as Avenue of the Americas, although this name is seldom used by New Yorkers – is a major thoroughfare in New York City's borough of Manhattan, on which traffic runs northbound, or "uptown". It is commercial for much of its length.

John Nicholas Tartaglia is an American actor, singer, and puppeteer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jeanne Fleming</span>

Jeanne Fleming is an American Celebration Artist from New York City, who organized the Harbor Festival Fair in 1986, the Official Land Celebration for the Centennial of the Statue of Liberty and who is currently director of New York's Village Halloween Parade.

Ralph Lee was an American puppeteer and theatre artist. His work was centered on the design and use of masks in theatre and performance. The majority of his productions took place outside of traditional performance venues, included parades, pageants, celebrations, and outdoor theatrical performances. Masks and large puppets were central to his productions, which aimed to make artistic experiences accessible to all members of the community. He staged his productions in familiar, public locations, charging no admission fee whenever possible and creating vivid images that could immediately resonate with the audience.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sophia Michahelles</span>

Sophia Michahelles is one of the two chief artists and puppeteers of Processional Arts Workshop, makers of pageant puppets and other processional art in upstate New York. She works closely with co-director Alex Kahn. The couple's work, under the informal moniker "Superior Concept Monsters" has been commissioned each year since 1998 to lead New York's Village Halloween Parade, the largest puppet parade and street-pageant of its kind in the United States, drawing two million spectators.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">West Village</span> Neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City

The West Village is a neighborhood in the western section of the larger Greenwich Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan, New York City. The West Village is bounded by the Hudson River to the west and 14th Street to the north. The eastern boundary is variously cited as Greenwich Avenue, Seventh Avenue, or Sixth Avenue, while the southern boundary is either Houston Street or Christopher Street.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NYC Pride March</span> Event celebrating the LGBTQ community

The NYC Pride March is an annual event celebrating the LGBTQ community in New York City. The largest pride parade in North America and among the largest pride events in the world, the NYC Pride March attracts tens of thousands of participants and millions of sidewalk spectators each June. The parade route through Lower Manhattan traverses south on Fifth Avenue, through Greenwich Village, passing the Stonewall National Monument, site of the June 1969 riots that launched the modern movement for LGBTQ+ rights.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">M11 (New York City bus)</span> Bus route in Manhattan, New York

The Ninth and Tenth Avenues Line or Ninth Avenue Line is a surface transit line in the New York City borough of Manhattan, running mostly along Ninth Avenue and Amsterdam Avenue from Lower Manhattan to Manhattanville. Originally a streetcar line operated by the Manhattan and Bronx Surface Transit Operating Authority, it is now the M11 bus route operated by the New York City Transit Authority.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cooper Square</span> Square in Manhattan, New York

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Theater for the New City</span>

Alex Kahn is an American visual/performance artist and co-founder of the arts ensemble Processional Arts Workshop. He is most widely known for his creation of the large-scale puppet performance works that lead New York's Village Halloween Parade each year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation</span> Organization in New York City

Village Preservation is a non-profit organization which advocates for the preservation of architecture and culture in several neighborhoods of Lower Manhattan, New York. Since it began in 1980, it has engaged in efforts to attain landmark status for a variety of sites like the Stonewall Inn and Webster Hall. The organization and its Executive Director, Andrew Berman, have been described as influential in New York real estate, while some of its activities to prevent development and to support restrictive zoning have attracted criticism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Processional Arts Workshop</span>

Processional Arts Workshop (PAW) is an ensemble of performing artists and theatrical technicians founded in 1998, devoted to pageant puppetry and processional art. They are also known by the name Superior Concept Monsters (SCM). They are best known for creating the large-scale puppet performances that lead New York's Village Halloween Parade.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LGBT culture in New York City</span>

New York City has been described as the gay capital of the world and the central node of the LGBTQ+ sociopolitical ecosystem, and is home to one of the world's largest LGBTQ populations and the most prominent. Brian Silverman, the author of Frommer's New York City from $90 a Day, wrote the city has "one of the world's largest, loudest, and most powerful LGBT communities", and "Gay and lesbian culture is as much a part of New York's basic identity as yellow cabs, high-rise buildings, and Broadway theatre". LGBT travel guide Queer in the World states, "The fabulosity of Gay New York is unrivaled on Earth, and queer culture seeps into every corner of its five boroughs". LGBT advocate and entertainer Madonna stated metaphorically, "Anyways, not only is New York City the best place in the world because of the queer people here. Let me tell you something, if you can make it here, then you must be queer."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Father Demo Square</span> Square in Manhattan, New York

Father Demo Square is a 0.25-acre (0.10-hectare) triangular park and piazza bounded by Sixth Avenue, Bleecker Street, and Carmine Street in the South Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan, New York City. The park is named for Father Antonio Demo, who was the pastor of the neighboring Our Lady of Pompeii Church from 1897 to 1935. The church was relocated to Carmine Street in 1926–1928 to accommodate an extension of Sixth Avenue south of Bleecker Street, which created the triangular plot of land. The park, located opposite Carmine Street from the church, was established in 1923 with the Sixth Avenue extension and the land was improved as a park, being named in a tribute to Demo.

Stonewall 50 – WorldPride NYC 2019 was a series of LGBTQ events and celebrations in June 2019, marking the 50th anniversary of the 1969 Stonewall riots. It was also the first time WorldPride was held in the United States. Held primarily in the metropolitan New York City area, the theme for the celebrations and educational events was "Millions of moments of Pride." The celebration was the largest LGBTQ event in history, with an official estimate of five million attending Pride weekend in Manhattan alone, including an estimated four million in attendance at the parade. The twelve-hour parade included 150,000 pre-registered participants among 695 groups.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giant puppet</span> Giant puppets

A giant puppet is a puppet which is tall enough to be easily visible to a street crowd while being manipulated by puppeteers, on the same level. It is therefore most suitable for processions, street theatre and performance art, although some large theatrical animations can be used for the same purpose. Giant puppets are usually articulated and made from a lightweight material. Some are manipulated by puppeteers using rods, strings, stilts, other mechanisms, or a combination of these. Giant puppets have been used worldwide for street entertainment, celebrations or other purposes from ancient times, and they continue in use and in development today. Of the traditional giant rod puppets, the Chinese dragon New Year puppet is "perhaps the most recognized form of the parade puppet". Of the most recent examples, Royal de Luxe of France has produced a notable set of giant string puppets.

References

  1. "Village Halloween Parade".
  2. "Village Halloween Parade". 31 October 2021.
  3. Village Halloween Parade. "History of the Parade". Archived from the original on July 27, 2014. Retrieved July 28, 2014.
  4. Bryan van Gorder (October 22, 2018). "THE QUEER HISTORY (AND PRESENT) OF NYC'S VILLAGE HALLOWEEN PARADE". Logo TV . Retrieved November 10, 2022.
  5. 1 2 "Participate - NYC Village Halloween Parade". 28 June 2016. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
  6. "Costume Contest - NYC Village Halloween Parade". 22 March 2017. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
  7. "Artistry - NYC Village Halloween Parade" . Retrieved 6 November 2017.
  8. "Village Halloween Parade in NYC guide".
  9. Laneri, Raquel (29 October 2016). "The founder of NYC's Halloween Parade fears he created a beast". New York Post. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
  10. "What Happened to the Halloween Parade?". www.nytheatre-wire.com. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
  11. "Theater for the New City - Production History, 1970 - 1979". www.theaterforthenewcity.net. Archived from the original on 21 November 2017. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
  12. 1 2 3 4 Schulz, Dana (12 October 2022). "A history of the Village Halloween Parade: Puppets, performers, and NYC pride - 6sqft". 6sqft. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
  13. Skal, David J. (20 June 2016). Halloween: The History of America's Darkest Holiday. Courier Dover Publications. ISBN   9780486805214 . Retrieved 6 November 2017 via Google Books.
  14. Franks, Don (22 September 2004). Entertainment Awards: A Music, Cinema, Theatre and Broadcasting Guide, 1928 through 2003, 3d ed. McFarland. ISBN   9781476608068 . Retrieved 6 November 2017 via Google Books.
  15. "27th Annual Children's Halloween Parade in Greenwich Village, Oct. 31, 2017".
  16. "Processional Arts Workshop: People". www.superiorconcept.org. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
  17. "Halloween".
  18. 1 2 3 4 "About Us - NYC Village Halloween Parade". 28 June 2016. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
  19. Kalish, Jon (30 June 2013). "50 Years Of Bread And Puppet Theater" . Retrieved 6 November 2017.
  20. Bell, John (30 April 2016). American Puppet Modernism: Essays on the Material World in Performance. Springer. ISBN   9780230613768 . Retrieved 6 November 2017 via Google Books.
  21. "Bring Halloween Back to NYC!".
  22. Boone, Ruschell (1 November 2017). "Village Halloween Parade marches with message after terror attack". www.ny1.com. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
  23. Italiano, Laura (2020-09-09). "NYC's Greenwich Village Halloween Parade is canceled due to COVID-19 concerns". New York Post. Retrieved 2020-09-15.
  24. Caturano, Shannon (9 September 2020). "Greenwich Village Halloween Parade Canceled Due to Coronavirus". www.ny1.com. Retrieved 2020-09-15.
  25. Tycoon City: New York at gamefaqs.gamespot.com

Other sources