Moschion,, a physician quoted by Soranus, Andromachus, and Asclepiades Pharmacion, and who lived, therefore, in or before the 1st century. He may be the same person who was called the Corrector, because though he was one of the followers of Asclepiades of Bithynia, he ventured to controvert his opinions on some points.
Aëtius of Amida was a Byzantine Greek physician and medical writer, particularly distinguished by the extent of his erudition. Historians are not agreed about his exact date. He is placed by some writers as early as the 4th century; but it is plain from his own work that he did not write till the very end of the 5th or the beginning of the 6th, as he refers not only to Patriarch Cyril of Alexandria, who died 444, but also to Petrus archiater, who could be identified with the physician of Theodoric the Great, whom he defines a contemporary. He is himself quoted by Alexander of Tralles, who lived probably in the middle of the 6th century. He was probably a Christian, which may account perhaps for his being confounded with Aëtius of Antioch, a famous Arian who lived in the time of the Emperor Julian. He is amongst the earliest recorded Greek physicians of the Christian faith.
Agathinus (Αγαθινος) was an eminent ancient Greek physician, the founder of a new medical sect, to which he gave the name of Episynthetici.
Antipater was a Greek physician and author of a work titled On the Soul, of which the second book is quoted by the Scholiast on Homer, in which he said that the soul increased, diminished, and at last perished with the body; and which may very possibly be the work quoted by Diogenes Laërtius, and commonly attributed to Antipater of Tarsus.
Adamantius was an ancient physician, bearing the title of Iatrosophista. Little is known of his personal history, except that he was Jewish by birth, and that he was one of those who fled from Alexandria at the time of the expulsion of the Jews from that city by the Patriarch Cyril of Alexandria in 415. He went to Constantinople, was persuaded to embrace Christianity, apparently by Archbishop Atticus of Constantinople, and then returned to Alexandria.
Aelius Promotus was an ancient physician of Alexandria, of whose personal history no particulars are known, and whose date is uncertain. He is supposed by Villoison to have lived after the time of Pompey the Great, that is, in the 1st century BC. By others he is considered to be much more ancient; yet other scholars place him as late as the second half of the 1st century AD. He is most probably the same person who is quoted by Galen simply by the name of Aelius. He wrote several Greek medical works, which are still to be found in manuscript in different libraries in Europe. The treatise On venomous beasts and poisonous drugs, attributed to Aelius, was last published in 1995. His main work titled Δυναμερόν, was first published in its complete extension in 2002 by Daria Crismani. Two other of his works are quoted or mentioned by Hieronymus Mercurialis. And also by Schneider in his prefaces to Nicander's Theriaca, and Alexipharmaca.
Alexander Philalethes was an ancient Greek physician, whom Priscian called Alexander Amator Veri, and who was probably the same person quoted by Caelius Aurelianus under the name of Alexander Laodicensis. He lived probably towards the end of the 1st century BC, as Strabo speaks of him as a contemporary. He was a pupil of Asclepiades, succeeded an otherwise unknown Zeuxis as head of a celebrated Herophilean school of medicine, established in Phrygia between Laodicea and Carura, and was tutor to Aristoxenus and Demosthenes Philalethes. He is several times mentioned by Galen and also by Soranus, and appears to have written some medical works, which are no longer extant. The view, once current, that Alexander's Areskonta served as a doxographical basis for such authors as Anonymus Londinensis, Aetius the doxographer, Soranus of Ephesus, and Anonymus Bruxellensis is an inference on the basis of flimsy evidence.
Demosthenes Philalethes was an ancient Greek physician of Asia Minor who was one of the pupils of Alexander Philalethes, a contemporary of Aristoxenus, and a follower of the teachings of Herophilos. He succeeded Alexander as the head of the Herophilean school of medicine in Carura. He probably lived around the beginning of the 1st century, and was especially celebrated for his skill as an oculist. He was the author of the most influential ophthalmological work of antiquity, the Ophthalmicus, on diseases of the eye, which appears to have been still extant in the Middle Ages, but of which nothing now remains, although some extracts are preserved by Aëtius Amidenus, Paul of Aegina, Rufus of Ephesus, and other later writers. He also wrote a work on the pulse, which is quoted by Galen. Demosthenes was the last known Herophilean in Asia Minor.
Serapion of Alexandria was a physician who lived in the 3rd century BC. He belonged to the Empiric school, and so much extended and improved the system of Philinus of Cos, that the creation of the school is attributed to him by some ancient writers. Serapion wrote against Hippocrates with much vehemence, but neither this, nor any of his other works, have survived. He is several times mentioned by Celsus, Galen, Caelius Aurelianus, Aëtius, Paulus Aegineta, and Nicolaus Myrepsus.
Leonidas,, a Greek physician who was a native of Alexandria, and belonged to the sect of the Episynthetici. As he is quoted by Caelius Aurelianus, and himself quotes Galen, he probably lived in the 2nd and 3rd centuries. Of his writings, which appear to have been chiefly related to surgical subjects, nothing now remains but some fragments preserved by Aëtius and Paul of Aegina, from which we may judge that he was a skillful practictioner.
Philotimus was an eminent Greek physician, a pupil of Praxagoras, and a fellow pupil of Herophilus. He was also a contemporary of Erasistratus, and is quoted by Heraclides of Tarentum, and therefore must have lived in the 4th and 3rd centuries BC. Celsus mentions him as one of the eminent physicians of antiquity; and he is quoted by several of the ancient medical writers, viz. Caelius Aurelianus, Oribasius, Aëtius, and very frequently by Galen.
Xenocrates a Greek physician of Aphrodisias in Cilicia, who must have lived about the middle of the 1st century, as he was probably a contemporary of Andromachus the Younger. Galen says that he lived in the second generation before himself. He wrote some pharmaceutical works, and is blamed by Galen for making use of disgusting remedies, for instance, human brains, flesh, liver, urine, excrement, etc. One of his works was entitled On Useful Things from Living Beings. He is several times quoted by Galen, and also by Clement of Alexandria; Artemidorus; Pliny; Oribasius; Aëtius; and Alexander of Tralles. Besides some short fragments of his writings there is extant a synopsis of a work on marine creatures, preserved by Oribasius.
Palladius a Greek medical writer, some of whose works are still extant. Nothing is known of the events of his life, but, as he is commonly called Iatrosophistes, he is supposed to have gained that title by having been a professor of medicine at Alexandria. His date is uncertain; he may lived in the 6th or 7th centuries. All that can be pronounced with certainty is that he quotes Galen, and is himself quoted by Rhazes. Three of his works are extant:
Philoxenus or Claudius Philoxenus, a Greco-Egyptian surgeon, who, according to Celsus, wrote several valuable volumes on surgery. He is no doubt the same person whose medical formulae are frequently quoted by Galen, and who is called by him Claudius Philoxenus. As he is quoted by Asclepiades Pharmacion, he must have lived in or before the 1st century. He is quoted also by Soranus, Paul of Aegina, Aëtius, and Nicolaus Myrepsus, and also by Avicenna.
Zopyrus was a surgeon at Alexandria, and the tutor of Apollonius of Citium and Posidonius. He invented an antidote, which he recommended to Mithridates VI of Pontus, and wrote a letter to that king, begging to be allowed to test its efficacy on a criminal. Another somewhat similar composition he prepared for one of the Ptolemies. Some of his medical formulae are quoted and mentioned by various ancient authors, viz. Caelius Aurelianus, Oribasius, Aetius, Paul of Aegina, Marcellus Empiricus, and Nicolaus Myrepsus. Pliny and Dioscorides mention that a certain plant was called zopyron, perhaps after his name. Nicarchus satirizes a physician named Zopyrus in one of his epigrams. Not to be confused with Zopyron.
Criton of Heraclea was a 2nd-century Greek chief physician and procurator of Roman Emperor Trajan (98–117) in the campaign in Dacia.
Andreas was the name of several physicians in ancient Greece, whom it is difficult to distinguish from each other.
Antiochus was a physician of ancient Greece who appears to have lived at Rome in the 2nd century AD. The ancient physician Galen gives a precise account of the food he used to eat and the way in which he lived; and tells us that, by paying attention to his diet, he was able to dispense with the use of medicines, and when upwards of eighty years old used to visit his patients on foot. Byzantine Greek medical writer Aëtius of Amida and Paulus Aegineta quote a prescription which may perhaps belong to this physician, but he is probably not the person mentioned by Galen under the name "Antiochus Philometor".
Antonius was a physician of ancient Greece. He was mentioned by the medical writer Galen, and referred to as "the herbalist". He must have lived in or before the first century.
Apollonides was the name of a number of physicians of ancient Greece:
