Gu Yanwu (1613–1682) was a Chinese historian, philologist, and poet. Born in Qiandun, he pursued advancement in the imperial examination system but failed to achieve the rank of juren . He was a Ming loyalist after the Qing conquest and declined political positions to travel across China. His work, Rizhilu, is an edited collection of his notes on various topics, mainly statecraft and historiography. He was critical of Neo-Confucianism, Buddhism, Daoism, and the political centralization and reliance on law codes. He advocated for historical study centered on primary sources. Rizhilu and his phonology treatise Yinxue wushu were published during his lifetime; his other surviving works were published by Pan Lei after his death. Gu's thought influenced scholars throughout the Qing period, and 19th-century scholars such as He Shaoji venerated him at a Beijing temple constructed in his honor. Revolutionaries such as Liang Qichao praised his work, stressing his empiricism and resistance to Qing rule. ( Full article... )
July 10 : Independence Day in the Bahamas (1973)
| | Pennsylvania is the fifth-most populous U.S. state, stretching west–east from Lake Erie to the Delaware River and north–south from the New York border to the Mason–Dixon line. Founded in 1681 by William Penn as a haven for religious tolerance, it played a central role in the birth of the United States, hosting the Second Continental Congress, the Declaration of Independence, and the Constitutional Convention. The state was also the scene of the pivotal Battle of Gettysburg during the American Civil War. Pennsylvania is known for its diverse geography, industrial heritage, and major cities of Philadelphia and Pittsburgh. This 1876 illustration of the state's coat of arms was part of a series produced by engraver Henry Mitchell. Illustration credit: Henry Mitchell; restored by Godot13 Recently featured: |