Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's 800 metres

Last updated

Contents

Men's 800 metres
at the Games of the XVII Olympiad
Venue Olympic Stadium
DatesAugust 31 (heats and quarterfinals)
September 1 (semifinals)
September 2 (final)
Competitors51 from 35 nations
Winning time1:46.48 OR
Medalists
Gold medal icon.svg Peter Snell
Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand
Silver medal icon.svg Roger Moens
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium
Bronze medal icon.svg George Kerr
Flag of the West Indies Federation.svg  British West Indies
  1956
1964  

The men's 800 metres middle distance event at the 1960 Olympic Games took place between August 31 and September 2. [1] Fifty-one athletes from 35 nations competed. [2] The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress.

All three nations earning medals in 1960 were new to the podium in the event. The event was won by Peter Snell of New Zealand, the nation's first medal in the men's 800 metres. Snell would defend his title in 1964. Roger Moens took silver, earning Belgium's first medal. George Kerr took bronze for the British West Indies, one of only two medals that nation earned in its brief Olympic history (the 4 × 400 metres relay bronze a few days later would be the other). After four straight gold medals from 1936 to 1956, the United States failed to even make the final.

Summary

Only six men were seeded into the final. From the gun Christian Wägli led the pack of five runners off the turn, with only Manfred Matuschewski already beaten. Falling in the back of the pack was Peter Snell from lane 6, the far outside. Wägli held the lead down the final backstretch and through the final turn, with Roger Moens moving in behind him ready to pounce out of a still tight pack. Snell was still at the back, boxed in with George Kerr to his outside. Coming off the turn, Moens pounced, passing Wägli in lane 2 with clear sailing to victory. But Moens' move broke up the pack, it was a free-for-all sprint to the finish. With Wägli struggling on the rail, Snell had a path down lane 1. On the outside Kerr passed Paul Schmidt and was sprinting in lane 3. A surprised Moens looked to his inside to see who the competitor was who was passing him. It was Snell with more power. Moens tried to accelerate again but Snell's strength was too much. Looking at Snell again he leaned for the line but too little too late to catch Snell.

Background

This was the 14th appearance of the event, which is one of 12 athletics events to have been held at every Summer Olympics. None of the finalists from 1956 returned. Roger Moens of Belgium was the favorite; he had set the world record in 1955 but missed the 1956 Games due to injury. George Kerr of Jamaica (then competing as part of the British West Indies) was "expected to be his biggest challenger". [2]

Guyana, Liechtenstein, Morocco, Rhodesia, and Tunisia appeared in the event for the first time; the British West Indies federation competed for the only Games of its existence, though members Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago had each previously had competitors in the 800 metres. Great Britain and the United States each made their 13th appearance, tied for the most among all nations.

Competition format

For the first time, the 800 metres was run over four rounds. The final, which had been 9 men from 1920 to 1952 but was reduced to 8 in 1956, was further reduced to only 6 men in 1960. There were nine first-round heats, each with between 6 and 8 athletes (before withdrawals); the top three runners in each heat advanced to the quarterfinals. There were four quarterfinals, each with 6 or 7 athletes (again, before withdrawals); the top three in each heat advanced to the semifinals. There were two semifinals with 6 athletes each; the top three runners in each semifinal advanced to the six-man final. [2] [3]

Records

These were the standing world and Olympic records (in minutes) prior to the 1948 Summer Olympics.

World recordFlag of Belgium (civil).svg  Roger Moens  (BEL)1:45.7 Oslo, Norway 3 August 1955
Olympic recordUS flag 48 stars.svg  Tom Courtney  (USA)1:47.7 Melbourne, Australia 26 November 1956

Six of the 12 semifinalists came in under the Olympic record time, but George Kerr was the first and fastest in that round, setting the record at 1:47.26. That lasted only until the final, however, as all three medalists beat the time. Peter Snell's gold-winning 1:46.48 stood as the new Olympic record after the event.

Schedule

For the first time since 1920, two rounds (round 1 and the quarterfinals) were held on the same day.

All times are Central European Time (UTC+1)

DateTimeRound
Wednesday, 31 August 196011:00
16:35
Round 1
Quarterfinals
Thursday, 1 September 196016:40Semifinals
Friday, 2 September 196016:45Final

Results

Heats

The fastest three runners in each of the nine heats advanced to the quarterfinal round.

Heat 1

Lambrechts ran in heat 2. Parsch ran in heat 7.

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1 Donal Smith Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand 1:51.86Q
2 Valery Bulyshev Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union 1:51.83Q
3 Zbigniew Makomaski Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg  Poland 1:52.70Q
4 Brian Hewson Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  Great Britain 1:54.73
5 Yair Pantilat Flag of Israel.svg  Israel 1:54.86
6 George Johnson Flag of Liberia.svg  Liberia 1:56.04
Jos Lambrechts Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium DNS
Péter Parsch Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary DNS

Heat 2

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1 Tom Farrell Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  Great Britain 1:49.05Q
2 Jerry Siebert Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1:49.08Q
3 Jos Lambrechts Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 1:49.24Q
4 Pierre-Yvon Lenoir Flag of France.svg  France 1:49.41
5 Jaromír Šlégr Flag of Czechoslovakia.svg  Czechoslovakia 1:50.23
6 Moussa Said Flag of Ethiopia (1897-1936; 1941-1974).svg  Ethiopia 1:50.49

Heat 3

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1 Peter Snell Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand 1:48.22Q
2 Christian Wägli Flag of Switzerland.svg  Switzerland 1:48.88Q
3 Ernie Cunliffe Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1:48.95Q
4 István Rózsavölgyi Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary 1:49.51
Ismael DelgadoFlag of Puerto Rico (1952-1995).svg  Puerto Rico DNS
Abdul Ghafar GhafooriFlag of Afghanistan (1931-1973).svg  Afghanistan DNS

Heat 4

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1 Tony Blue Flag of Australia.svg  Australia 1:50.82Q
2 Ergas Leps Canadian Red Ensign (1957-1965).svg  Canada 1:50.93Q
3 Manfred Matuschewski Flag of the German Olympic Team (1960-1968).svg  United Team of Germany 1:51.17Q
4 Vasily Savinkov Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union 1:51.49
5 Konstantinos Moragiemos Flag of Greece (1828-1978).svg  Greece 1:54.60
6 Ahmed Lazreg Flag of Morocco.svg  Morocco 1:55.91

Heat 5

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1 Abram Kryvosheiev Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union 1:53.49Q
2 Jörg Balke Flag of the German Olympic Team (1960-1968).svg  United Team of Germany 1:53.72Q
3 John Wenk Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  Great Britain 1:54.27Q
4 Norbert Haupert Flag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg 1:54.83
5 Frederick Owusu Flag of the Union of African States (1958-1961).svg  Ghana 1:55.41
6 Egon Oehri Flag of Liechtenstein (1937-1982).svg  Liechtenstein 2:00.49

Heat 6

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1 Roger Moens Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 1:50.73Q
2 Per Knuts Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 1:51.36Q
3 Lajos Kovács Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary 1:51.45Q
4 Stefan Lewandowski Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg  Poland 1:51.75
5 Svavar Markússon Flag of Iceland.svg  Iceland 1:52.88
6 Abdeslem Dargouth Pre-1999 Flag of Tunisia.svg  Tunisia 1:54.87

Heat 7

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1 George Kerr Flag of the West Indies Federation.svg  British West Indies 1:51.11Q
2 Terry Sullivan Flag of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland.svg  Rhodesia 1:51.26Q
3 Péter Parsch Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary 1:51.34Q
4 Borut Ingolič Flag of SFR Yugoslavia.svg  Yugoslavia 1:51.51
5 Pertti Ålander Flag of Finland.svg  Finland 1:52.20
6 Zbigniew Orywał Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg  Poland 1:55.89
A. Nur FarahFlag of Somalia.svg  Somalia DNS

Heat 8

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1 Paul Schmidt Flag of the German Olympic Team (1960-1968).svg  United Team of Germany 1:50.97Q
2 Rudolf Klaban Flag of Austria.svg  Austria 1:50.96Q
3 Ronnie Delany Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland 1:51.19Q
4 Joe Mullins Canadian Red Ensign (1957-1965).svg  Canada 1:51.46
5 Gianfranco Baraldi Flag of Italy.svg  Italy 1:52.15
6 Julio Gómez Flag of Spain (1945-1977).svg  Spain 1:53.90
7Somsakdi TongaramFlag of Thailand.svg  Thailand 1:57.24

Heat 9

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1 Tom Murphy Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1:52.30Q
2 Ralph Gomes Flag of British Guiana (1955-1966).svg  Guyana 1:53.06Q
3 Ekrem Koçak Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey 1:59.12Q
4 Sig Ohlemann Canadian Red Ensign (1957-1965).svg  Canada 2:07.40
Julian BrownFlag of the Bahamas (1953-1964).svg  Bahamas DNS
Wim EsajasFlag of Dutch Guyana.svg  Suriname DNS

Quarterfinals

The fastest three runners in each of the four heats advanced to the semifinal round.

Quarterfinal 1

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1 Tom Murphy Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1:48.12Q
2 Christian Wägli Flag of Switzerland.svg  Switzerland 1:48.15Q
3 Manfred Matuschewski Flag of the German Olympic Team (1960-1968).svg  United Team of Germany 1:48.24Q
4 Donal Smith Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand 1:48.52
5 Terry Sullivan Flag of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland.svg  Rhodesia 1:50.01
Jos Lambrechts Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium DNS
Péter Parsch Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary DNS

Quarterfinal 2

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1 Paul Schmidt Flag of the German Olympic Team (1960-1968).svg  United Team of Germany 1:51.38Q
2 Abram Krivosheyev Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union 1:51.40Q
3 Jerry Siebert Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1:51.53Q
4 Zbigniew Makomaski Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg  Poland 1:51.72
5 Ralph Gomes Flag of British Guiana (1955-1966).svg  Guyana 1:52.47
6 Lajos Kovács Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary 1:52.55
7 Per Knuts Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 1:52.91

Quarterfinal 3

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1 George Kerr Flag of the West Indies Federation.svg  British West Indies 1:49.58Q
2 Ernie Cunliffe Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1:49.83Q
3 Tony Blue Flag of Australia.svg  Australia 1:50.05Q
4 John Wenk Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  Great Britain 1:50.13
5 Valery Bulyshev Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union 1:50.74
6 Ronnie Delany Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland 1:51.42

Quarterfinal 4

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1 Roger Moens Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 1:48.69Q
2 Peter Snell Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand 1:48.84Q
3 Jörg Balke Flag of the German Olympic Team (1960-1968).svg  United Team of Germany 1:48.98Q
4 Rudolf Klaban Flag of Austria.svg  Austria 1:50.32
5 Tom Farrell Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  Great Britain 1:50.84
6 Ergas Leps Canadian Red Ensign (1957-1965).svg  Canada 1:52.13
7 Ekrem Koçak Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey 1:52.66

Semifinals

The fastest three runners in each of the two heats advanced to the final round.

Semifinal 1

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1 George Kerr Flag of the West Indies Federation.svg  British West Indies 1:47.26Q, OR
2 Christian Wägli Flag of Switzerland.svg  Switzerland 1:47.40Q
3 Manfred Matuschewski Flag of the German Olympic Team (1960-1968).svg  United Team of Germany 1:47.54Q
4 Jörg Balke Flag of the German Olympic Team (1960-1968).svg  United Team of Germany 1:47.63
5 Tony Blue Flag of Australia.svg  Australia 1:47.97
6 Tom Murphy Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1:48.29

Semifinal 2

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1 Peter Snell Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand 1:47.34Q
2 Roger Moens Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 1:47.49Q
3 Paul Schmidt Flag of the German Olympic Team (1960-1968).svg  United Team of Germany 1:47.95Q
4 Jerry Siebert Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1:48.20
5 Abram Krivosheyev Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union 1:48.25
6 Ernie Cunliffe Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1:50.92

Final

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
Gold medal icon.svg Peter Snell Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand 1:46.48 OR
Silver medal icon.svg Roger Moens Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 1:46.55
Bronze medal icon.svg George Kerr Flag of the West Indies Federation.svg  British West Indies 1:47.25
4 Paul Schmidt Flag of the German Olympic Team (1960-1968).svg  United Team of Germany 1:47.82
5 Christian Wägli Flag of Switzerland.svg  Switzerland 1:48.19
6 Manfred Matuschewski Flag of the German Olympic Team (1960-1968).svg  United Team of Germany 1:52.21

Related Research Articles

The men's 800 metres at the 2004 Summer Olympics as part of the athletics program was held at the Athens Olympic Stadium from August 25 to 28. Seventy-two athletes from 58 nations competed. The event was won by Yuriy Borzakovskiy of Russia, the first medal for the nation in the event. Wilson Kipketer of Denmark became the 10th man to win a second medal in the 800 metres.

The men's 800 metres was the middle of the seven men's track races in the Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics program in Tokyo. 47 athletes from 32 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The first round was held on 14 October, with the semifinals on 15 October and the final on 16 October. The event was won by Peter Snell of New Zealand, successfully defending his 1960 gold medal, and completing the first half of his 800 metres/1500 metres double. Bill Crothers of Canada took silver, the first 800 metres medal for that nation since 1936 and matching Canada's best-ever result in the event. Wilson Kiprugut's bronze was the first medal by Kenya in any event; Kenya would become a frequent fixture on the men's 800 metres podium.

Athletics at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Mens 200 metres Olympic athletics event

The men's 200 metres sprint event at the 1932 Summer Olympics took place on August 2 and August 3 at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum. There were 25 athletes from 13 nations. The 1930 Olympic Congress in Berlin had reduced the limit from 4 athletes per NOC to 3 athletes. After missing the podium entirely in 1928, the United States swept the medals in the event in 1932. It was the second medal sweep in the event by the United States (1904) as well as the nation's sixth victory in eight Games. Eddie Tolan won gold, with George Simpson winning silver and Ralph Metcalfe winning bronze.

The men's 800 metres event at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne was held on 23, 24, and 26 November 1956. There were a total number of 38 competitors from 24 nations. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by Tom Courtney, the last of a streak of four American victories in the event and the seventh overall United States victory. Derek Johnson's silver put Great Britain back on the podium for the first time since that nation's own four-Games gold streak ended in 1932. Norway received its first men's 800 metres medal with Audun Boysen's bronze.

The men's 100 metres sprint event at the 1956 Olympic Games in Melbourne, Australia, was held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 23 and 24 November. Sixty-five athletes from 31 nations competed; each nation was limited to three athletes. The final was won by American Bobby Morrow, marking the fifth consecutive victory by a different American. Hec Hogan of Australia won that country's first medal in the event since 1900. The competition took place in strong winds, with the final run into a 2.5 m/s (5.6 mph) headwind.

Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Mens 200 metres Olympic athletics event

The men's 200 metres was an event at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam. It was held on 31 July and 1 August 1928 at the Olympic Stadium. There were 59 competitors from 29 nations. Nations had been limited to 4 athletes each since 1920. The event was won by Percy Williams of Canada, the nation's second victory in the event. The win broke a streak of three victories by the United States; with no Americans on the podium, the nation's six-Games medal streak was broken as well. Walter Rangeley of Great Britain took silver, giving Great Britain a four-Games medal streak in the event. Germany earned its first men's 200 metres medal with Helmut Körnig's bronze.

The men's 800 metres event at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California took place between 3 and 6 August. Sixty-nine athletes from 55 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by Joaquim Cruz of Brazil, the nation's first medal in the men's 800 metres. Sebastian Coe of Great Britain repeated his silver-medal performance from 1980, the eighth man to win two medals in the event.

The men's 800 metres at the 2008 Summer Olympics took place from 20–23 August at the Beijing National Stadium. Fifty-eight athletes from 40 nations competed. The qualifying standards were 1:46.00 and 1:47.00. The final on 23 August resulted in a triumph for Kenyan runner Wilfred Bungei in an official time of 1:44.65. It was the first victory in the event for Kenya since 1992 and the third overall. Ismail Ahmed Ismail's silver medal was Sudan's first Olympic medal in any competition.

Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Mens 200 metres Olympic athletics event

The men's 200 metres was held on 2 September and 3 September as part of the athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics, which were held in Rome. 74 athletes from 54 nations entered, but only 62 athletes from 47 nations ultimately competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by Livio Berruti of Italy, the first victory in the event by a nation outside of North America and snapping a five-Games winning streak by the United States. The Americans finished with a silver medal, by Lester Carney, to extend their medal streak to six Games. Abdoulaye Seye of France took bronze. Berruti's gold and Seye's bronze were the first medal for their nations in the men's 200 metres.

The men's 100 metres sprint event at the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, was held at Olympic Stadium on July 23 and 24. Sixty-three athletes from 40 nations competed. Each nation was limited to 3 athletes per rules in force since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by Hasely Crawford of Trinidad and Tobago, earning the nation's first gold medal and making Crawford a national hero. Don Quarrie's silver medal made Jamaica only the third country to reach the men's 100 metres podium three consecutive times. Valeriy Borzov of the Soviet Union was unable to defend his title, but by taking bronze became the third man to medal twice in the event. For only the second time, the United States did not have a medalist in the event.

The men's 400 metres was an event at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal. The competition was held on July 26, 1976, July 28, 1976, and on July 29, 1976. Forty-four athletes from 29 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by Alberto Juantorena of Cuba, the nation's first medal in the event, breaking a string of five victories by the United States. Juantorena became the first man to win both the 800 metres and 400 metres in an Olympics.

Athletics at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Mens 200 metres Olympic athletics event

The men's 200 metres sprint event at the 1936 Olympic Games took place between August 4 and August 5. There were 44 athletes from 22 nations competing. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The final was won by African American Jesse Owens, with silver going to Mack Robinson. Owens thus reached 3 gold medals in 1936, with the sprint relay still to come. The Netherlands earned its first medal in the men's 200 metres with Tinus Osendarp's bronze.

The men's 400 metres sprint event at the 1936 Olympic Games took place in early August. Forty-two athletes from 25 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The final was won by American Archie Williams, the third consecutive and seventh overall title in the event for the United States. Godfrey Brown's silver was Great Britain's first medal in the event since 1924.

Athletics at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Mens 200 metres Olympic athletics event

The men's 200 metres sprint event at the 1948 Summer Olympics took place between 2 August and 3 August. There were 51 competitors from 28 nations. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The final was won by American Mel Patton. His countryman Barney Ewell earned silver, making this the third consecutive Games the United States took the top two spots in the event. Lloyd La Beach's bronze gave Panama a medal in its debut in the event.

Athletics at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Mens 400 metres

The men's 400 metres sprint event at the 1948 Olympic Games took place between August 4 and August 5. Fifty-three athletes from 28 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The final was won by Jamaican Arthur Wint coming from almost 10 meters back to catch teammate and world record holder Herb McKenley. This was Jamaica's first Olympic gold medal in any event, and broke a string of 3 straight American victories in the men's 400 metres.

Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Mens 200 metres Olympic athletics event

The men's 200 metres sprint event at the 1952 Olympic Games took place between July 22 and July 23. There were 71 competitors from 35 nations. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The final was won by American Andy Stanfield. Americans also took silver and bronze as the United States swept the medals in the event for the third time.

The men's 400 metres sprint event at the 1952 Olympic Games took place between July 24 and July 25. Seventy-one athletes from 35 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by George Rhoden of Jamaica, the second consecutive title in the event by a Jamaican. Herb McKenley repeated his silver medal performance from 1948, becoming the second man to win two medals in the event.

The men's 800 metres event at the 1952 Olympics took place between July 20 and July 22. Fifty athletes from 32 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The final was won by the American Mal Whitfield.

Athletics at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Mens 200 metres Olympic athletics event

The men's 200 metres was an event at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich. The competition was held on 3–4 September. There were 57 competitors from 42 nations. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by Valeriy Borzov of the Soviet Union, the nation's first medal in the event. Larry Black took silver, extending the United States' podium streak in the men's 200 metres to nine Games. Italy earned its first medal in the event since 1960 with Pietro Mennea's bronze.

The men's 400 metres was an event at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich. The competition was held on 3, 4 and 7 September. Sixty-four athletes from 49 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by Vince Matthews of the United States, the nation's fifth consecutive and 12th overall victory in the event. The Americans' hopes to repeat their podium sweep of four years earlier were dashed by injury in the final. Bronze medalist Julius Sang became the first black African to win a sprint Olympic medal, earning Kenya's first medal in the event.

References

  1. "Athletics at the 1960 Rome Summer Games: Men's 800 metres". sports-reference.com. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
  2. 1 2 3 "800 metres, Men". Olympedia. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
  3. Official Report, pp. 80–83.