Heckler & Koch UMP | |
---|---|
Type | Submachine gun |
Place of origin | Germany |
Service history | |
In service | 2000–present |
Used by | See Users |
Production history | |
Designed | 1990s |
Manufacturer | Heckler & Koch |
Produced | 2000–present |
Variants | See Variants |
Specifications | |
Mass | Without magazine:
With unloaded magazine:
|
Length | 450 mm (17.7 in) (stock folded) 690 mm (27.2 in) (stock extended) |
Barrel length | 200 mm (7.9 in) |
Cartridge | 9×19mm Parabellum (UMP9) .40 S&W (UMP40) .45 ACP (UMP45/USC) |
Action | Blowback, [1] closed bolt |
Rate of fire | 600–750 rounds/min (UMP9, UMP40) [2] [3] 600–700 rounds/min (UMP45) [3] |
Muzzle velocity | 380 m/s (1,250 ft/s) (9×19mm Parabellum) 358 m/s (1,170 ft/s) (.40 S&W) [3] 260 m/s (870 ft/s) (.45 ACP) [3] |
Effective firing range | 100 m (328 ft) (9×19mm Parabellum) 65 m (213 ft) (.45 ACP) |
Feed system | 30-round detachable curved box magazine (UMP9) 30-round detachable straight box magazine (UMP40) 25-round detachable straight box magazine (UMP45) 10-round detachable straight box magazine (USC) |
Sights | Iron sights and Picatinny rail for various optical sights |
The Heckler & Koch UMP (Universale Maschinenpistole, German for "Universal Machine Pistol") is a submachine gun developed and manufactured by Heckler & Koch. Heckler & Koch developed the UMP as a lighter and cheaper successor to the MP5, though both remain in production. [4] The UMP has been adopted for use by various countries including Brazil, Canada, and the United States. A small number of UMPs chambered in .45 ACP were officially purchased by the 5th Special Forces Group of the United States Army Special Forces,[ citation needed ] with some of the weapons seeing limited service in the early years of the Iraqi insurgency, making them one of the more popular submachine guns being deployed by the U.S. military personnel in recent conflicts around the world.
The UMP can be converted from 9×19mm Parabellum, .40 S&W, or .45 ACP by changing the barrel, bolt, and magazine. The UMP was previously available in multiple calibres, however with a decline in global use of .40 S&W and .45 ACP, only the 9mm Parabellum variant is in production. Parts are still available for the .40 S&W and .45 ACP calibre variants. [2]
The UMP was designed in the 1990s by Heckler & Koch (HK), as a cheaper, lighter alternative to the MP5, [5] which made heavy use of polymers. [6] The UMP first entered production in 2000. [2] It was designed primarily for use by American military and law enforcement units, [7] as the MP5 was not available in .45 ACP, a round which was popular in the United States, but not in Europe. [8] Despite the UMP's improvements and reduced cost, it did not replace the MP5, which ended up outselling the UMP. [9]
In 2000, H&K recalled certain UMP and USC serial numbers due to faulty operating handles. The faulty handles, made of polymer, could break off, making the weapons inoperable. [10]
The UMP is a blowback-operated, magazine-fed submachine gun that fires from a closed bolt. [11] The closed bolt design increases the accuracy, which is particularly desirable in a law enforcement context. [8] However, the simple blowback design of the UMP makes it less controllable than the MP5. [12]
The UMP was originally designed for larger cartridges such as the .40 S&W and .45 ACP, to provide more stopping power against unarmoured targets, with slightly lower effectiveness at longer ranges. A larger cartridge produces more recoil and makes it harder to control in fully automatic fire. To mitigate the excessive recoil, Heckler & Koch designed the UMP to have a cyclic rate of around 600 rounds per minute, though the rate of fire increases up to 700 rounds per minute if (+ P) ammunition is used. [3] [11]
The UMP9 (the 9×19mm variant of the UMP) is almost 0.2 kilograms (0.44 lb) lighter than the MP5. It has a cyclic rate of around 600–750 rounds per minute. [2] Its predominantly polymer construction reduces both its weight and the number of parts susceptible to corrosion. [11] [13]
The UMP is available in four trigger group configurations, featuring different combinations of semi-automatic, 2-round burst, fully automatic, and safe settings. It features a side-folding buttstock to reduce its length during transport. When the last round of the UMP is fired, the bolt locks open, and can be released via a catch on the left side. The iron sights consist of an aperture rear sight and a front ring with a vertical post. It can mount four Picatinny rails (one on top of the receiver, and one on the right, left, and bottom of the handguard) for mounting accessories such as optical sights, tactical lights, or laser sights. Vertical foregrips can be attached to the bottom rail for better control during burst and automatic fire. [11]
The UMP is interchangeable between three different calibres:
The UMP9, chambered in 9×19mm Parabellum
The UMP40, chambered in .40 S&W
The UMP45, chambered in .45 ACP
Apart from the different chambering, all versions feature the same design model, the exterior differences being the curved magazine used on the UMP9, while both the UMP40 and UMP45 each use a straight magazine. All three versions of the weapon can be cross-converted to any of the round chamberings via replacing the bolt, barrel, and magazine. [11] [13]
The USC or Universal Self-loading Carbine is a semi-automatic-only variant of the UMP designed for civilian use. It was created following the Assault Weapons Ban of 1994 in the United States and was introduced in 2000. Changes from the original UMP include a "thumbhole" type stock/grip instead of the pistol grip of the UMP, a longer barrel without the flash suppressor, a magazine limited to 10 rounds, and a semi-automatic-only trigger group and action. [14] Originally available in grey, as of 2008 the USC came only in an all-black finish. [15]
Production of the USC was halted in 2013. [16] In 2018, H&K announced a limited production run of new USC rifles.
Heckler & Koch GmbH is a German armaments manufacturing company that manufactures handguns, rifles, submachine guns, and grenade launchers. The company is located in Oberndorf am Neckar in the German state of Baden-Württemberg, and also has subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, France and the United States.
The Heckler & Koch MP5 is a submachine gun that fires 9x19mm Parabellum cartridges, developed in the 1960s by Heckler & Koch. There are over 100 variants and clones of the MP5, including some semi-automatic versions. The MP5 is one of the most widely used submachine guns in the world, having been adopted by over forty nations and numerous military, law enforcement, intelligence, and security organizations.
A machine pistol is an autoloading pistol capable of fully automatic fire, including stockless handgun-style submachine guns. The term is a calque of Maschinenpistole, the German word for submachine guns.
A submachine gun (SMG) is a magazine-fed automatic carbine designed to fire handgun cartridges. The term "submachine gun" was coined by John T. Thompson, the inventor of the Thompson submachine gun, to describe its design concept as an automatic firearm with notably less firepower than a machine gun. As a machine gun must fire rifle cartridges to be classified as such, submachine guns are not considered machine guns.
The Heckler & Koch MP7 is a personal defense weapon chambered for the HK 4.6×30mm armor-piercing cartridge designed by German defence manufacturer Heckler & Koch.
A semi or full-automatic firearm which is said to fire from a closed bolt is one where, when ready to fire, a round is in the chamber and the bolt and working parts are forward. When the trigger is pulled, the firing pin or striker fires the round; the action is cycled by the energy of the shot, sending the bolt to the rear, which extracts and ejects the empty cartridge case; and the bolt goes forward, feeding a fresh round from the magazine into the chamber, ready for the next shot.
Blowback is a system of operation for self-loading firearms that obtains energy from the motion of the cartridge case as it is pushed to the rear by expanding gas created by the ignition of the propellant charge.
The USP is a semi-automatic pistol developed in Germany by Heckler & Koch GmbH (H&K) as a replacement for the P7 series of handguns.
The Heckler & KochP7 is a German 9×19mm semi-automatic pistol designed by Helmut Weldle and produced from 1979 to 2008 by Heckler & Koch GmbH (H&K). The P7M13, a variant of the P7 with a double-stack magazine, was produced until 2000.
The Heckler & Koch SL8 is a semi-automatic rifle manufactured by Heckler & Koch. It is a civilian version of the Heckler & Koch G36.
The Lusa is a compact 9×19mm Parabellum submachine gun developed by INDEP of Portugal in 1983. Its name is derived from Lusitania, which was the Roman name for the Iberian region that covers present day central and southern Portugal and part of Spain. Although it was originally intended for military use, it was well-suited for law enforcement and ended up being marketed to bodyguards, VIP protection and special operations units.
The Heckler & Koch HK33 is a 5.56mm assault rifle developed in the 1960s by West German armament manufacturer Heckler & Koch GmbH (H&K), primarily for export.
The Heckler & Koch HK45 is a semi-automatic pistol designed by the German arms manufacturer Heckler & Koch.
The KRISS Vector is a series of weapons based upon the parent submachine gun design developed by the American company KRISS USA, formerly Transformational Defense Industries (TDI). They use an unconventional delayed blowback system combined with in-line design to reduce perceived recoil and muzzle climb, invented by French engineer Renaud Kerbrat.
The CS/LS5 is a submachine gun developed by the Jianshe Industries (Group) Corporation of Chongqing. The CS/LS5 design is chambered for indigenous armour-piercing 9×19mm DAP-92 ammunition, but can also use the popular 9×19mm Parabellum round used internationally by armed forces and law enforcement for most pistols and sub machine guns, as well as domestically developed less lethal rubber ammunition.
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