10th century in Denmark

Last updated

The 10th century in Denmark saw the emergence of the country into historical records and the conversion of the country to Christianity. The 950s are when the first records of the state of Denmark (Tan-marker) appeared. [1]

Contents

Monarchs

Events

910s

940s

950s

960s

970s

980s

Births

Deaths

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hedeby</span> Danish Viking Age trading settlement

Hedeby was an important Danish Viking Age trading settlement near the southern end of the Jutland Peninsula, now in the Schleswig-Flensburg district of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Around 965, chronicler Abraham ben Jacob visited Hedeby and described it as, "a very large city at the very end of the world's ocean."

The 980s decade ran from January 1, 980, to December 31, 989.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sweyn Forkbeard</span> King of Denmark (r. 986–1014), Norway (986–95, 1000–14) and England (1013–14)

Sweyn Forkbeard was King of Denmark from 986 until his death, King of England for five weeks from December 1013 until his death, and King of Norway from 999/1000 until 1013/14. He was the father of King Harald II of Denmark, King Cnut the Great, and Queen Estrid Svendsdatter.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cnut</span> 11th-century King of Denmark, Norway, and England

Cnut, also known as Canute and with the epithet the Great, was King of England from 1016, King of Denmark from 1018, and King of Norway from 1028 until his death in 1035. The three kingdoms united under Cnut's rule are referred to together as the North Sea Empire by historians.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harald Bluetooth</span> King of Denmark and Norway

Harald "Bluetooth" Gormsson was a king of Denmark and Norway.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gorm the Old</span> King of Denmark

Gorm the Old, also called Gorm the Languid, was ruler of Denmark, reigning from c. 936 to his death c. 958 or a few years later. He ruled from Jelling, and made the oldest of the Jelling stones in honour of his wife Thyra. Gorm was born before 900 and died perhaps around 958 or possibly 963 or 964.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sweyn II of Denmark</span> 11th-century Danish king

Sweyn Estridsson Ulfsson was King of Denmark from 1047 until his death in 1076. He was the son of Ulf Thorgilsson and Estrid Svendsdatter, and the grandson of Sweyn Forkbeard through his mother's line. He was married at least two times, and fathered 20 children or more out of wedlock, including the five future kings Harald Hen, Canute the Saint, Oluf Hunger, Eric Evergood, and Niels.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jomsborg</span> Semi-legendary Viking stronghold

Jomsborg or Jómsborg was a semi-legendary Viking stronghold at the southern coast of the Baltic Sea, that existed between the 960s and 1043. Its inhabitants were known as Jomsvikings. Jomsborg's exact location, or its existence, has not yet been established, though it is often maintained that Jomsborg was located on the eastern outlet of the Oder river. Historian Lauritz Weibull dismissed Jomsborg as a legend.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eric the Victorious</span> King of Sweden

Eric the Victorious was a Swedish monarch as of around 970. Although there were earlier Swedish kings, he is the first Swedish king in a consecutive regnal succession, who is attested in sources independent of each other, and consequently Sweden's list of rulers usually begins with him. His son Olof Skötkonung, however, is considered the first ruler documented to definitely have been accepted both by the original Swedes around Lake Mälaren and by the Geats around Lake Vättern. Adam of Bremen reports a king named Emund Eriksson before Eric, but it is not known whether he was Eric's father. The Norse sagas' accounts of a Björn Eriksson are considered unreliable.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Viking ring fortress</span> Type of circular fort built in Scandinavia in the Viking Age

A Viking ring fortress, Trelleborg-type fortress, or trelleborg, is a type of circular fort of a special design, built in Scandinavia during the Viking Age. These fortresses have a strictly circular shape, with roads and gates pointing in the four cardinal directions. Inside the fort, each quadrant has one, in a single case four, square blocks of longhouses, completing the geometric symmetry. There are a total of five confirmed Viking ring fortresses at present, located in Denmark. They have been dated to the reign of Harold Bluetooth of Denmark, with an estimated near contemporary time of construction c. 980. Their exact historical context is subject to debate. In 2023, the five Danish forts were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List because of their unique architecture and testimony to the military power of the Jelling Dynasty.

Thorgils Sprakalegg was a Danish nobleman whose children were active in the politics of Denmark and England in the early 11th century and who was grandfather of kings of both nations. Little is recorded about Thorgils in historical texts outside of his place in the genealogy of his children or grandchildren. Thorgils' cognomen Sprakalägg can be translated into English as "Break-leg" or "Strut-leg".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sigurd Snake-in-the-Eye</span> Legendary kings of Denmark

Sigurd Snake-in-the-eye or Sigurd Ragnarsson/Aslaugsson was a semi-legendary Viking warrior and Danish king active from the mid to late 9th century. According to multiple saga sources and Scandinavian histories from the 12th century and later, he is one of the sons of the legendary Viking Ragnar Lodbrok and Áslaug. His historical prototype might have been the Danish King Sigfred who ruled briefly in the 870s. Norwegian kings' genealogies of the Middle Ages name him as an ancestor of Harald Fairhair and used his mother's supposed ancestry to Völsung in order to create an ancestry between Harald and his descendants and Odin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harthacnut I of Denmark</span> Semi-legendary king of Denmark

Harthacnut or Cnut I was a semi-legendary King of Denmark. The old Norse story Ragnarssona þáttr makes Harthacnut son of the semi-mythic viking chieftain Sigurd Snake-in-the-Eye, himself one of the sons of the legendary Ragnar Lodbrok. The saga in turn makes Harthacnut the father of the historical king, Gorm. It has been suggested he is to be identified with the Hardegon of Northmannia whose early-10th century conquest of Denmark was related by Adam of Bremen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jomsvikings</span> Order of Viking mercenaries

The Jomsvikings were a legendary order of Viking mercenaries or conquerors of the 10th and 11th centuries. Though reputed to be staunchly dedicated to the worship of the Old Norse gods, they would allegedly fight for any lord who could pay their substantial fees, even if they may be Christian. The institution of the Jomsvikings would itself foreshadow those of the later religious and chivalric orders of the Middle Ages.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thyra</span> Viking Age Danish queen

Thyra was the wife of King Gorm the Old of Denmark, and one of the first queens of Denmark widely believed by scholars to be historical rather than legendary. She is presented in medieval sources as a wise and powerful woman who ordered the building or fortification of the Danevirke, consistent with her commemoration on multiple Viking Age runestones. These include those at Jelling which was the seat of power for her dynasty. When she was born and became queen is unclear, however, she likely ruled until her death in the middle of the 10th century CE.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christianization of Scandinavia</span> Conversion to Christianity of the Scandinavian people

The Christianization of Scandinavia, as well as other Nordic countries and the Baltic countries, took place between the 8th and the 12th centuries. The realms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden established their own archdioceses, responsible directly to the pope, in 1104, 1154 and 1164, respectively. The conversion to Christianity of the Scandinavian people required more time, since it took additional efforts to establish a network of churches.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hedeby stones</span>

The Hedeby stones are four runestones from the 10th century found at the town of Hedeby in Northern Germany. This area was part of Denmark during the Viking Age.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tyra of Denmark</span> 10th-century Danish princess

Tyra of Denmark was a 10th-century Danish princess. She was the spouse of both King Olav I of Norway and of Styrbjörn Starke, prince of Sweden.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">House of Knýtlinga</span> Ruling royal house in Middle Age Scandinavia and England

The Danish House of Knýtlinga was a ruling royal house in Middle Age Scandinavia and England. Its most famous king was Cnut the Great, who gave his name to this dynasty. Other notable members were Cnut's father Sweyn Forkbeard, grandfather Harald Bluetooth, and sons Harthacnut, Harold Harefoot, and Svein Knutsson. It has also been called the House of Canute, the House of Denmark, the House of Gorm, or the Jelling dynasty.

Events from the 11th century in Denmark.

References

Citations

  1. Robbers 2006, p. 250.
  2. Thomas, Alastair H. (2010-05-10). The A to Z of Denmark. Scarecrow Press. p. 208. ISBN   978-0-8108-7205-9 . Retrieved 2012-10-29.
  3. Fodor's (2006-02-07). Fodor's Denmark, 5th Edition. Random House Digital, Inc. p. 230. ISBN   978-1-4000-1613-6 . Retrieved 2012-10-29.
  4. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge (Great Britain) (1839). Penny cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. C. Knight. p. 280. Retrieved 2012-10-29.
  5. Kendrick, T. D. (2004-04-30). A History of the Vikings. Courier Dover Publications. p. 225. ISBN   978-0-486-43396-7 . Retrieved 2012-10-29.
  6. 1 2 Arnold-Baker (2001-03-27). Companion to British History. Taylor & Francis. p. 14. ISBN   978-0-415-18583-7 . Retrieved 2012-10-29.
  7. Sale, Richard (February 2007). Copenhagen and Denmark. New Holland Publishers. p. 13. ISBN   978-1-84537-634-5 . Retrieved 2012-10-28.
  8. Miller, George (1820). Lectures on the philosophy of modern history: delivered in the University of Dublin. Printed by Graisberry and Campbell for J. Murray. p.  239 . Retrieved 2012-10-28.
  9. Holman, Katherine (2009-06-30). The A to Z of the Vikings. Scarecrow Press. p. 105. ISBN   978-0-8108-6813-7 . Retrieved 2012-10-28.
  10. Eur (2002-12-13). Western Europe 2003. Psychology Press. p. 115. ISBN   978-1-85743-152-0 . Retrieved 2012-10-28.
  11. "The Jelling Stones". National Museum of Denmark. Archived from the original on 2012-10-22. Retrieved 2012-10-28.
  12. "al-Tartushi on Hedeby". Anders Winroth. Retrieved 2012-10-29.
  13. Hooper & Bennett 1996, p. 35.
  14. Gravett 2001, p. 128.
  15. DK Publishing 2010, p. 140.
  16. 1 2 Anderson 1732, p. 418.
  17. "Odenses historie" (in Danish). Odense Kommune. Archived from the original on 2011-07-17. Retrieved 2012-10-01.
  18. Richardson 2005, p. 28.

Sources