1937 Nobel Prize in Literature

Last updated
Nobel prize medal.svg 1937 Nobel Prize in Literature
Roger Martin du Gard
Roger Martin du Gard 1937.jpg
"for the artistic power and truth with which he has depicted human conflict as well as some fundamental aspects of contemporary life in his novel-cycle Les Thibault"
Date
  • 12 November 1937 (announcement)
  • 10 December 1937
    (ceremony)
Location Stockholm, Sweden
Presented by Swedish Academy
First awarded1901
Website Official website
  1936  · Nobel Prize in Literature ·  1938  

The 1937 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the French author Roger Martin du Gard "for the artistic power and truth with which he has depicted human conflict as well as some fundamental aspects of contemporary life in his novel-cycle Les Thibault". [1]

Contents

Laureate

Roger Martin du Gard was awarded for the then seven-part (a final eight part was later published) novel cycle Les Thibault (1922-1940), that chronicles a family of the bourgeoisie from the turn of the 19th century to World War I. His other work includes the novel Jean Barois (1913) that deals with the conflict between the Roman catholic faith of his childhood and the scientific materialism of his maturity and the impact of the Dreyfus affair on the protagonist, sketches of French country life in Vielle France ("Old France", 1933), a study of the author and his friend André Gide (Notes sur André Gide, 1951), and dramas. [2]

Du Gard's Les Thibault (1922-1940) Les Thibault - Le cahier gris, edition originale.png
Du Gard's Les Thibault (1922–1940)

Les Thibault

The multi-volume roman-fleuve Les Thibault influenced the Nobel Committee in awarding Du Gard the 1937 Nobel Prize in Literature. It follows intricately the fortunes of two brothers, Antoine and Jacques Thibault, from their upbringing in a prosperous Catholic bourgeois family to the end of the First World War. The novel was admired by authors like André Gide, Albert Camus, Clifton Fadiman, and Georg Lukacs. In contrast, Mary McCarthy called it "a work whose learned obtuseness is, so far as I know, unequaled in fiction." [3]

Deliberations

Nominations

Roger Martin du Gard had been nominated for the prize five times since 1934. [4] In 1937, the Nobel committee received 62 nominations for 37 writers including Frans Emil Sillanpää (awarded in 1939), Paul Valéry, Paul Claudel, Kostis Palamas, António Correia de Oliveira, Bertel Gripenberg, Karel Capek and Georges Duhamel. Fourteen were newly nominated such as Stijn Streuvels, Jean Giono, Johan Falkberget, Valdemar Rørdam and Albert Verwey. Most nominations were submitted for the Danish author Johannes V. Jensen (awarded in 1944) with seven nominations. There were seven female nominees namely Maria Madalena de Martel Patrício, Ricarda Huch, Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić, Maila Talvio, Maria Jotuni, Cecile Tormay and Sally Salminen. [5]

The authors Lou Andreas-Salomé, J. M. Barrie, Ellis Parker Butler, Aleksey Chapygin, Ralph Connor, Francis de Croisset, Alberto de Oliveira, John Drinkwater, Florence Dugdale, Edward Garnett, Antonio Gramsci, Frances Nimmo Greene, Ivor Gurney, Elizabeth Haldane, Élie Halévy, W. F. Harvey, Ilya Ilf, Attila József, H. P. Lovecraft, Don Marquis, H. C. McNeile, Dashdorjiin Natsagdorj, Rudolf Otto, Mittie Frances Point (known as Mrs. Alex. McVeigh Miller), Horacio Quiroga, Jean-Joseph Rabearivelo and Yevgeny Zamyatin died in 1937 without having been nominated for the prize. The Dutch poet Albert Verwey died before the only chance to be rewarded.

Official list of nominees and their nominators for the prize
No.NomineeCountryGenre(s)Nominator(s)
1René Béhaine (1880–1966)Flag of France (1794-1958).svg  France novel, short story, essays
2 Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić (1874–1938)Flag of Yugoslavia (1918-1943).svg  Yugoslavia
(Flag of Croatia.svg  Croatia)
novel, short story
3 Paul Claudel (1868–1955)Flag of France (1794-1958).svg  France poetry, drama, essays, memoirPeter Hjalmar Rokseth (1891–1945)
4 António Correia de Oliveira (1878–1960)Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal poetryLuís da Cunha Gonçalvez (1875–1956)
5 Karel Čapek (1890–1938)Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia drama, novel, short story, essays, literary criticismJosef Šusta (1874–1945) [lower-alpha 1]
6 Maria Madalena de Martel Patrício (1884–1947)Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal poetry, essaysAntónio Baião (1878–1961)
7 Roger Martin du Gard (1881–1958)Flag of France (1794-1958).svg  France novel, drama, memoirTorsten Fogelqvist (1880–1941)
8 Georges Duhamel (1884–1966)Flag of France (1794-1958).svg  France novel, short story, poetry, drama, literary criticism
9 Olav Duun (1876–1939)Flag of Norway.svg  Norway novel, short story Helga Eng (1875–1966)
10 Johan Falkberget (1879–1967)Flag of Norway.svg  Norway novel, short story, essays Fredrik Paasche (1886–1943)
11 Jean Giono (1895–1970)Flag of France (1794-1958).svg  France novel, short story, essays, poetry, drama
12 Bertel Gripenberg (1878–1947)Flag of Finland.svg  Finland
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden
poetry, drama, essaysMagnus Hammarström (1893–1941)
13 Vilhelm Grønbech (1873–1948)Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark history, essays, poetryWilliam Norvin (1878–1940)
14 Jarl Hemmer (1893–1944)Flag of Finland.svg  Finland poetry, novel Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953)
15 Ricarda Huch (1864–1947)Flag of Germany (1935-1945).svg  Germany history, essays, novel, poetry
16 Johannes Vilhelm Jensen (1873–1950)Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark novel, short story, essays
  • Vilhelm Andersen (1864–1953)
  • Peter Skautrup (1896–1982)
  • Ernst Frandsen (1894–1952)
  • Francis Bull (1887–1974)
  • Jens Thiis (1870–1942)
  • Johannes Brøndum-Nielsen (1881–1977)
  • Carl Adolf Bodelsen (1894–1978)
17 Maria Jotuni (1880–1943)Flag of Finland.svg  Finland drama, novel, short story, essaysViljo Tarkiainen (1879–1951)
18 Ludwig Klages (1872–1956)Flag of Germany (1935-1945).svg  Germany philosophy, poetry, essaysWilhelm Pinder (1878–1947)
19 Erwin Guido Kolbenheyer (1878–1962)State flag of Austria (1934-1938).svg  Austria novel, short story, poetry, dramaHeinz Kindermann (1894–1985)
20 Maurice Magre (1877–1941)Flag of France (1794-1958).svg  France novel, poetry, drama
  • Jules Marsan (1867–1939)
  • Joseph Gheusi (1870–1950)
21Bensadhar Majumdar (?)British Raj Red Ensign.svg  India essaysSen Satyendranath (1909–?)
22 John Masefield (1878–1967)Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom poetry, drama, novel, short story, essays, autobiography Anders Österling (1884–1981)
23 Dmitry Merezhkovsky (1865–1941)Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union novel, essays, poetry, drama Sigurd Agrell (1881–1937)
24 Kostis Palamas (1859–1943)Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg  Greece poetry, essaysNikos Athanasiou Veēs (1882–1958)
25 Jules Payot (1859–1940)Flag of France (1794-1958).svg  France pedagogy, philosophy Alfred Baudrillart, C.O. (1859–1942)
26William Pickard (1889–1973)Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom novel, poetry, essays Arthur Bernard Cook (1868–1952)
27 Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1888–1975)British Raj Red Ensign.svg  India philosophy, essays, law Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953)
28 Valdemar Rørdam (1872–1946)Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark poetry, essaysEjnar Thomsen (1897–1956)
29 Sally Salminen (1906–1976)Flag of Finland.svg  Finland novel, essays, autobiography Albert Engström (1869–1940)
30 Arnold Schering (1877–1941)Flag of Germany (1935-1945).svg  Germany essaysIlmari Krohn (1867–1960)
31 Frans Eemil Sillanpää (1888–1964)Flag of Finland.svg  Finland novel, short story, poetry
32 Stijn Streuvels (1871–1969)Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium novel, short story
  • 5 professors from Belgian Universities
  • 64 university lecturers from Germany
  • Leo Goemans (1869–1955)
  • Hans-Friedrich Rosenfeld (1899–1993)
33 Maila Talvio (1871–1951)Flag of Finland.svg  Finland novel, short story, translationIlmari Krohn (1867–1960)
34 Shaul Tchernichovsky (1875–1943)Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  Mandatory Palestine
poetry, essays, translation Joseph Klausner (1874–1958)
35 Cécile Tormay (1875–1937)Flag of Hungary (1915-1918, 1919-1946).svg  Hungary novel, short story, essays, translation
  • Jenö Pintér (1921–1988)
  • János Horváth (1878–1961)
  • Károly Pap (1897–1945)
  • János Hankiss (1893–1959)
  • Fredrik Böök (1883–1961)
36 Paul Valéry (1871–1945)Flag of France (1794-1958).svg  France poetry, philosophy, essays, drama Gabriel Hanotaux (1853–1944)
37 Albert Verwey (1865–1937)Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands poetry, essays, translation
  • Pieter Nicolaas van Eyck (1887–1954)
  • Cornelis Gerrit Nicolaas de Vooys (1873–1955)
  • Nicolaas Anthony Donkersloot (1902–1965)

Notes

  1. Karel Čapek was also nominated by 9 other professors of history or literature at Prague University.
  2. Several thousand other nominations of Jean Giono were by ineligible nominators.
  3. 27 professors from the universities of Bern, Basel, Geneva and Zürich in Switzerland, and Groningen, Netherlands.
  4. The nomination was made in 9 separate letters by 15 Finnish university professor and Academy members.

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References

  1. "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1937". nobelprize.org.
  2. "Roger Martin du Gard". britannica.com.
  3. The New Republic, 26 April 1939
  4. "Nomination archive - Roger Martin du Gard".
  5. "Nomination archive". nobelprize.org. April 2020.