2013 ND15

Last updated

2013 ND15
Discovery
Discovered by Pan-STARRS
Discovery date13 July 2013
Designations
2013 ND15
Orbital characteristics [2] [3] [4]
Epoch 13 January 2016 (JD  2457400.5)
Uncertainty parameter 7
Aphelion 1.1660  AU (174.43  Gm)
Perihelion 0.28100 AU (42.037 Gm)
0.72351 AU (108.236 Gm)
Eccentricity 0.61162
0.62  yr (224.8  d)
198.82°
1.6015°/day
Inclination 4.7962°
95.841°
19.697°
Earth  MOID 0.00751978 AU (1,124,943 km)
Jupiter  MOID 3.95146 AU (591.130 Gm)
Physical characteristics
Dimensions40–100 m [a] [5]
24.1 [2]

    2013 ND15 (also written 2013 ND15) is an asteroid that is a temporary trojan of Venus, the first known Venus trojan. [6]

    Contents

    Discovery, orbit and physical properties

    2013 ND15 was discovered on 13 July 2013 by N. Primak, A. Schultz, T. Goggia and K. Chambers, observing for the Pan-STARRS project. As of September 2014, it has been observed 21 times with a data-arc span of 26 days. It is an Aten asteroid and its semi-major axis (0.7235 AU) is very similar to that of Venus but it has high eccentricity (0.6115) and small orbital inclination (4.794°). With an absolute magnitude of 24.1, it has a diameter in the range 40–100 m (for an assumed albedo range of 0.04-0.20).

    Trojan dynamical state and orbital evolution

    Animation of 2013 ND15 relative to Sun and Venus

.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}
Sun *
Venus *
2013 ND15 Animation of 2013 ND15 relative to Sun and Venus.gif
    Animation of 2013 ND15 relative to Sun and Venus
      Sun ·  Venus ·  2013 ND15

    2013 ND15 has been identified as a Venus trojan following a tadpole orbit around Venus' Lagrangian point L4. [6] Besides being a Venus co-orbital, this asteroid is also a Mercury crosser and an Earth crosser. 2013 ND15 exhibits resonant (or near-resonant) behavior with Mercury, Venus and Earth. [6] Its short-term dynamical evolution is different from that of the other three Venus co-orbitals, 2001 CK32 , Zoozve , and 2012 XE133 . [6]

    Potentially hazardous asteroid

    2013 ND15 is not included in the Minor Planet Center list of potentially hazardous asteroids (PHAs) because its absolute magnitude is greater than 22.0, even though it comes to within 0.05 AU of Earth periodically. It approached Earth at 0.077 AU on 21 June 2016.

    See also

    Notes

    Related Research Articles

    (99907) 1989 VA is a very eccentric, stony asteroid and near-Earth object, approximately 1 kilometer in diameter. It was discovered on 2 November 1989, by American astronomer couple Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker and Canadian astronomer David Levy at the Palomar Observatory on Mount Palomar, California.

    <span class="nowrap">(33342) 1998 WT<sub>24</sub></span> Sub-kilometer asteroid

    (33342) 1998 WT24 is a bright, sub-kilometer asteroid, classified as near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid (PHA) of the Aten group, located in Venus's zone of influence that has frequent close encounters with Mercury, Venus, and Earth. It made a close approach to Earth on 11 December 2015, passing at a distance of about 4.2 million kilometers (2.6 million miles, 11 lunar distances) and reaching about apparent magnitude 11.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">524522 Zoozve</span> Temporary quasi-satellite of Venus

    524522 Zoozve (provisional designation 2002 VE68) is a sub-kilometer sized asteroid and temporary quasi-satellite of Venus. Discovered in 2002, it was the first such object to be discovered around a major planet in the Solar System. In a frame of reference rotating with Venus, it appears to travel around it during one Venerean year, but it orbits the Sun, not Venus.

    (322756) 2001 CK32 is a sub-kilometer asteroid and near-Earth object of the Aten group. It is also a transient Venus co-orbital, and a Mercury grazer as well as an Earth crosser. It was once designated as a potentially hazardous asteroid.

    <span class="nowrap">2011 SL<sub>25</sub></span>

    2011 SL25, also written as 2011 SL25, is an asteroid and Mars trojan candidate that shares the orbit of the planet Mars at its L5 point.

    2012 XE133 is an asteroid, classified as near-Earth object of the Aten group that is a temporary co-orbital of Venus.

    2013 BS45 (also written 2013 BS45) is a horseshoe companion to the Earth like 3753 Cruithne. Like Cruithne, it does not orbit the Earth in the normal sense and at times it is on the other side of the Sun, yet it still periodically comes nearer to the Earth in sort of halo orbit before again drifting away. While not a traditional natural satellite, it does not quite have normal heliocentric orbit either and these are sometimes called quasi-satellties or horseshoe orbits.

    2011 EO40 is an asteroid, classified as a near-Earth object and a potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group. It is a possible candidate for the parent body of the Chelyabinsk superbolide.

    2014 OL339 (also written 2014 OL339) is an Aten asteroid that is a temporary quasi-satellite of Earth, the fourth known Earth quasi-satellite.

    2013 LX28, is an asteroid, classified as near-Earth object of the Apollo group that is a temporary quasi-satellite of the Earth, the third known Earth quasi-satellite.

    2015 SO2 (also written 2015 SO2) is an Aten asteroid that is a temporary horseshoe companion to the Earth, the ninth known Earth horseshoe librator. Prior to its most recent close encounter with our planet (2015 September 30) it was an Apollo asteroid.

    2015 XX169 (also written 2015 XX169) is an Apollo asteroid that is a temporary horseshoe companion to the Earth, the tenth known Earth horseshoe librator. A close encounter with the Earth on 14 December 2015 caused the value of the semi-major axis of 2015 XX169 to drift slowly upwards, and the object evolved from an Aten asteroid to an Apollo asteroid about a year after this close approach.

    2015 YQ1 (also written 2015 YQ1) is an Apollo asteroid that is a temporary horseshoe companion to the Earth, the twelfth known Earth horseshoe librator. It experienced a close encounter with the Earth on 2015 December 22 at 0.0037 AU.

    2015 YA is a sub-kilometer asteroid, classified as near-Earth object of the Aten group, that is a temporary horseshoe companion to the Earth. It is the 11th known Earth horseshoe librator. Prior to a close encounter with the Earth on 15 December 2015, 2015 YA was an Apollo asteroid.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">594913 ꞌAylóꞌchaxnim</span> First known asteroid of the Vatira population

    594913 ꞌAylóꞌchaxnim (provisional designation 2020 AV2) is a large near-Earth asteroid discovered by the Zwicky Transient Facility on 4 January 2020. It is the first asteroid discovered to have an orbit completely within Venus's orbit, and is thus the first and only known member of the eponymous ꞌAylóꞌchaxnim (informally named Vatira before its discovery) population of Atira-class asteroids. ꞌAylóꞌchaxnim has the smallest known aphelion and third-smallest known semi-major axis among all asteroids. With an absolute magnitude approximately 16.2, the asteroid is expected to be larger than 1 km in diameter.

    <span class="nowrap">2011 SP<sub>189</sub></span>

    2011 SP189 is a small asteroid and Mars trojan orbiting near the L5 point of Mars (60 degrees behind Mars on its orbit).

    2020 VT1 is a small asteroid, classified as a near-Earth object of the Amor group, that is a temporary horseshoe companion to Mars.

    2020 PN1 is a sub-kilometer asteroid, classified as a near-Earth object of the Aten group, that is a temporary horseshoe companion to the Earth. There are dozens of known Earth horseshoe librators, some of which switch periodically between the quasi-satellite and the horseshoe co-orbital states.

    2020 PP1 is a sub-kilometer asteroid, classified as a near-Earth object of the Apollo group, that is a temporary quasi-satellite of the Earth. There are over a dozen known Earth quasi-satellites, some of which switch periodically between the quasi-satellite and horseshoe co-orbital states.

    References

    1. List Of Aten Minor Planets
    2. 1 2 3 "2013 ND15". JPL Small-Body Database . Jet Propulsion Laboratory. SPK-ID:  3645042 . Retrieved 3 April 2016.
    3. AstDys-2 on 2013 ND15 Retrieved 2014-01-21
    4. NEODyS-2 on 2013 ND15 Retrieved 2014-01-21
    5. Absolute-magnitude conversion table (H)
    6. 1 2 3 4 de la Fuente Marcos, C.; de la Fuente Marcos, R. (2014). "Asteroid 2013 ND15: Trojan companion to Venus, PHA to the Earth". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 439 (3): 2970–2977. arXiv: 1401.5013 . Bibcode:2014MNRAS.439.2970D. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu152.
    Further reading