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 Member State of the Arab League |
 Africaportal  Politicsportal |
Parliamentary elections were held in Djibouti on 24 February 2023 to elect the 65 members of the National Assembly. [1] [2]
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All 65 seats in the National Assembly | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Member State of the Arab League |
| Africaportal Politicsportal |
Parliamentary elections were held in Djibouti on 24 February 2023 to elect the 65 members of the National Assembly. [1] [2]
Since his election as President in 1999 Ismaïl Omar Guelleh has ruled Djibouti with almost unchecked power and has become increasingly authoritarian. In all of his presidential re-election campaigns he has never gotten below 80 percent of the vote, which the opposition have decried as fraudulent. Additionally, during his time in office his political party, the People's Rally for Progress (RPP) and its coalition, the Union for the Presidential Majority (UMD) has been in power nearly unopposed since 1977 with their lowest support coming in 2013 with 55 of the 65 seats in parliament.
This long history of fraudulent elections, combined with recent erosion of press freedoms, has resulted in key members of the opposition coalition, the Union for National Salvation, to boycott this election. Specifically, the coalitions two largest parties, the Republican Alliance for Democracy (ARD) and the Movement for Democratic Renewal and Development (MRD) announced they would not be participating. [3] [4] The MRD has gone on to say that:
"Elections in our country are still not free, not transparent and not democratic" and that "The people of Djibouti are deprived of their right to freely choose their leaders," [3]
Due to lack of opposition participation, a RPP and UMD victory is almost guaranteed, as it has been for the past 50 years. [5]
They were 586 polling stations set across the country for voters, but many refused to vote, saying the election was unfair and that they had no interest in voting. [6] [7]
Prior to the 2013 the previous winner-takes-all party block vote was abandoned. Instead the elections were held using a closed list system in which 80% of seats (rounded to the nearest integer) in each constituency were awarded to the party receiving the most votes. The remaining seats were allocated proportionally to other parties receiving over 10% of the vote using the D'Hondt method. In cases where no other party received more than 10% of the vote, all seats in a constituency were awarded to the party receiving the most votes. [8] There was also a 25% female quota, [9] up from 10% in the previous election. [10]
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| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
| Union for the Presidential Majority | 159,658 | 93.68 | 58 | +1 | |
| Djibouti Union for Democracy and Justice | 10,772 | 6.32 | 7 | +2 | |
| Total | 170,430 | 100.00 | 65 | 0 | |
| Registered voters/turnout | 230,295 | – | |||
| Source: Official Journal | |||||
Politics of Djibouti takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the executive power is exercised by the President and the Government. Legislative power is vested in both the Government and the National Assembly. The party system and legislature are dominated by the socialist People's Rally for Progress. In April 2010, a new constitutional amendment was approved. The President serves as both the head of state and head of government, and is directly elected for single six-year term. Government is headed by the President, who appoints the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers on the proposal of the latter. There is also a 65-member chamber of deputies, where representatives are popularly elected for terms of five years. Administratively, the country is divided into five regions and one city, with eleven additional district subdivisions. Djibouti is also part of various international organisations, including the United Nations and Arab League.
Dileita Mohamed Dileita is a Djiboutian politician who was the prime minister of Djibouti from 7 March 2001 to 1 April 2013. He was vice-president of the People's Rally for Progress (RPP), the governing political party, until 2012. He also served as president of the Union for the Presidential Majority (UMP), the governing coalition. He was elected President of the National Assembly on 5 March 2023.
The People's Rally for Progress is a political party in Djibouti. It has dominated politics in the country since 1979, initially under the rule of President Hassan Gouled Aptidon. Today it is led by President Ismaïl Omar Guelleh and is in a coalition government with Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD) and other parties. The RPP tends to hold more influence among the Issa population.
The Movement for Democratic Renewal and Development, is a political party in Djibouti. It was originally known as the Party for Democratic Renewal. The PRD of Djibouti was created with the purpose of forming a national democratic party. The PRD gained popularity at the collapse of the communist bloc and the end of the Cold War. It used its military power gained through its coalition with the Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD) and the Movement for Peace and Reconciliation (MPR). The current leader of PRD is Abdillani Hamariteha.
The National Democratic Party is a political party in Djibouti. It was founded as an opposition party in 1992 by Aden Robleh Awaleh, who remains the party's president. It was part of the ruling coalition in 2005, but has since rejoined the opposition against President Ismaïl Omar Guelleh.
The Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy is a political party in Djibouti. It is aligned with the interests of the Afar people who live in that country, although it has supporters residing outside of Djibouti.
Hassan Gouled Aptidon was the first President of Djibouti from 1977 to 1999.
The National Assembly, formerly known as the Chamber of Deputies, is the unicameral legislative branch of the government of Djibouti.
The Social Democratic People's Party is a centre-left, social democratic political party, in Djibouti, founded in 2002 and led by Moumin Bahdon Farah. It is part of the governing coalition, the Union for a Presidential Majority (UMP).
Idriss Arnaoud Ali was a Djiboutian politician who was President of the National Assembly of Djibouti from 2003 to 2015. He was also the Secretary-General of the People's Rally for Progress (RPP) from 2003 to 2012.
Aden Robleh Awaleh (1941 – 31 October 2014) was a Djiboutian politician and President of the National Democratic Party (PND). He was a member of the National Assembly of Djibouti.
Parliamentary elections were held in Djibouti on 8 February 2008. There were 65 candidates running for the 65 seats in the National Assembly, with all of the candidates coming from the ruling coalition, the Union for the Presidential Majority (UMP). The opposition boycotted the election, and the UMP won all 65 seats.
Moumin Bahdon Farah was a Djiboutian politician and the President of the Social Democratic People's Party (PPSD). He was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1978 to 1993 and Minister of Justice from 1993 to 1996. Concurrently, he was a member of the National Assembly of Djibouti.
Mohamed Dini Farah is a Djiboutian politician. He is a former minister and President of the Parliamentary Group of the People's Rally for Progress (RPP), currently serving as a deputy in the National Assembly of Djibouti.
Ahmed Boulaleh Barreh, also known as Gabayo, is a Djiboutian politician. He is the Vice-President of the People's Social Democratic Party (PPSD) and a member of the National Assembly of Djibouti.
Mohamed Ali Mohamed was a Djiboutian politician of the People's Rally for Progress (PDP).
Parliamentary elections were held in Djibouti on 10 January 2003 to elect the National Assembly of Djibouti. The ruling coalition of President Ismail Omar Guelleh won all 65 seats in the election, defeating an opposition coalition.
Parliamentary elections were held in Djibouti on 22 February 2013. After their boycott of the 2008 elections, opposition groups contested the elections as the Union for National Safety alliance.
Early general elections were held in Luxembourg on 20 October 2013. The elections were called after Prime Minister Jean-Claude Juncker, at the time the longest-serving head of government in the European Union, announced his resignation over a spy scandal involving the Service de Renseignement de l'État (SREL). The review found Juncker deficient in his control over the service.
Parliamentary elections were held in Djibouti on 23 February 2018. The election was boycotted by the main opposition parties, including some of the parties in the Union for National Salvation coalition, which had won 10 seats in the previous elections in 2013.
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