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Hamas, an acronym of its official name, Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiya, is a Palestinian Sunni Islamist political and military movement governing the Israeli-occupied Gaza Strip since 2007.
Pope Francis is the Pope and head of the Catholic Church, the bishop of Rome and sovereign of the Vatican City State. He is the first pope to be a member of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits), the first from the Americas and the Southern Hemisphere, and the first born or raised outside Europe since the 8th-century papacy of the Syrian Pope Gregory III.
Diplomatic relations between the Holy See and the State of Israel, as well as a concordat defining the status and fiscal and property rights of the Catholic Church and related entities within Israel. Formal diplomatic relations between the two states were established after the adoption of the Fundamental Agreement by the two States on 30 December 1993. A Vatican Nunciature in Israel and an Israeli embassy in Rome were simultaneously opened on 19 January 1994. From the Vatican's point of view, the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two states is part of the Christian–Jewish reconciliation; and from the Israeli point of view, the normalization of diplomatic relations. Prior to the establishment of diplomatic relations, the interests of the Catholic Church in Israel were looked after by the Apostolic Delegate to Jerusalem and Palestine, the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem and the Custodian of the Holy Land, all of which continue to function.
While anti-Zionism usually utilizes ethnic and political arguments against the existence or policies of the state of Israel, anti-Zionism has also been expressed within religious contexts which have, at times, colluded and collided with the ethnopolitical arguments over Israel's legitimacy. Outside of the liberal and socialist fields of anti-Zionist currents, the religious arguments tend to predominate as the driving ideological power within the incumbent movements and organizations, and usually target the Israeli state's relationship with Judaism.
An apostolic exhortation is a magisterial document written by the pope. Some experts regard it as third in importance among papal documents, after apostolic constitutions and encyclicals. Exhortations generally encourage a particular virtue or activity. Apostolic exhortations are frequently issued following a Synod of Bishops, in which case they are known as post-synodal apostolic exhortations. They do not define Church doctrine and are not considered legislative.
Ismail Haniyeh is a Palestinian politician who is seen as the overall political leader of Hamas, the de facto ruling entity of the Gaza Strip. He is the current chairman of Hamas’s political bureau; as of 2023, Haniyeh lives in Qatar.
The Holy Family Church of Gaza City is the only Catholic church in the Gaza Strip, State of Palestine. The parish includes a school which provides a Christian education to children in Gaza, and it works closely with the nearby religious congregations of the Missionaries of Charity, Servants of the Lord and the Virgin of Matará, and the Rosary Sisters. The Missionaries of Charity care for the elderly and disabled, and the Rosary Sisters operate a school. The community is served by priests from the Institute of the Incarnate Word.
Pierbattista Pizzaballa is an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who has been the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem since 6 November 2020. A Franciscan friar, he served as Custos of the Holy Land from 2004 to 2016, Apostolic Administrator of the Latin Patriarchate from 2016 to 2020, and was made a cardinal by Pope Francis on 30 September 2023.
The COVID-19 pandemic that started in 2020 has significantly impacted liturgical celebrations of the Catholic Church worldwide. The Pontifical Foundation Aid to the Church in Need (ACN) stated that the pandemic has become not "just a medical, social and economic problem, but also a pastoral problem", which led ACN to start encouraging a special program for the actions of priests and religious against the virus spread.
The 16th Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, commonly referred to as the synod on synodality, is an ongoing synod of bishops of the Catholic Church which will conclude in October 2024 and has as its theme "For a synodal Church: communion, participation and mission". It has been described as the culmination of Pope Francis's papacy and the most important event in the Church since the Second Vatican Council.
The year 2023 in Israel was defined first by wide-scale protests against a proposed judicial reform, and then by the Hamas-led attack on Israel on October 7, which led to a war and to Israel invading the Gaza Strip.
Events in the year 2022 in Vatican City.
Events in the year 2021 in Vatican City.
2021 in religion.
2020 in religion.
Laudate Deum is an apostolic exhortation by Pope Francis, published on October 4, 2023. It was released on the 2023 Feast of St Francis Assisi as a follow-up to his 2015 encyclical Laudato si'. The text is about 8,000 words divided into 73 paragraphs.
On 19 October 2023, part of the Church of Saint Porphyrius, a Greek Orthodox church in Gaza City, in the Israeli-occupied Palestinian territories, was damaged during an Israeli aistrike, killing at least 18 Palestinian civilians during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war. Over 450 Christian and Muslim Palestinian residents of the Gaza Strip had been sheltering there.
On 16 December 2023, two Palestinian Christians, Nahida Anton and her daughter Samar Anton, were shot and killed by Israeli soldiers while walking inside the grounds of the Holy Family Church to go to the bathroom during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war. The Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem said: “Nahida and her daughter Samar were shot and killed as they walked to the Sister’s Convent. One was killed as she tried to carry the other to safety. Seven more people were shot and wounded as they tried to protect others inside the church compound. No warning was given, no notification was provided. They were shot in cold blood inside the premises of the Parish, where there are no belligerents.” Hamas and the Patriarchate said an Israeli sniper killed the women.
Dignitas Infinita is a 2024 declaration on Catholic doctrine that outlines the importance of human dignity, explains its connection to God, and condemns a variety of current violations of human dignity, including human rights violations, discrimination against women, abortion and gender theory. The document is dated 2 April 2024 and was released on 8 April 2024 after a press conference. Dignitas Infinita was issued by the Holy See's Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith and approved with a signature by Pope Francis. It follows Fiducia Supplicans, which was released in 2023. The declaration was generally well-received by Catholic clergy and laypeople, although it received criticism from those who argued against the Church's position on many of the issues covered.
References
- ↑ "Thousands Attend Pope Benedict's Funeral That Makes History". TIME. 2023-01-05. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
- ↑ "Pemimpin Khilafatul Muslimin Abdul Qadir Baraja Divonis 10 Tahun Bui". CNN Indonesia (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2023-02-10.
- ↑ "Pakistan to appeal to Taliban leader over police mosque bombing". France 24. 2023-02-04. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
- ↑ Ogwude, Haadiza. "'The world has been watching': How a small service at Asbury took the globe by storm". The Enquirer. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
- ↑ Lyons, Thomas (2023-02-23). "When a Christian Revival Goes Viral". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
- ↑ "Dutch Denominations Reunite after Decades". Christian Reformed Church. 2024-05-23. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
- ↑ Bouazza, Bouazza Ben (2023-05-11). "Deadly Tunisian synagogue attack was premeditated and targeted temple, interior minister says". AP News. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
- ↑ Dayal, Sakshi (2023-08-01). "At least five killed in Hindu-Muslim clashes south of New Delhi". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
- ↑ Merlo, Francesca (2023-06-06). "Pope Francis' Programme for Apostolic Journey to Portugal and World Youth Day 2023 - Vatican News". www.vaticannews.va. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
- ↑ Brennan, Eve; Tanno, Sophie (2023-09-02). "A 10-hour flight to meet 1,500 Catholics: The Pope visits Mongolia". CNN. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
- ↑ ""Laudate Deum": the Pope's cry for a response to the climate crisis - Vatican News". www.vaticannews.va. 2023-10-04. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
- 1 2 "What is Hamas and why is it fighting with Israel in Gaza?". BBC News. 2023-10-07. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
- ↑ "Erdogan opens modern Turkish state's first new church". France 24. 2023-10-08. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
- ↑ Henao, Luis Andres; Bharath, Deepa (2023-10-07). "Largest Hindu temple outside India in the modern era opens in New Jersey". AP News. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
- ↑ "Muslim boy killed and woman wounded in Illinois hate crime motivated by Israel-Hamas war, police say". AP News. 2023-10-15. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
- ↑ "Riots in North Caucasus underscore rampant antisemitism in Russia". The Kyiv Independent. 2023-10-31. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
- ↑ Faiola, Anthony; Pitrelli, Stefano (18 December 2023). "Pope Francis allows blessings of same-sex couples, shifting Vatican guidance" . The Washington Post . Retrieved 2024-02-08.