336 BC

Last updated

Millennium: 1st millennium BC
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
336 BC in various calendars
Gregorian calendar 336 BC
CCCXXXVI BC
Ab urbe condita 418
Ancient Egypt era XXXI dynasty, 8
- Pharaoh Darius III of Persia, 1
Ancient Greek era 111th Olympiad (victor
Assyrian calendar 4415
Balinese saka calendar N/A
Bengali calendar −928
Berber calendar 615
Buddhist calendar 209
Burmese calendar −973
Byzantine calendar 5173–5174
Chinese calendar 甲申年 (Wood  Monkey)
2362 or 2155
     to 
乙酉年 (Wood  Rooster)
2363 or 2156
Coptic calendar −619 – −618
Discordian calendar 831
Ethiopian calendar −343 – −342
Hebrew calendar 3425–3426
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat −279 – −278
 - Shaka Samvat N/A
 - Kali Yuga 2765–2766
Holocene calendar 9665
Iranian calendar 957 BP – 956 BP
Islamic calendar 986 BH – 985 BH
Javanese calendar N/A
Julian calendar N/A
Korean calendar 1998
Minguo calendar 2247 before ROC
民前2247年
Nanakshahi calendar −1803
Thai solar calendar 207–208
Tibetan calendar 阳木猴年
(male Wood-Monkey)
−209 or −590 or −1362
     to 
阴木鸡年
(female Wood-Rooster)
−208 or −589 or −1361

Year 336 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Crassus and Duillius (or, less frequently, year 418 Ab urbe condita ). The denomination 336 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Contents

Events

By place

Achaemenid Empire

  • The young king of Persia, Arses, objects to being controlled by Bagoas and attempts to poison him. Instead, Arses and all his children are killed by Bagoas.
  • Bagoas then seeks to install a new monarch who will be easier to control. He chooses Codomannus, a distant relative of the royal house, who takes the name Darius III. When Darius tries to assert his independence from Bagoas' control, Bagoas attempts to poison him, but the king is warned and forces Bagoas to drink the poison himself.

Macedonia

  • Following Philip II of Macedon's marriage to Eurydice, Alexander and his mother, Olympias, flee to Epirus, with Alexander later moving to Illyria. However, shortly afterward, father and son are reconciled and Alexander returns; but his position as heir is tenuous.
  • Macedonian troops, commanded by Parmenion, trusted lieutenant of Philip II, arrive in Asia Minor, but are driven back by Persian forces under the command of the Greek mercenary Memnon of Rhodes.
  • At a grand celebration of his daughter Cleopatra's marriage to Alexander I of Epirus (brother of Olympias), Philip II is assassinated at Aegae by Pausanias of Orestis, a young Macedonian bodyguard with a bitter grievance against the young queen's uncle Attalus and against Philip for denying him justice. Pausanias is killed on the spot.
  • Following his assassination, Philip II of Macedon is succeeded by his son Alexander III. Suspecting the princes of the Lynkestis region of killing Phillip II, Alexander executes them all. The League of Corinth promotes Alexander to general of a unified Greek army for its planned invasion of Asia Minor. [1]
  • Alexander immediately has Amyntas IV, son of King Perdiccas III and his cousin, executed.
  • Alexander puts down a rebellion in Macedonia and crushes the rebellious Illyrians. He then appears at the gates of Thebes and receives the city's submission. After that he advances to the Corinthian isthmus and is elected by the assembled Greeks as their commander against Persia.
  • Conscription is introduced in Athens. Young men are required to perform duties which are part military and part civic.
  • Aeschines brings a suit against Ctesiphon for illegally proposing the award of a crown to the Athenian leader Demosthenes in recognition of his services to Athens.

Births

Deaths

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alexander I of Epirus</span> King of Epirus from 343/2 to 331 BC

Alexander I of Epirus, also known as Alexander Molossus, was a king of Epirus (343/2–331 BC) of the Aeacid dynasty. As the son of Neoptolemus I and brother of Olympias, Alexander I was an uncle, and a brother-in-law, of Alexander the Great. He was also an uncle to Pyrrhus of Epirus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amyntas III of Macedon</span> King of Macedonia from 393/2 to 370 BC

Amyntas III was king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia from 393/2 to 388/7 BC and again from 387/6 to 370 BC. He was a member of the Argead dynasty through his father Arrhidaeus, a son of Amyntas, one of the sons of Alexander I. His most famous son is Philip II, father of Alexander the Great.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Macedonia (ancient kingdom)</span> Ancient kingdom in the southern Balkans

Macedonia, also called Macedon, was an ancient kingdom on the periphery of Archaic and Classical Greece, which later became the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece. The kingdom was founded and initially ruled by the royal Argead dynasty, which was followed by the Antipatrid and Antigonid dynasties. Home to the ancient Macedonians, the earliest kingdom was centered on the northeastern part of the Greek peninsula, and bordered by Epirus to the southwest, Illyria to the northwest, Paeonia to the north, Thrace to the east and Thessaly to the south.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Darius III</span> Last king of the Achaemenid Empire (r. 336–330 BC)

Darius III was the last Achaemenid King of Kings of Persia, reigning from 336 BC to his death in 330 BC.

This article concerns the period 339 BC – 330 BC.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philip II of Macedon</span> King of Macedon from 359 to 336 BC

Philip II of Macedon was the king (basileus) of the ancient kingdom of Macedonia from 359 BC until his death in 336 BC. He was a member of the Argead dynasty, founders of the ancient kingdom, and the father of Alexander the Great.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Olympias</span> Mother of Alexander the Great (c. 375–316 BC)

Olympias was a Greek princess of the Molossians, the eldest daughter of king Neoptolemus I of Epirus, the sister of Alexander I of Epirus, the fourth wife of Philip II, the king of Macedonia and the mother of Alexander the Great. She was extremely influential in Alexander's life and was recognized as de facto leader of Macedon during Alexander's conquests. According to the 1st century AD biographer, Plutarch, she was a devout member of the orgiastic snake-worshiping cult of Dionysus, and he suggests that she slept with snakes in her bed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arses of Persia</span> King of the Achaemenid Empire from 338 to 336 BC

Arses, also known by his regnal name Artaxerxes IV, was the twelfth Achaemenid King of Kings from 338 to 336 BC.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alexander I of Macedon</span> King of Macedon from c. 498/497 to 454 BC

Alexander I, also known as Alexander the Philhellene, was king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia from 498/497 BC until his death in 454 BC. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Perdiccas II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pausanias of Orestis</span> Assassin of Philip II of Macedon

Pausanias of Orestis was a member of Philip II of Macedon's personal bodyguard (somatophylakes). He assassinated Philip in 336 BC, possibly at the behest of Philip's wife Olympias, or even his son Alexander the Great. Pausanias was killed while fleeing the assassination.

Attalus, a Macedonian from Lower Macedonia, was an important courtier and soldier of Philip II of Macedonia.

Amyntas IV was a titular king of the Hellenistic kingdom of Macedonia in 359 BC and member of the Argead dynasty.

Eurydice was an Ancient Macedonian queen and wife of king Amyntas III of Macedon.

Eurydice, born Cleopatra was a mid-4th century BC Macedonian noblewoman, niece of Attalus, and last of the seven wives of Philip II of Macedon, but the first Macedonian one.

<i>Funeral Games</i> (novel) Novel by Mary Renault

Funeral Games is a 1981 historical novel by Mary Renault, dealing with the death of Alexander the Great and its aftermath, the gradual disintegration of his empire and the start of the Wars of the Diadochi. It is the final book of her Alexander trilogy.

Audata was an Illyrian princess and the first attested wife of Philip II of Macedon.

Sirras or Sirrhas was the son-in-law of the king of Lynkestis, Arrhabaeus, having married his daughter Irra. He participated in an Illyrian-Lynkestian coalition's defeat of the attempted invasion of Lynkestis by the Macedonian king Archelaus. He may have been a Lynkestian prince-regent or an Illyrian chieftain, part of the Illyrian force in a previous and also successful Illyrian-Lynkestian coalition against Sparta and Macedon during the Peloponnesian War.

Eurydice, often referred to as Adea Eurydice, was the Queen consort of Macedon, wife of Philip III and daughter of Amyntas IV and Cynane.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of Macedonia (ancient kingdom)</span>

The kingdom of Macedonia was an ancient state in what is now the Macedonian region of northern Greece, founded in the mid-7th century BC during the period of Archaic Greece and lasting until the mid-2nd century BC. Led first by the Argead dynasty of kings, Macedonia became a vassal state of the Achaemenid Empire of ancient Persia during the reigns of Amyntas I of Macedon and his son Alexander I of Macedon. The period of Achaemenid Macedonia came to an end in roughly 479 BC with the ultimate Greek victory against the second Persian invasion of Greece led by Xerxes I and the withdrawal of Persian forces from the European mainland.

References

  1. 1 2 Walkbank, Frank W. (February 21, 2024). "Alexander the Great". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved February 25, 2024.