375 Ursula

Last updated

375 Ursula
375Ursula-LB1.jpg
Ursula imaged at amag 11.4 near the star TYC 581-36-1 (magnitude 11.9). The two galaxies are about magnitude 15.
Discovery  [1]
Discovered by A. Charlois
Discovery site Nice Obs.
Discovery date18 September 1893
Designations
(375) Ursula
Pronunciation /ˈɜːrsjuːlə/
Named after
unknown [2]
1893 AL
main-belt  ·(outer)  [3]
Ursula   [4]
Adjectives Ursulian /ɜːrˈsjuːliən/
Orbital characteristics   [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 124.06 yr (45,314 days)
Aphelion 3.4544 AU
Perihelion 2.7928 AU
3.1236 AU
Eccentricity 0.1059
5.52 yr (2,016 days)
189.03°
0° 10m 42.6s / day
Inclination 15.943°
336.57°
342.15°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions189.45±54.76 km [5]
191.65±4.01 km [6]
193.63±2.52 km [7]
215.67±54.80 km [8]
216±10 km [9]
216.10 km (taken) [3]
Mass (8.45±5.26)×1018  kg [6]
Mean density
2.29±1.43 g/cm3 [6]
16.78±0.01 h [3]
16.83 h [10] [11]
16.899±0.001 h [12]
16.900±0.003 h [13]
0.04±0.03 [8]
0.042±0.027 [5]
0.049±0.001 [7]
0.0494 (derived) [3]
Tholen = C   [1]
SMASS = Xc  [1]
B–V = 0.683 [1]
U–B = 0.341 [1]
7.21 [3]  ·7.21±0.02 [13] [14]  ·7.45 [8]  ·7.47 [1] [5] [7]  ·7.58±0.31 [15]

    Ursula (minor planet designation: 375 Ursula), provisional designation 1893 AL, is a dark asteroid and parent body of the Ursula family from the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It is one of the largest asteroids with a diameter of approximately 200 kilometers. It was discovered on 18 September 1893, by French astronomer Auguste Charlois at Nice Observatory in France. [16] The referent of the asteroids's name is unknown. [2]

    Contents

    Orbit and classification

    Ursula is the parent body of the Ursula family ( 631 ), [4] a large family of C- and X-type asteroids. [17] : 23  It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.8–3.5  AU once every 5 years and 6 months (2,016 days; semi-major axis of 3.12 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 16° with respect to the ecliptic. [1] The body's observation arc begins at Vienna Observatory in October 1893, three weeks after its official discovery observation at Nice. [16]

    Physical characteristics

    In the Tholen classification, Ursula is a carbonaceous C-type asteroid, while in the SMASS taxonomy, it is a Xc-subtype that transitions to the X-type asteroids. [1]

    Rotation period

    In January 2017, the so-far best-rated rotational lightcurve of Ursula was obtained from photometric observations by American astronomer Frederick Pilcher at the Organ Mesa Observatory ( G50 ), New Mexico. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 16.899 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.11 magnitude ( U=3 ). [12]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Ursula measures between 189.45 and 215.67 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.04 and 0.049. [5] [7] [8]

    Observations of an occultation on 15 November 1984, produced six chords indicating an estimated diameter of 216±10 km. [9] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0494 and adopts a diameter of 216.1 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 7.21. [3]

    Naming

    Any reference of this minor planet's name to a person or occurrence is unknown. [2]

    Unknown referent

    Among the many thousands of named minor planets, Ursula is one of only 120 for which no official naming citation has been published. All of these asteroids have low numbers between 164 Eva and 1514 Ricouxa and were discovered between 1876 and the 1930s, predominantly by astronomers Auguste Charlois, Johann Palisa, Max Wolf and Karl Reinmuth. [18]

    Related Research Articles

    4349 Tibúrcio, provisional designation 1989 LX, is a dark asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 29 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 5 June 1989, by German astronomer Werner Landgraf at ESO's La Silla Observatory in northern Chile.

    2026 Cottrell, provisional designation 1955 FF, is a dark asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 12 kilometers in diameter.

    Lagrangea, provisional designation 1923 OU, is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 30 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 12 September 1923, by Russian astronomer Sergey Belyavsky at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named after Italian mathematician and astronomer Joseph-Louis Lagrange.

    1018 Arnolda, provisional designation 1924 QM, is a stony asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 16 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 3 March 1924, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named after physicist Arnold Berliner.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1039 Sonneberga</span> Asteroid

    1039 Sonneberga, provisional designation 1924 TL, is a dark background asteroid, approximately 34 kilometers in diameter, located in the central region of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 24 November 1924, by German astronomer Max Wolf at Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named for the German city of Sonneberg, where the Sonneberg Observatory is located.

    1178 Irmela, provisional designation 1931 EC, is a stony asteroid from the middle regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 19 kilometers in diameter.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1032 Pafuri</span> Dark background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt

    1032 Pafuri, provisional designation 1924 SA, is a dark background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 65 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 30 May 1924, by English astronomer Harry Edwin Wood at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg, South Africa. The asteroid was named for the river in the Pafuri Triangle in South Africa, created by the confluence of the Limpopo and Levubu rivers. The body's spectral type and rotation period are still poorly determined.

    1096 Reunerta, provisional designation 1928 OB, is an asteroid from the background population of the asteroid belt's central region, approximately 40 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 21 July 1928, by astronomer Harry Edwin Wood at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg, South Africa. The asteroid was named after South African engineer Theodore Reunert, supporter of the observatory and friend of the discoverer.

    1123 Shapleya, provisional designation 1928 ST, is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 11 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 21 September 1928, by Russian astronomer Grigory Neujmin at Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. It was named after American astronomer Harlow Shapley.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">7167 Laupheim</span>

    7167 Laupheim, provisional designation 1985 TD3, is a dark background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers (12 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 12 October 1985, by American astronomers Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California. The presumed C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 7.04 hours and was named for Robert Clausen and his team at the public Laupheim Observatory in Germany.

    2145 Blaauw, provisional designation 1976 UF, is a dark Ursula asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 38 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 24 October 1976, by astronomer Richard Martin West at the La Silla Observatory in northern Chile. The asteroid was named after Dutch astronomer Adriaan Blaauw.

    9298 Geake, provisional designation 1985 JM, is a Mitidika asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 12 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 15 May 1985, by American astronomer Edward Bowell at Lowell Observatory's Anderson Mesa Station near Flagstaff, Arizona, United States. The asteroid was named for British astronomer John E. Geake.

    1520 Imatra, provisional designation 1938 UY, is a carbonaceous Ursula asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 54 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 22 October 1938, by Finnish astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland, who named after the Finnish town of Imatra.

    2043 Ortutay, provisional designation 1936 TH, is a dark asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 45 kilometers in diameter. The asteroid was discovered by Hungarian astronomer György Kulin at the Konkoly Observatory, Budapest, on 12 November 1936. It was named after Hungarian ethnographer Gyula Ortutay.

    2122 Pyatiletka, provisional designation 1971 XB, is a stony asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 11 kilometers in diameter.

    1306 Scythia, provisional designation 1930 OB, is a dark Ursula asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 72 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 22 July 1930, by Soviet astronomer Grigory Neujmin at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named for the historic region of Scythia.

    1258 Sicilia, provisional designation 1932 PG, is a dark background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 44 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 8 August 1932, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named after the Italian island of Sicily.

    2169 Taiwan, provisional designation 1964 VP1, is a carbonaceous Astridian asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 17 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 9 November 1964, by astronomers at the Purple Mountain Observatory near Nanking, China. It was named for Taiwan.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">3962 Valyaev</span>

    3962 Valyaev is a dark Themistian asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt. The presumed C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 16.4 hours and measures approximately 15 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 8 February 1967, by Russian astronomer Tamara Smirnova at Nauchnyj on the Crimean peninsula, and later named after Russian astronomer Valerij Valyaev.

    3628 Božněmcová, provisional designation 1979 WD, is a rare-type asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 25 November 1979, by Czech astronomer Zdeňka Vávrová at Kleť Observatory in the Czech Republic. It is named for Czech writer Božena Němcová.

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 375 Ursula (1893 AL)" (2017-10-30 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    2. 1 2 3 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(375) Ursula". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 46. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_376. ISBN   978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "LCDB Data for (375) Ursula". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    4. 1 2 "Asteroid 375 Ursula – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 24 October 2019.
    5. 1 2 3 4 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv: 1509.02522 . Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117.
    6. 1 2 3 Carry, B. (December 2012), "Density of asteroids", Planetary and Space Science, 73 (1): 98–118, arXiv: 1203.4336 , Bibcode:2012P&SS...73...98C, doi:10.1016/j.pss.2012.03.009. See Table 1.
    7. 1 2 3 4 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi: 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 . (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    8. 1 2 3 4 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv: 1606.08923 . Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi: 10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63 .
    9. 1 2 Millis, R. L.; Wasserman, L. H.; Bowell, E.; Franz, O. G.; Klemola, A.; Dunham, D. W. (April 1984). "The diameter of 375 URSULA from its occultation of AG + 39 deg 303". Astronomical Journal. 89: 592–596. Bibcode:1984AJ.....89..592M. doi: 10.1086/113553 . ISSN   0004-6256.
    10. ↑ Schober, H. J. (December 1982). "Rotations of all asteroids larger than 200 KM". IN: Asteroids: 21–26.ResearchsupportedbytheSteiermaerkischerWissenschafts–undForschungslandesfonds, FondszurFoerderungderWissenschaftlichenForschung. Bibcode:1983acm..proc...21S.
    11. ↑ Schober, H. J. (September 1987). "Rotation and variability of the large C-type asteroid 375 URSULA". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 183 (1): 151–155. Bibcode:1987A&A...183..151S. ISSN   0004-6361.
    12. 1 2 Pilcher, Frederick (July 2017). "Rotation Period Determinations for 49 Pales, 96 Aegle, 106 Dione 375 Ursula, and 576 Emanuela". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 44 (3): 249–251. Bibcode:2017MPBu...44..249P. ISSN   1052-8091.
    13. 1 2 Harris, A. W.; Young, J. W.; Bowell, E.; Tholen, D. J. (November 1999). "Asteroid Lightcurve Observations from 1981 to 1983". Icarus. 142 (1): 173–201. Bibcode:1999Icar..142..173H. doi:10.1006/icar.1999.6181.
    14. ↑ Pravec, Petr; Harris, Alan W.; Kusnirák, Peter; Galád, Adrián; Hornoch, Kamil (September 2012). "Absolute magnitudes of asteroids and a revision of asteroid albedo estimates from WISE thermal observations". Icarus. 221 (1): 365–387. Bibcode:2012Icar..221..365P. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2012.07.026.
    15. ↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv: 1506.00762 . Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007.
    16. 1 2 "375 Ursula (1893 AL)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    17. ↑ Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv: 1502.01628 . Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN   9780816532131.
    18. ↑ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "Appendix 11 – Minor Planet Names with Unknown Meaning". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Fifth Revised and Enlarged revision. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 927–929. ISBN   978-3-540-00238-3.
    This page is based on this Wikipedia article
    Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
    Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.