| Bilimbia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Bilimbia sabuletorum in Portugal | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Lecanorales |
| Family: | Ramalinaceae |
| Genus: | Bilimbia De Not. (1846) |
| Type species | |
| Bilimbia hexamera De Not. (1846) | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
Bilimbia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Ramalinaceae. [2]
Bilimbia was circumscribed by Italian botanist Giuseppe De Notaris in 1846. He included two species, B. hexamera and B. tetramera. [3] Although once widely used by lichenologists, in the 1900s it fell into disuse as authors realized that the name had already been used previously for a genus of phanerogams (as Bilimbia [Rheede] Rchb., published by Ludwig Reichenbach in 1837). Furthermore, Alexander Zahlbruckner transferred the Bilimbia lichens to the genus Bacidia in his two of his works (1926 and 1932). A reassessment of the nomenclatural status of Reichenbach's genus determined that it was not published validly, and De Notaris' Bilimbia was resurrected for use. [4] Molecular phylogenetic evidence suggests that the genus forms a well-supported monophyletic clade within the Ramalinaceae. [5]
De Notaris did not specify a type species when he created the genus. Bruce Fink designated B. hexamera as the type in 1910. However, he used the now-obsolete American Code, and the new nomenclatural rules allow for his typification to be superseded by any later typification, unless the typification has been reaffirmed in the interim. In 1952, Rolf Santesson set B. hexamera as the type. In 1984, Josef Hafellner redesignated B. tetramera as the type, a decision that was followed by Timdal in 1991. [6] However, the species B. hexamera is today considered to be synonymous with Bilimbia sabuletorum , while B. tetramera is now known as Mycobilimbia tetramera. If B. tetramera is assigned as the type of Bilimbia, then Bilimbia becomes a synonym of, and the correct name for Mycobilimbia, which is taxonomically unfeasible. For this reason, a proposal was published in 2020 to conserve the name Bilimbia with B. hexamera as a conserved type. [7] The proposal was accepted by the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi in 2023. [8]
Scutula is a genus of lichenicolous fungi in the family Ramalinaceae.
Biatorellaceae is a family of lichen-forming fungi in the subclass Lecanoromycetidae. The family is monotypic, and contains the single genus Biatorella, which contains eight species.
Bacidina is a genus of lichens in the family Ramalinaceae. It was circumscribed by Czech lichenologist Antonín Vězda in 1990, with Bacidina phacodes assigned as the type species. Vězda included 11 species in Bacidina, which was originally classified in the Lecideaceae. These species had previously been placed in genus Bacidia.
Bacidia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Ramalinaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Giuseppe De Notaris in 1846. Species in the genus are crust-like lichens with stemless apothecia; they have green algae as photobionts. Their asci have 8 colourless, cylindrical to acicular, multiseptate spores, with curved and thread-like conidia.
Adelolecia is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus was circumscribed by Hannes Hertel and Josef Hafellner in 1984. The genus was formerly classified in the family Ramalinaceae, but molecular phylogenetic analysis showed it to belong to the Lecanoraceae.
Pilophorus is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Cladoniaceae. They are commonly known as matchstick lichens. The genus has a widespread distribution, especially in temperate regions, and contains 11 species.
Physcidia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Ramalinaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1862 by American lichenologist Edward Tuckerman.
Phyllopsora is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Ramalinaceae. It was circumscribed by Swiss botanist Johannes Müller Argoviensis in 1894, with Phyllopsora breviuscula assigned as the type species.
Toniniopsis is a genus of crustose and squamulose lichens in the family Ramalinaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Swiss lichenologist Eduard Frey in 1926, with Toniniopsis obscura designated the type and only species. The genus name of Toniniopsis is in honour of Carlo Tonini (1803–1877), who was an Italian chemist and botanist (Lichenology), who worked in Verona and was a member and President of the Academy of Agriculture. As a result of molecular phylogenetic studies, several species, formerly classified in genus Bacidia, have been transferred to Toniniopsis.
Toninia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Ramalinaceae.
Fuscopannaria is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pannariaceae. It has 55 species.
Physconia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Physciaceae. It has about 25 species. The genus was circumscribed by Czech lichenologist Josef Poelt in 1965, with Physconia pulverulenta assigned as the type species.
Miriquidica is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1987 by lichenologists Hannes Hertel and Gerhard Rambold, with Miriquidica complanata assigned as the type species. According to Dictionary of the Fungi, the widespread genus contains 23 species, found predominantly in arctic-alpine regions.
Rhizocarpon is a genus of crustose, saxicolous, lecideoid lichens in the family Rhizocarpaceae. The genus is common in arctic-alpine environments, but also occurs throughout temperate, subtropical, and even tropical regions. They are commonly known as map lichens because of the prothallus forming border-like bands between colonies in some species, like the common map lichen.
Hypocenomyce is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Ophioparmaceae. Species in the genus grow on bark and on wood, especially on burned tree stumps and trunks in coniferous forest. Hypocenomyce lichens are widely distributed in the northern hemisphere.
Coccotrema is a genus of lichen-forming fungi. It is the type genus of the family Coccotremataceae, in the order Pertusariales. The genus contains 16 species.
Megalaria is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Ramalinaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Austrian lichenologist Josef Hafellner in 1984, with Megalaria grossa assigned as the type species.
Biatora oxneri is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Ramalinaceae. It is found in the Russian Far East and in South Korea.
Timdalia is a fungal genus in the family Acarosporaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Timdalia intricata, a saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen. This species was first formally described by Swedish lichenologist Adolf Hugo Magnusson in 1935, based on a collection made by Eduard Frey in Austria. It was initially classified in the genus Acarospora. Josef Hafellner circumscribed Timdalia to contain the species in 2001. It was initially placed in the family Lecanoraceae, but molecular phylogenetic studies showed Timdalia to belong in the Acarosporaceae. The genus name honours Norwegian lichenologist Einar Timdal.