Blue (Joni Mitchell album)

Last updated

Blue
Bluealbumcover.jpg
Studio album by
Joni Mitchell
ReleasedJune 22, 1971 (1971-06-22)
Recorded1971
Studio A&M, Hollywood, California
Genre
Length36:15
Label Reprise
Producer Joni Mitchell
Joni Mitchell chronology
Ladies of the Canyon
(1970)		Blue
(1971)		 For the Roses
(1972)
Singles from Blue
  1. "Carey"
    Released: August 1971
  2. "California"
    Released: October 1971

Blue is the fourth studio album by Canadian singer-songwriter Joni Mitchell, released on June 22, 1971, by Reprise Records. Written and produced entirely by Mitchell, it was recorded in 1971 at A&M Studios in Hollywood, California. Created just after her breakup with Graham Nash and during an intense relationship with James Taylor, Blue explores various facets of relationships from love on "A Case of You" to insecurity on "This Flight Tonight". The songs feature simple accompaniments on piano, guitar and Appalachian dulcimer. The album peaked at number 3 on the UK Albums Chart, number 9 on the Canadian RPM Albums Chart and number 15 on the Billboard 200.

Contents

Retrospectively, Blue has been widely regarded by music critics as one of the greatest albums of all time; the cohesion of Mitchell's songwriting, compositions and vocals are frequent areas of praise. In January 2000, The New York Times chose Blue as one of the 25 albums that represented "turning points and pinnacles in 20th-century popular music". [1] In 2020, Blue was rated the third greatest album of all time in Rolling Stone 's list of the "500 Greatest Albums of All Time", the highest entry by a female artist. [2] It was also voted number 24 in the third edition of Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums (2000). In July 2017, Blue was chosen by NPR as the greatest album of all time made by a woman. [3]

History

Despite the success of her first three albums and songs like "Woodstock", January 1970 saw Mitchell make a decision to break from performing. In early spring 1970, she set off on a vacation around Europe. [4] While on the island of Crete and staying in Matala, she wrote some of the songs that appear on Blue. [5] This journey was the backdrop for the songs "Carey" and "California"—"Carey" was inspired by her relationship with an American named Cary Raditz, who was the "redneck on a Grecian Isle" in "California". [6] Some of the songs on Blue were inspired by Mitchell's 1968–1970 relationship with Graham Nash. [7] Their relationship was already troubled when she left for Europe, and it was while she was on Formentera that she sent Nash the telegram that let him know that their relationship was over. [7] The songs "My Old Man" [7] and "River" [8] are thought to be inspired by their relationship.

Another pivotal experience in Mitchell's life that drove the emergence of the album was her relationship with James Taylor. [9] She had begun an intense relationship with Taylor by the summer of 1970, visiting him on the set of the movie Two-Lane Blacktop , the aura of which is referred to in "This Flight Tonight". [10] The songs "Blue" and "All I Want" have specific references to her relationship with Taylor, such as a sweater that she knitted for him at the time and his heroin addiction. During the making of Blue in January 1971, they were still very much in love and involved. [11] By March, Taylor's fame had exploded, causing friction. She was reportedly devastated when he broke off the relationship. [12]

The album was almost released in a somewhat different form. In March 1971, completed masters for the album were ready for production. Originally, there were three old songs that had not found their way onto any of her previous albums. At the last minute, Mitchell decided to remove two of the three so that she could add the new songs "All I Want" and "The Last Time I Saw Richard". "Little Green", composed in 1967, was the only old song that remained. The two songs removed were:

In 1979 Mitchell reflected, "The Blue album, there's hardly a dishonest note in the vocals. At that period of my life, I had no personal defenses. I felt like a cellophane wrapper on a pack of cigarettes. I felt like I had absolutely no secrets from the world and I couldn't pretend in my life to be strong. Or to be happy. But the advantage of it in the music was that there were no defenses there either." [13]

Mitchell continued to use alternate tunings on her guitar to allow easier access to augmented chords and notes in unexpected combinations. [14] Due to the stark and bare revelations in the album, when it was first played for Kris Kristofferson he is reported to have commented, "Joni! Keep something to yourself!" [15]

Critical reception and legacy

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
About.com Star full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svg [16]
AllMusic Star full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svg [17]
Christgau's Record Guide A [18]
Encyclopedia of Popular Music Star full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svg [19]
MusicHound Star full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svg [20]
Pitchfork 10/10 [21]
Rolling Stone favorable [22]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide Star full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svg [23]
SputnikmusicStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svg [24]

Today, Blue is generally regarded by music critics as one of the greatest albums of all time, with Mitchell's songwriting and compositions being frequent areas of praise. In January 2000, The New York Times chose Blue as one of the 25 albums that represented "turning points and pinnacles in 20th-century popular music". [25]

Jason Ankeny of AllMusic describes Blue as "the quintessential confessional singer/songwriter album". Praising the songs as "raw nerves, tales of love and loss etched with stunning complexity", Ankeny concludes writing "Unrivaled in its intensity". The writers of Pitchfork gave the album a perfect 10-out-of-10 rating, calling it "possibly the most gutting break-up album ever made". [21]

Blue was included in the 2018 edition of Robert Dimery's book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die . [26]

Accolades

Accolades for Blue
PublicationCountryAccoladeYearRank
Consequence of Sound United StatesThe 100 Greatest Albums of All Time [27] 200728
Entertainment Weekly Greatest Albums Ever [28] 201311
Kitsap Sun Top 200 Albums of Last 40 Years [29] 200557
Paste The 70 Best Albums of the 1970s [30] 201221
Pitchfork The 100 Best Albums of the 1970s [31] 200486
Radio WXPN Greatest Albums [32] 200513
Rolling Stone 50 Essential Female Albums [33] 20022
The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time [34] [35] 201230
20203
Top 100 Albums of Last 20 Years [36] 198746
Women Who Rock: The 50 Greatest Albums of All Time [37] 20122
Stylus Magazine Top Albums of All Time [38] 2004109
Time Top 100 Albums of All Time [39] 2006N/A
VH1 100 Greatest Albums of Rock and Roll Era [40] 200114
Vibe Essential Albums of the 20th Century [41] 1999N/A
Mojo United KingdomThe 100 Greatest Albums Ever Made [42] 199618
The 100 Records That Changed the World[ citation needed ]200565
NME 101 Albums To Hear Before You Die [43] 2014N/A
All Times Top 100 Albums [44] 197467
The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time [45] 201363
Q The 50 Best Albums of 70s [46] 199823
The Guardian Top 100 Best Albums Ever [47] 199735
The Observer The 50 Albums That Changed Music [48] 200614
The Times The 100 Albums of All Time [49] 199326
Uncut 200 Greatest Albums of All Time [50] 201633
ChartAttack CanadaTop 100 Canadian Albums of All Time [51] 19963
Top 50 Canadian Albums of All Time[ citation needed ]20001

Commercial performance

The album was a commercial success. In Canada, the album peaked at number nine on the Canadian RPM Albums Chart. In the United Kingdom, the album peaked at number three on the UK Albums Chart and has been certified double platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) for sales over of 600,000 copies in the UK. In the US, the album peaked at number 15 on the Billboard 200 chart. The album was later certified platinum for sales over a million copies. The single "Carey" reached number 93 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. In 2021, Blue peaked at number 1 on iTunes, 50 years to the day after its release. It also became the number 1 Audio CD on Amazon. [52] [53]

Track listing

All tracks are written by Joni Mitchell.

Side one

  1. "All I Want" – 3:34
  2. "My Old Man" – 3:34
  3. "Little Green" – 3:27
  4. "Carey" – 3:02
  5. "Blue" – 3:05

Side two

  1. "California" – 3:51
  2. "This Flight Tonight" – 2:51
  3. "River" – 4:04
  4. "A Case of You" – 4:22
  5. "The Last Time I Saw Richard" – 4:15

Personnel

According to the liner notes: [54]

Charts

Chart performance for Blue
Chart (1971)Peak
position
Canada Top Albums/CDs ( RPM ) [55] 9
Norwegian Albums (VG-lista) [56] 24
UK Albums (OCC) [57] 3
US Billboard 200 [58] 15
2019 chart performance for Blue
Chart (2019)Peak
position
US Top Tastemaker Albums (Billboard) [59] 24
2021 chart performance for Blue
Chart (2021-2022)Peak
position
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders) [60] 44
Hungarian Albums (MAHASZ) [61] 23
Scottish Albums (OCC) [62] 30
US Folk Albums (Billboard) [63] 5
US Top Rock Albums (Billboard) [64] 46

Certifications

Certifications for Blue
RegionCertification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA) [65] Gold35,000^
United Kingdom (BPI) [66] 2× Platinum600,000^
United States (RIAA) [67] Platinum1,000,000^

^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

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  54. ↑ Blue (LP liner notes). Joni Mitchell. US: Reprise Records. 1971. MS 2038.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
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  65. ↑ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2003 Albums" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association.
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