A civil list is a list of individuals to whom money is paid by the government, typically for service to the state or as honorary pensions. It is a term especially associated with the United Kingdom and its former colonies of Canada, India, New Zealand, Singapore and many more. It was originally defined as expenses supporting the monarch. Denmark also maintains a similar civil list that supports their crown.
In many states with political systems derived from the Westminster system, a consolidated fund or consolidated revenue fund is the main bank account of the government. General taxation is taxation paid into the consolidated fund, and general spending is paid out of the consolidated fund.
The Crown Estate is a collection of lands and holdings in the United Kingdom belonging to the British monarch as a corporation sole, making it "the sovereign's public estate", which is neither government property nor part of the monarch's private estate. The Crown Estate in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland is managed by the Crown Estate Commissioners. In Scotland, the Crown Estate is managed by Crown Estate Scotland, since the Scottish estate was devolved in 2017.
Pensions in the United Kingdom, whereby United Kingdom tax payers have some of their wages deducted to save for retirement, can be categorised into three major divisions - state, occupational and personal pensions.
The Tenures Abolition Act 1660, sometimes known as the Statute of Tenures, was an Act of the Parliament of England which changed the nature of several types of feudal land tenure in England. The long title of the Act was An Act takeing away the Court of Wards and Liveries, and Tenures in Capite, and by Knights-service, and Purveyance, and for settling a Revenue upon his Majesty in Lieu thereof.
The Quarter Sessions Act 1837 was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, signed into law on 23 December 1837. In order to remove doubts which existed on the subject, it enacted that juries could be summoned to attend adjourned quarter sessions.
The Houses of Parliament Act 1837 was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, signed into law on 23 December 1837. It made a number of miscellaneous provisions to give the Commissioners of Woods, Forests, Land Revenues, Works and Buildings power to purchase land and buildings necessary to prepare the site for the reconstruction of the Palace of Westminster.
The Parsonages (Amendment) Act 1838 was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, signed into law on 4 July 1838. It amended the Parsonages Act 1838, passed that May, by correcting a verbal omission in section 7.
The Fires Prevention Act 1838 or the Fires Prevention (Metropolis) Act 1838 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It amended the provisions of the Fires Prevention Act 1785, which related to manufactories of tar, pitch and turpentine, by enacting that the penalty of £100 inflicted to the owners or occupiers of such buildings by that Act would only be applied when the building was within 75 feet of another building. If the adjacent building was occupied by the same tenant, and the whole premises were more than 75 feet from any other building, the penalty would not apply. It also established that no person would be liable for any penalties under that Act until January 1839, with proprietors or occupiers of such buildings remaining exempt until August 1840.
The Debtors (Scotland) Act 1838, sometimes the Personal Diligence Act, was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, signed into law on 16 August 1838. It amended the law of Scotland in matters relating to personal diligence - how the person or property of a debtor could be secured - arrestments and poindings. The effect was to simplify the form of proceedings and reduce their expense.
The Criminal Lunatics (Ireland) Act 1838 was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, signed into law on 11 June 1838. It was one of the Lunacy (Ireland) Acts 1821 to 1890.
The Vagrancy Act 1838 was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom. It amended the Vagrancy Act 1824 to provide that any person discharged from custody pending an appeal against a conviction under that Act who did not then reappear to prosecute the appeal could be recommitted. It also provided that the penalty established by that Act for exposing indecent prints in a street or highway would extend to those who exposed the same material in any part of a shop or house.
The Grand Jury (Ireland) Act 1838 was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, signed into law on 27 July 1838. It established that bills of indictment laid before grand juries should be endorsed with the names of the witnesses, and empowered the juries to administer oaths or affirmations to the witnesses, which were to be taken under the normal penalties of perjury for falsehood.
The West Indian Prisons Act 1838 was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, signed into law on 4 August 1838.
The Railways Act 1838 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which received royal assent on 14 August 1838. It required the transport of the Royal Mail by railways at a standardised fee.
The Quakers and Moravians Act 1838 was an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom, signed into law on 10 August 1838. Prior to this Act, Quakers and Moravians had been able to give an affirmation in lieu of an oath where one was required; for example, when giving evidence in court. This Act extended that privilege to those who were previously members of these groups and had seceded from them, retaining the conscientious objection to oaths. Any person choosing to make an affirmation under this Act was required to give a declaration to that extent, and would remain subject to the normal penalties of perjury for falsehood.
The Isle of Man Purchase Act 1765, also known as the Act of Revestment, purchased the feudal rights of the Dukes of Atholl as Lords of Man over the Isle of Man, and revested them into the British Crown.
The Royal Assent by Commission Act 1541 was an Act of the Parliament of England, passed in 1542, which attainted Queen Catherine Howard for adultery, thereby authorising her execution. It also provided that all of Queen Catherine's assets were to be forfeited to the Crown while also creating a new method in which royal assent could be granted to legislation.
The finances of the British royal family come from a number of sources. The British government supports the monarch and some of his family financially by means of the Sovereign Grant, which is intended to meet the costs of the sovereign's official expenditures. This includes the costs of the upkeep of the various royal residences, staffing, travel and state visits, public engagements, and official entertainment. Other sources of income include revenues from the Duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall, income from assets of other trusts, income from private investments, and a parliamentary annuity.
The Hackney Carriages, Metropolis Act 1838 regulated and set up a licensing system for hackney carriages in London, namely the Office of the Registrar of Metropolitan Public Carriages
