Company of Watermen and Lightermen

Last updated

The Company of Watermen and Lightermen's arms comprises fish and cross keys, supported by a merman and mermaid, and motto in old orthography "All Worship be to God only" Company of Watermen and Lightermen arms.jpg
The Company of Watermen and Lightermen's arms comprises fish and cross keys, supported by a merman and mermaid, and motto in old orthography "All Worship be to God only"

The Company of Watermen and Lightermen (CWL) is a historic City guild in the City of London. However, unlike the city's 111 livery companies, CWL does not have a grant of livery. Its meeting rooms are at Waterman's Hall on St Mary at Hill, London.

Contents

The role of watermen was to transfer passengers, while lightermen moved goods and cargo, between the Port of London and vessels moored in the River Thames. Although modern river workers are licensed by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency, the Company continues its roles arranging apprenticeships, lobbying on river matters, and organising historic annual events and ceremonies.

The company's clerk is Julie Lithgow, formerly director of the Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers.

History

Watermen's Hall, London EC3 Watermen's Hall, London.jpg
Watermen's Hall, London EC3
Thames Watermen Act 1604
Act of Parliament
Coat of Arms of England (1603-1649).svg
Long title An Acte concerninge Wherrymen and Watermen.
Citation 1 Jas. 1. c. 16
Other legislation
Repealed by Thames Watermen and Lightermen Act 1827
Status: Repealed

CWL was established in the medieval period to support and maintain rights of the river workers. The two main occupations were that of watermen and lightermen. [1] The watermen transferred passengers across and along city centre rivers and estuaries. Most notable are those on the Thames and Medway. Other rivers such as the Tyne and Dee in Wales had watermen who formed guilds in medieval times. [2] Lightermen transfer goods between ships and quays (including wharves, jetties and piers) they specifically loaded (originally 'laded') and unloaded ('alighted') the ships. Laded survives in the phrases bill of lading and fully laden) In the Port of London they overwhelmingly used flat-bottomed barges, called lighters. [2]

The King's Bargemaster and Royal Watermen are chosen from their number.

The company's centuries-spanning apprenticeship index is a popular genealogy source. [2] [3]

Annual race

The Doggett's Coat and Badge, which was first raced in 1715, is the oldest continuously-run river race. It claims to be the oldest continually staged annual sports event; [4] though single sculls replaced the original skiffs or lighters.

FW Pearces Doggets Badge FW Pearces Doggets Badge.jpg
FW Pearces Doggets Badge

The winner's prize is a watermen's red coat plus a silver badge, displaying the White Horse of Hanover and the word "Liberty", in honour of George I's coronation. Each completing contestant of the six apprentice competitors receive a miniature of a Doggett's Badge for their lapel in a ceremony at Watermen's Hall, in silver for the winner and in bronze for the others. The Fishmongers' Company sponsors the awards, rewarding the rowing clubs of the top four with tiered prizes of £1,000, £600, £400, and £200. [5]

Three public houses retain memorabilia of the race :

Swan Upping

Swan Upping is the practice by which the swans found on the river Thames between Sunbury and Abingdon are caught, ringed, and released. The skiffs used for this practice by the King's Marker of the Swans are rowed by a team of oarsmen, from the Watermen and Lightermen. [6]

The Tudor Pull

Every year the Thames Traditional Rowing Association organise a ceremony called the Tudor Pull, in which the Royal Barge Gloriana is escorted down the Thames by cutters, all crewed by the King's Barge Master and members of the Watermen & Lightermen Company. They transport 'The Stela' - a section of ancient wooden water pipe - from Hampton Court Palace to the Tower of London, where it is handed over to the Duty Governor of the Tower and the Yeoman Warders. [7] [8]

Mayoral duties

Every June, since 1381, the company holds the Knollys Rose Ceremony when a well-dressed procession presents a fresh rose to the incumbent Lord Mayor of London at his official residence, the Mansion House. [2] CWL also takes part in the annual Lord Mayor's Show.

Modern roles

Company of Watermen and Lightermen Ensign Company of Watermen and Lightermen Ensign.gif
Company of Watermen and Lightermen Ensign

CWL lobbies on river-related matters. It often works alongside the Passenger Boat Association, raising issues about jobs, legislation, and safety. The organisation negotiates with the UK government and its agencies. For example, in 2003 the Company of Watermen and Lightermen was given funding to provide assistance grants to apprentices from the riverside east London boroughs of Tower Hamlets and Newham. [2]

Charitable work

In 1975 a linked charity, Transport on Water (TOW), was founded by members and people in public life. It aims to maintain the Thames and other waterways, including the Medway, as working rivers. It has organised The Thames Barge Driving Race since 1975. [2]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Worshipful Company of Fishmongers</span> Livery company of the City of London

The Worshipful Company of Fishmongers is one of the 111 Livery Companies of the City of London, being an incorporated guild of sellers of fish and seafood in the City. The Company ranks fourth in the order of precedence of City Livery Companies, thereby making it one of the Great Twelve City Livery Companies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lord Mayor's Show</span> Annual street parade in London, England

The Lord Mayor's Show is one of the best-known annual events in London as well as one of the longest-established, dating back to the 13th century. A new lord mayor is appointed every year, and the public parade that takes place as their inauguration ceremony reflects that this was once one of the most prominent offices in England and subsequently the United Kingdom.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Swan upping</span> Annual ceremony on the River Thames

Swan upping is an annual ceremony in England in which mute swans on the River Thames are rounded up, caught, ringed, and then released.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lighterman</span> Worker who manoeuvers a barge

A lighterman is a worker who operates a lighter, a type of flat-bottomed barge, which may be powered or unpowered. In the latter case, it is usually moved by a powered tug. The term is particularly associated with the highly skilled men who operated the unpowered lighters moved by oar and water currents in the Port of London.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas Doggett</span> 17th/18th-century Irish actor

Thomas Doggett was an Irish actor. The birth date of 1640 seems unlikely. A more probable date of 1670 is given in the Encyclopædia Britannica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thames sailing barge</span> Type of commercial sailing boat

A Thames sailing barge is a type of commercial sailing boat once common on the River Thames in London. The flat-bottomed barges, with a shallow draught and leeboards, were perfectly adapted to the Thames Estuary, with its shallow waters and narrow tributary rivers. The larger barges were seaworthy vessels, and were the largest sailing vessel to be handled by just two men. The average size was about 120 tons and they carried 4,200 square feet (390 m2) of canvas sail in six working sails. The mainsail was loose-footed and set up with a sprit, and was brailed to the mast when not needed. It is sheeted to a horse, as is the foresail; they require no attention when tacking. The foresail is often held back by the mate to help the vessel come about more swiftly.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Doggett's Coat and Badge</span>

Doggett's Coat and Badge is the prize and name for the oldest continuous rowing race in the world. Up to six apprentice watermen of the River Thames in England compete for this prestigious honour, which has been held every year since 1715. The 4 mile 5 furlongs race is rowed on the River Thames upstream from London Bridge to Cadogan Pier, Chelsea, passing under a total of eleven bridges. Originally, it was raced every 1 August against the outgoing tide, in the boats used by watermen to ferry passengers across the Thames. Today it is raced at a time amenable to spectators, in September, that coincides with the incoming tide, in contemporary single sculling boats.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Heraldic badge</span> Heraldic badges

A heraldic badge, emblem, impresa, device, or personal device worn as a badge indicates allegiance to, or the property of, an individual, family or corporate body. Medieval forms are usually called a livery badge, and also a cognizance. They are para-heraldic, not necessarily using elements from the coat of arms of the person or family they represent, though many do, often taking the crest or supporters. Their use is more flexible than that of arms proper.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Waterman (occupation)</span>

A waterman is a river worker who transfers passengers across and along city centre rivers and estuaries in the United Kingdom and its colonies. Most notable are those on the River Thames and River Medway in England, but other rivers such as the River Tyne and River Dee, Wales, also had their watermen who formed guilds in medieval times. Waterman can also be a person who navigates a boat carrying passengers. These boats were often rowing boat or boats with sails. Over the years watermen acquired additional skills such as local pilotage, mooring vessels at berths, jetties, buoys, and docks, and acting as helmsman aboard large vessel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of rowing sports</span>

The history of rowing as a sport has prevailed it as one of the oldest traditions in the world. What began as a method of transport and warfare eventually became a sport with a wide following, and a part of the cultural identity of the English speaking world. Rowing in its modern form developed in England in the 1700s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Thames Barge Driving Race</span>

The Thames Barge Driving Race or Barge Race is a river-race that was set up in 1975 by a charity called The Transport On Water Association (TOW), founder members being Jack Faram, Jonnie McSweeney, Ron Livett, Don Able and Peter House, now known as the Thames Barge Driving Trust with the backing of Members of Parliament and Members of the House of Lords in the United Kingdom.

Kenneth Victor Dwan is a British former rower who competed in the Olympic Games in 1968 and 1972 and won the Wingfield Sculls six times.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">James Messenger</span> Sculling champion and ship builder (1826-1901)

James Arthur Messenger was a British sculler who was the world champion from 1854 to 1857. He served as the Queen's Bargemaster from 1862 to 1901. He resided in Teddington. In 1854 he became the Champion of the Thames which was effectively the English Sculling Championship and the World Sculling Championship. The English title gained the world status in 1876, earlier winners were retrospectively given the world champion title. In 1862 he won the famed Doggett's Coat and Badge, which claims to be the oldest sporting championship in the world. There is some confusion as to whether James Messenger who won the World Sculling Championship in 1854 is the same person, recorded as John Messenger of Cherry Garden Stairs, who won the Doggett's Coat and Badge in 1862.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal barge</span>

A royal barge is a ceremonial barge that is used by a monarch for processions and transport on a body of water.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thames Diamond Jubilee Pageant</span> Part of the Diamond Jubilee celebrations of Elizabeth II

The Thames Diamond Jubilee Pageant was a parade on 3 June 2012 of 670 boats on the Tideway of the River Thames in London as part of the celebrations of the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II. The Queen, Prince Philip and other members of the Royal Family were aboard vessels that took part in the parade. The parade was organised by the Thames Diamond Jubilee Foundation, and funded by private donations and sponsorship. The pageant master was Adrian Evans.

<i>SB Kitty</i> (1895)

Kitty is a wooden Thames sailing barge in the bowsprit class of 65 tons. She was built in Harwich in 1895. She is No. 209 on the National Historic Ships Register.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Knollys Rose Ceremony</span>

The Knollys Rose Ceremony is an annual event led by the Company of Watermen and Lightermen. The ceremony dates to 1381 and is held each year in June. A single red rose is snipped from the garden in Seething Lane, placed on an altar cushion from All Hallows-by-the-Tower and carried in procession west to the Mansion House where it is presented to the Lord Mayor of London.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Coat & Badge, Putney</span> Pub in London

The Coat & Badge is a pub in Putney, London, England.

Knollys may refer to:

References

  1. Roger Pye is named as a lighter man, with John Maye as a water man, in 1452 ; Plea Rolls of the Court of Common Pleas; National Archives; reference: CP40/764; image seen on website: aalt.law.uh.edu as last record on http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT3/H6/CP40no764/bCP40no764dorses/IMG_1682.htm
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "The Company of Watermen and Lightermen of the River Thames|Home". Watermen and Lightermen. Archived from the original on 11 March 2016. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
  3. "Guildhall Library Manuscripts Section - Records of the Watermen & Lightermen". History.ac.uk. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
  4. "Doggett Coat and Badge Race". The Company of Watermen and Lightermen. Archived from the original on 13 March 2006.
  5. "Doggett's coat and badge, 1920. - People and places". Port Cities. 15 November 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
  6. "A Day with the Uppers". 22 July 2011.
  7. "The Tudor Pull".
  8. "The Tudor Pull". 7 January 2016.

51°30′32″N0°05′02″W / 51.509°N 0.084°W / 51.509; -0.084