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Human rights are moral principles or norms for certain standards of human behaviour and are regularly protected in municipal and international law. They are commonly understood as inalienable, fundamental rights "to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being" and which are "inherent in all human beings", regardless of their age, ethnic origin, location, language, religion, ethnicity, or any other status. They are applicable everywhere and at every time in the sense of being universal, and they are egalitarian in the sense of being the same for everyone. They are regarded as requiring empathy and the rule of law and imposing an obligation on persons to respect the human rights of others, and it is generally considered that they should not be taken away except as a result of due process based on specific circumstances.
A fair trial is a trial which is "conducted fairly, justly, and with procedural regularity by an impartial judge". Various rights associated with a fair trial are explicitly proclaimed in Article 10 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, and Article 6 of the European Convention of Human Rights, in addition to numerous other constitutions and declarations throughout the world. There is no binding international law that defines what is not a fair trial; for example, the right to a jury trial and other important procedures vary from nation to nation.
Sir Hersch Lauterpacht was a British international lawyer, human rights activist, and judge at the International Court of Justice.
Lawfare is the use of legal systems and institutions to damage or delegitimize an opponent, or to deter an individual's usage of their legal rights.
Digital rights are those human rights and legal rights that allow individuals to access, use, create, and publish digital media or to access and use computers, other electronic devices, and telecommunications networks. The concept is particularly related to the protection and realization of existing rights, such as the right to privacy and freedom of expression, in the context of digital technologies, especially the Internet. The laws of several countries recognize a right to Internet access.
Philip Geoffrey Alston is an Australian international law scholar and human rights practitioner. He is John Norton Pomeroy Professor of Law at New York University School of Law, and co-chair of the law school's Center for Human Rights and Global Justice. In human rights law, Alston has held a range of senior UN appointments for over two decades, including United Nations Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, a position he held from August 2004 to July 2010, and UN Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights from 2014-2020.
Ecocide describes the mass destruction of nature by humans. Ecocide threatens all human populations who are dependent on natural resources for maintaining ecosystems and ensuring their ability to support future generations. The Independent Expert Panel for the Legal Definition of Ecocide describes it as "unlawful or wanton acts committed with knowledge that there is a substantial likelihood of severe and either widespread or long-term damage to the environment being caused by those acts".
While belief in the sanctity of human life has ancient precedents in many religions of the world, the foundations of modern human rights began during the era of renaissance humanism in the early modern period. The European wars of religion and the civil wars of seventeenth-century Kingdom of England gave rise to the philosophy of liberalism and belief in natural rights became a central concern of European intellectual culture during the eighteenth-century Age of Enlightenment. Ideas of natural rights, which had a basis in natural law, lay at the core of the American and French Revolutions which occurred toward the end of that century, but the idea of human rights came about later. Democratic evolution through the nineteenth century paved the way for the advent of universal suffrage in the twentieth century. Two world wars led to the creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Dominic Rennie Raab is a British Conservative Party politician who has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Esher and Walton since 2010. From 2019 to 2023, with a brief period out of office during the Truss premiership, Raab was deputy to prime ministers Boris Johnson and Rishi Sunak - as First Secretary of State until 2021 then as Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom until 2023. Additionally he has served in the cabinet positions of Brexit Secretary, Foreign Secretary, Justice Secretary and Lord Chancellor.
The European Journal of International Law is a quarterly law journal covering international law in a combination of theoretical and practical approaches. It also provides coverage of the relationship between international law and European Union law. The journal was established in 1990 by a group of scholars based at the European University Institute, universities in Florence and Munich, Panthéon-Assas University, and the Michigan Law School.
Eliot Ward Higgins, who previously wrote under the pseudonym Brown Moses, is a British citizen journalist and former blogger, known for using open sources and social media for investigations. He is the founder of Bellingcat, an investigative journalism website that specialises in fact-checking and open-source intelligence. He has investigated incidents including the Syrian Civil War, the Russo-Ukrainian War, the downing of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 and the poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal. He first gained mainstream media attention by identifying weapons in uploaded videos from the Syrian conflict.
Monica Feria Tinta is a British/Peruvian barrister, a specialist in public international law, at the Bar of England & Wales. She practises from Twenty Essex, London.
Zakharov v. Russia was a 2015 court case before the European Court of Human Rights involving Roman Zakharov and the Russian Federation. The Court ruled that Russia's legal provisions governing communications surveillance did not provide adequate safeguards against arbitrariness or abuse, and that therefore a violation took place of Article 8 of the European Convention of Human Rights.
Nana Darkoa Sekyiamah is a Ghanaian feminist writer and blogger. She co-founded award-winning blog Adventures from the Bedrooms of African Women and has written for The Guardian and Open Democracy. Sekyiamah is the Director for Communications manager at the Association for Women's Rights in Development and a member of the Black Feminism Forum Working Group which organised the historic first Black Feminist Forum in Bahia, Brazil.
Linos-Alexandre Sicilianos is a Greek jurist born in Athens, Greece. He was a judge of the European Court of Human Rights in respect of Greece between 2011 and 2020.
Forstater v Centre for Global Development Europe is a UK employment and discrimination case brought by Maya Forstater against the Center for Global Development (CGD). The Employment Appeal Tribunal decided that gender-critical views are capable of being protected as a belief under the Equality Act 2010. The tribunal further clarified that this finding does not mean that people with gender-critical beliefs can express them in a manner that discriminates against trans people.
Professor Dapo Akande is a British-Nigerian academic and lawyer. Akande is a Professor of Public International Law at the University of Oxford's Blavatnik School of Government, a Fellow at Exeter College, Oxford and co-director of the Oxford Institute for Ethics, Law and Armed Conflict (ELAC). Akande was the first Black professor to be honoured with a portrait at St Peter's College, Oxford. Akande is a founding editor of EJIL:Talk!, the scholarly blog of the European Journal of International Law.
Pushback is a term that refers to "a set of state measures by which refugees and migrants are forced back over a border – generally immediately after they crossed it – without consideration of their individual circumstances and without any possibility to apply for asylum". Pushbacks violate the prohibition of collective expulsion of asylum seekers in Protocol 4 of the European Convention on Human Rights and often violate the international law prohibition on non-refoulement.
Marko Milanović is Professor of Public International Law at the School of Law of the University of Reading. He is an editor of the European Journal of International Law and its blog, EJIL: Talk!.
Opinio Juris is a blog dedicated to the informed discussion of international law by and among academics, practitioners and legal experts, published independently in cooperation with the International Commission of Jurists. The blog has been described as "the leading blog on international law" at Lawfare. It is one of the two most widely read international law blogs, together with EJIL: Talk!.
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- ↑ Knox, Robert; Tzouvala, Ntina (2021-12-09). "International Law of State Responsibility and COVID-19: An Ideology Critique". The Australian Year Book of International Law Online. 39 (1): 105–121. doi: 10.1163/26660229-03901009 . hdl: 1885/293714 . ISSN 2666-0229. Archived from the original on 2022-07-31. Retrieved 2022-07-31.
- ↑ Roberts, Anthea (2017). Is International Law International?. Oxford University Press. p. 262.
- ↑ "Strasbourg ruling may change UK's responsibilities under the Human Rights Act | Adam Wagner". the Guardian. 2011-07-04. Archived from the original on 2022-07-31. Retrieved 2022-07-31.
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- ↑ "Getting it write: best practice in academic writing". the Guardian. 2012-07-25. Archived from the original on 2022-07-31. Retrieved 2022-07-31.
- ↑ "Silence and the Use of Force in International Law". Lawfare . 2019-07-18. Archived from the original on 2024-01-13. Retrieved 2022-07-31.
- ↑ "Joint Series: Querying the Roles for Human Rights Bodies in the Interplay between International Human Rights Law and International Humanitarian Law". Lawfare . 2015-09-10. Archived from the original on 2023-10-01. Retrieved 2022-07-31.
- ↑ "A Note on Bjorge's The Evolutionary Interpretation of Treaties". EJIL: Talk!. 16 December 2014. Archived from the original on 2022-07-31. Retrieved 2022-07-31.
- ↑ "Oppenheim's International Law: United Nations". EJIL: Talk!. 16 October 2017. Archived from the original on 2022-07-31. Retrieved 2022-07-31.
- ↑ "Open Letter to my Russian Friends: Ukraine is Not Crimea". EJIL: Talk!. 3 March 2022. Archived from the original on 2022-07-31. Retrieved 2022-07-31.
- ↑ "The ILC's work on State responsibility: personal reflections". EJIL: Talk!. 2 August 2021. Archived from the original on 2022-06-28. Retrieved 2022-07-31.
- ↑ "2015 ESIL Annual Conference Final Lecture: Developments in Geopolitics – The End(s) of Judicialization?". EJIL: Talk!. 12 October 2015. Archived from the original on 2022-07-31. Retrieved 2022-07-31.
- ↑ "Rocks in the Law of the Sea: Some comments on the South China Sea Arbitration Award". EJIL: Talk!. 25 February 2021. Archived from the original on 2022-07-31. Retrieved 2022-07-31.
- ↑ "Vacancies at the ICJ: Yes, there is a special practice, and it has to cease". EJIL: Talk!. 25 October 2021. Archived from the original on 2022-12-29. Retrieved 2022-07-31.
- ↑ "CEDAW's Landmark Decision on the Criminalisation of Same Sex Conduct Between Women". EJIL: Talk!. 5 April 2022. Archived from the original on 2022-07-31. Retrieved 2022-07-31.