A far-right social centre is a space inspired by neo-fascist and Third Position ideas, typically in the 21st century.
A far-right social centre is a space inspired by neo-fascist and Third Position ideas, typically in the 21st century.
In Italy, a social centre called Il Bartolo was squatted in Rome, and was burnt down after one year. [1] In 1998, Italian neo-fascists squatted in another building in Rome at Castrense 48 and called it PortAperta. [1] In 2002 neo-fascists squatted in a building and created social centre called CasaMontag. [2] In 2003 Italian neo-fascists squatted in a building in Rome and created the Foro 753 non-conforming centre. [3] [4] [5] In 2017 members of the far-right Forza Nuova squatted commercial premises in Rome [6] and created a food kitchen only for Italian nationals, in breach of the Constitution of Italy. [7]
In 2003, Italian neo-fascists squatted in a building on Via Napoleone III on the Esquiline Hill and founded the CasaPound (the Ezra Pound's home) social centre. [8] In June 2008 CasaPound constituted an "association of social promotion" and assumed the name CasaPound Italia. [9] [10] [11] Other CasaPound squats are in Latina (Lazio region) (legalised) [12] [13] and Area 19 at via dei Monti della Farnesina 80 in Rome (evicted 2015). [14]
Social Bastion was a French neo-fascist political movement that used squatting as a tactic before being banned as a far-right organization in 2019 by the French Government. [15] Members of the student association GUD, squatted a building at 18 rue Port-du-Temps in Lyon, in May 2017. They planned it to help only poor French nationals. [16] The mayor of Lyon Gérard Collomb immediately condemned the occupation and pledged to evict it. [17] It was evicted by 100 police officers after two weeks. [18]
In 2018 local identitarians squatted house in Angers [19] and created social centre L’Alvarium. [20] In 2020 court ordered to evict it. [21] [22]
In 1990 in the territories of former GDR there were located some far-right social centres. One of them was Weilingstraße 122. The centre played the role as a political HQ, a living community and party space for young nationalists. [23] In the 21st century german nationalists, inspired by CasaPound trying again to create their own social centres. [24] In 2019 political party The Third Path owned the building in Plauen [25] and created legal social centre P130. [26] [27]
In Spain, Hogar Social Madrid, also known as Hogar Social Ramiro Ledesma (the Ramiro Ledesma Social Home) was squatted in the Tetuán district in Madrid in August 2014. [28] It was quickly evicted the next month and the group then occupied a building in Chamberí. [29] Some members of the group then split off and attacked the second building, which was also evicted. [30] [31]
In 2014, during the Revolution of Dignity Ukrainian nationalists occupied a building in Kyiv city centre and used it as the headquarters of the Azov Battalion and later Cossack House (Ukrainian : Козацький Дім). [32]
National Alliance was a national conservative political party in Italy. It was the successor of the Italian Social Movement (MSI), a neo-fascist party founded in 1946 by former followers of Benito Mussolini that had moderated its policies over its last decades and finally distanced itself from its former ideology, a move known as post-fascismo, during a convention in Fiuggi by dissolving into the new party in 1995.
Groupe Union Défense, better known as GUD, is a French far-right students' union formed in the 1960s. After a period of inactivity it relaunched in 2022.
The Social Movement Tricolour Flame, commonly known as Tricolour Flame, is a neo-fascist political party in Italy.
New Force is an Italian neo-fascist political party. It was founded by Roberto Fiore and Massimo Morsello. The party is a member of the Alliance for Peace and Freedom and was a part of the Social Alternative from 2003 to 2006. The party has often been strongly criticized for its radical positions and for acts of violence involving some militants. It was also the protagonist of political campaigns opposed to same-sex marriage and immigration to Italy.
Roberto Fiore is an Italian politician and the leader of the party Forza Nuova, convicted in Italy for subversion and armed gang activity and for his links to the right wing terrorist organization "Terza posizione". He self-identifies as a neo-fascist.
Paolo Emilio Taviani was an Italian political leader, economist, and historian of the career of Christopher Columbus. He was a partisan leader in Liguria, a Gold Medal of the Italian resistance movement, then a member of the Consulta and the Constituent Council, later of the Italian Parliament from 1948 until his death. Several times minister in the Republic’s governments. He was author of studies on economics and important works on Christopher Columbus, University professor and journalist.
The People of Freedom was a centre-right political party in Italy. The PdL launched by Silvio Berlusconi as an electoral list, including Forza Italia and National Alliance, on 27 February for the 2008 Italian general election. The list was later transformed into a party during a party congress on 27–29 March 2009. The party's leading members included Angelino Alfano, Renato Schifani, Renato Brunetta, Roberto Formigoni, Maurizio Sacconi, Maurizio Gasparri, Mariastella Gelmini, Antonio Martino, Giancarlo Galan, Maurizio Lupi, Gaetano Quagliariello, Daniela Santanchè, Sandro Bondi, and Raffaele Fitto.
Self-managed social centres in Italy exist in many cities. They are part of different left-wing political networks including anarchist, communist, socialist, and autonomist. The centres tend to be squatted and provide self-organised, self-financing spaces for alternative and noncommercial activities such as concerts, exhibitions, farmers' markets, infoshops, and migrant initiatives. Over time, some but not all projects have opted to legalize their status.
The Tambroni Cabinet was the 15th cabinet of the Italian Republic led by the Christian Democrat Fernando Tambroni. It lasted from 25 March to 26 July 1960. The government received the necessary vote of confidence from the parliament thanks to the support of the neo-fascist Italian Social Movement (MSI), a unique case in the history of the Italian Republic. Tambroni's brief government was heavily criticized by the Italian left.
Giorgia Meloni is an Italian politician who has been serving as the prime minister of Italy since October 2022, the first woman to hold this position. A member of the Chamber of Deputies since 2006, she has led the Brothers of Italy (FdI) political party since 2014, and she has been the president of the European Conservatives and Reformists Party since 2020.
The Acca Larentia killings, also known in Italy as the Acca Larentia massacre, were a double homicide that occurred in Rome on 7 January 1978. The attack was claimed by the self-described Nuclei Armati per il Contropotere Territoriale. Members of militant far-left groups were charged but acquitted, and the culprits were never identified.
Antonio Pennacchi was an Italian writer, winner of the Strega Prize in 2010 for his novel, Canale Mussolini.
Enzo Giudici was an Italian academic who specialized in French Renaissance literature, particularly Louise Labé and Maurice Scève. Giudici was also a publicist often compared with fascism.
CasaPound Italia is an Italian neo-fascist movement. It was formerly a political party, born as a network of far-right social centres arising from the occupation of a state-owned building by squatters in the neighborhood of Esquilino in Rome on 26 December 2003. Subsequently, CasaPound spread with other instances of squatting, demonstrations and various initiatives, becoming a political movement.
Brothers of Italy is a national-conservative and right-wing populist political party in Italy, the country's largest after the 2022 Italian general election. The party is led by Giorgia Meloni, the incumbent Prime Minister of Italy. According to observers, Meloni's has been the "most right-wing" republican government, thus since World War II.
In 2013, protests occurred in many parts of Italy, starting on 15 November and ending on 18 December although several protests continued until February.
Us with Salvini was a populist political party in Italy. The party, founded by Matteo Salvini on 19 December 2014, was the sister party of Lega Nord (LN) for southern Italy, Lazio, and Sardinia.
Sovereignty, was a nationalist political party in Italy. It is a part of the neo-fascist organization CasaPound.
National Action was a conservative political party in Italy.
Italexit for Italy, usually referred to simply as Italexit, is a hard Eurosceptic political party in Italy, which advocates the country's exit from the eurozone and the European Union. Its founder is Gianluigi Paragone, former senator and TV journalist, who has defined himself as a "conservative", and presented Italexit as a "conservative party". Paragone opposes Italy's membership in the NATO alliance.
Le gouvernement dissout le Bastion social et six de ses antennes