Football at the 1936 Summer Olympics

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1936 Men's Olympic Football Tournament
Tournament details
Host countryFlag of Germany (1935-1945).svg  Germany
Dates3–15 August 1936
Teams16 (from 4 confederations)
Venue(s)4 (in 1 host city)
Final positions
ChampionsFlag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy (1st title)
Runners-upFlag of Austria.svg  Austria
Third placeFlag of Norway.svg  Norway
Fourth placeFlag of Poland (1928-1980).svg  Poland
Tournament statistics
Matches played16
Goals scored78 (4.88 per match)
Attendance507,469 (31,717 per match)
Top scorer(s)Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg Annibale Frossi (7 goals)
1928
1948

Football at the 1936 Summer Olympics was won by Italy. After the introduction of the first FIFA World Cup in 1930 (which had, in itself led to the absence of a football tournament from the 1932 Games programme), competing nations would from now on only be permitted to play their best players if those players were amateur or (where national associations were assisted by interested states to traverse such a rule) where professional players were state-sponsored. [1] [2] However, since amateur players were counted as senior squad players, their results would be still counted as senior side's results until 1992.

Contents

Venues

Berlin Berlin
Olympic Stadium Gesundbrunnen Stadium
Capacity: 100,000Capacity: 35,239
Bundesarchiv Bild 183-R82532, Berlin, Olympia-Stadion (Luftaufnahme).jpg Hertha BSC Plumpe.jpg
Berlin Berlin
Post Stadium Mommsen Stadium
Capacity: 45,000Capacity: 15,005
Poststadion main stand far.jpg WestendMommsenstadion-4.JPG

Squads

Medalists

GoldSilverBronze
Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy  (ITA)
Bruno Venturini
Alfredo Foni
Pietro Rava
Giuseppe Baldo
Achille Piccini
Ugo Locatelli
Annibale Frossi
Libero Marchini
Luigi Scarabello
Carlo Biagi
Giulio Cappelli
Sergio Bertoni
Alfonso Negro
Francesco Gabriotti
Flag of Austria.svg  Austria  (AUT)
Franz Fuchsberger
Max Hofmeister
Eduard Kainberger
Karl Kainberger
Martin Kargl
Josef Kitzmüller
Anton Krenn
Ernst Künz
Adolf Laudon
Franz Mandl
Klement Steinmetz
Karl Wahlmüller
Walter Werginz
Flag of Norway.svg  Norway  (NOR)
Henry Johansen
Fredrik Horn
Nils Eriksen
Frithjof Ulleberg
Jørgen Juve
Rolf Holmberg
Sverre Hansen
Magnar Isaksen
Alf Martinsen
Reidar Kvammen
Arne Brustad
Øivind Holmsen
Odd Frantzen
Magdalon Monsen

Final tournament

Peruvian goalkeeper Juan Valdivieso reaches out for the football during match between Austria and Peru Peru v Austria 1936 Valdivieso.png
Peruvian goalkeeper Juan Valdivieso reaches out for the football during match between Austria and Peru

The Italians, winners against the Austrians at the 1934 World Cup now found the Olympic side, with ten changes, a completely different proposition. The Azzurri included players such as Alfredo Foni, Pietro Rava and Ugo Locatelli, who would all play in their World Cup victory in Paris. This was something more than Sweden managed in their tie with Japan the next day in Berlin. Two-nil up within 45 minutes, their loss was recorded by the Swedish commentator, Sven Jerring, calling “Japanese, Japanese, Japanese, Japanese all over” (Japaner, japaner, japaner, överallt japaner) during the final minutes as the Japanese defenders held out to run out as winners 3–2. It marked the first time an Asian side had participated in either the World Cup or Olympic Games football competition and the first time an Asian side emerged victorious. Their neighbours, China, lost 0–2 to Great Britain on the next day. Otherwise there were wins for Peru and the hosts, 9–0 versus Luxembourg.

First round

Italy  Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg1–0Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States
Frossi Soccerball shade.svg58' Report
Berlin Poststadion
Attendance: 9,000
Referee: Carl Weingartner (GER)

Norway  Flag of Norway.svg4–0Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey
Martinsen Soccerball shade.svg30', 70'
Brustad Soccerball shade.svg53'
Kvammen Soccerball shade.svg80'
Report
Berlin Mommsenstadion
Attendance: 8,000
Referee: Giuseppe Scarpi (ITA)

Japan  Flag of Japan (1870-1999).svg3–2Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden
Kawamoto Soccerball shade.svg49' [3]
Ukon Soccerball shade.svg62'
Matsunaga Soccerball shade.svg85'
Report Persson Soccerball shade.svg24', 37'
Berlin Hertha-BSC-Platz
Attendance: 5,000
Referee: Wilhelm Peters (GER)

Germany  Flag of Germany (1935-1945).svg9–0Flag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg
Urban Soccerball shade.svg16', 54', 75'
Simetsreiter Soccerball shade.svg32', 48', 74'
Gauchel Soccerball shade.svg49', 89'
Elbern Soccerball shade.svg76'
Report
Berlin Poststadion
Attendance: 12,000
Referee: Pál von Hertzka (HUN)

Poland  Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg3–0Flag of Hungary (1915-1918, 1919-1946).svg  Hungary
Gad Soccerball shade.svg12', 27'
Wodarz Soccerball shade.svg88'
Report
Berlin Poststadion
Attendance: 5,000
Referee: Raffaele Scorzoni (ITA)

Austria  Flag of Austria.svg3–1Flag of Egypt (1922-1958).svg  Egypt
Steinmetz Soccerball shade.svg4', 65'
Laudon Soccerball shade.svg7'
Report Sakr Soccerball shade.svg85'
Berlin Mommsenstadion
Attendance: 6,000
Referee: Arthur James Jewell (GBR)

Peru  Flag of Peru (1884-1950).svg7–3Flag of Finland.svg  Finland
Fernández Soccerball shade.svg17', 33', 47', 49', 70'
Villanueva Soccerball shade.svg21', 67'
Report Kanerva Soccerball shade.svg42' (pen.)
Grönlund Soccerball shade.svg75'
Larvo Soccerball shade.svg80'
Berlin Hertha-BSC-Platz
Attendance: 2,500
Referee: Rinaldo Barlassina (ITA)

Great Britain  Flag of the United Kingdom.svg2–0Flag of the Republic of China.svg  China
Dodds Soccerball shade.svg55'
Finch Soccerball shade.svg65'
Report [4]
Mommsenstadion, Berlin
Attendance: 8,000
Referee: Helmut Fink (GER)

Quarter-finals

The Italian squad that won the Gold Medal Italy1936 olympic.jpg
The Italian squad that won the Gold Medal

Italy defeated Japan after Pozzo's decision to include Biagi, who scored goals. The same day at the Poststadion, Berlin before a crowd that included Goebbels, Göring, Hess and Hitler, Germany were knocked out 2–0 by Norway. Goebbels wrote: "The Führer is very excited, I can barely contain myself. A real bath of nerves." Norway went on to draw with Italy in the first round of the 1938 FIFA World Cup. Germany lost 2–0 and Hitler, who had never seen a football match before, and had originally planned to watch the rowing, left early in a huff. [5]

A ball of the competitions is on display at the German Leather Museum Fussball 1936.jpg
A ball of the competitions is on display at the German Leather Museum

The following day at the Hertha Platz, Austria played Peru. The match was highly contested, and the game went into overtime when the Peruvians drew with the Austrians after being two goals behind. Peru 'scored' five goals during extra time, of which three were disallowed by the referee, and won 4–2. [6] [7] The Austrians demanded a rematch on the grounds that Peruvian fans had stormed the field, and because the field did not meet the requirements for a football game. [7] [8] Austria further claimed that the Peruvian players had manhandled the Austrian players and that spectators, one holding a revolver, had "swarmed down on the field." [9] Peru was notified of this situation, and they attempted to go to the assigned meeting but were delayed by a German parade. [7] In the end, the Peruvian defence was never heard, and the Olympic Committee and FIFA sided with the Austrians. The rematch was scheduled to be replayed behind closed doors on 10 August, and later rescheduled to be taken on 11 August. [8] [9]

As a sign of protest against these actions, which the Peruvians deemed as insulting and discriminatory, the complete Olympic delegations of Peru and Colombia left Germany. [10] [11] Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, and Mexico expressed their solidarity with Peru. [9] Michael Dasso, a member of the Peruvian Olympic Committee, stated: "We've no faith in European athletics. We have come here and found a bunch of merchants." [12] The game was awarded to Austria by default. [9] In Peru, angry crowds protested against the decisions of the Olympic Committee by tearing down an Olympic flag, throwing stones at the German consulate, refusing to load German vessels in the docks of Callao, and listening to inflammatory speeches, which included President Oscar Benavides Larrea's mention of "the crafty Berlin decision." [9] To this day, it is not known with certainty what exactly happened at Germany, but it is popularly believed that Adolf Hitler and the Nazi authorities might have had some involvement in this situation. [11]

In the last of the quarter-finals Poland, assisted by their forward, Hubert Gad, played out a nine-goal party to defeat the British side; at one time they were 5–1 to the better. The Casual's Bernard Joy scored two as Britain fought back gamely but they ran out of time. Prior to the Games Daniel Pettit received a letter from the Football Association which dealt mostly with the uniform he would wear. As he explained to the academic Rachel Cutler there was a handwritten PS that said: 'As there is a month to go before we leave for Berlin kindly take some exercise.' Pettit ran around his local park. [5]

Italy  Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg8–0Flag of Japan (1870-1999).svg  Japan
Frossi Soccerball shade.svg14', 75', 80'
Biagi Soccerball shade.svg32', 57', 81', 82'
Cappelli Soccerball shade.svg89'
Report
Berlin Mommsenstadion
Attendance: 8,000
Referee: Otto Ohlsson (SWE)

Germany  Flag of Germany (1935-1945).svg0–2Flag of Norway.svg  Norway
Report Isaksen Soccerball shade.svg7', 83'
Berlin Poststadion
Attendance: 55,000
Referee: Arthur Willoughby Barton (GBR)

Poland  Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg5–4Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  Great Britain
Gad Soccerball shade.svg33'
Wodarz Soccerball shade.svg43', 48', 53'
Piec Soccerball shade.svg56'
Report Clements Soccerball shade.svg26'
Shearer Soccerball shade.svg71'
Joy Soccerball shade.svg78', 80'
Berlin Poststadion
Attendance: 6,000
Referee: Rudolf Eklow (SWE)

Peru  Flag of Peru (1825-1884).svg 4–2 (a.e.t.)Flag of Austria.svg  Austria
Alcalde Soccerball shade.svg75'
Villanueva Soccerball shade.svg81', 117'
Fernández Soccerball shade.svg119'
Report Werginz Soccerball shade.svg23'
Steinmetz Soccerball shade.svg37'
Berlin Hertha-BSC Platz
Attendance: 5,000
Referee: Thoralf Kristiansen (NOR)

Walkover for Austria.

Semi-finals

Norway  Flag of Norway.svg1–2 (a.e.t.)Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy
Brustad Soccerball shade.svg58' Report Negro Soccerball shade.svg15'
Frossi Soccerball shade.svg96'
Berlin Olympic Stadium (Berlin)
Attendance: 95,000
Referee: Pál von Hertzka (HUN)

Austria  Flag of Austria.svg3–1Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg  Poland
Kainberger Soccerball shade.svg14'
Laudon Soccerball shade.svg55'
Mandl Soccerball shade.svg88'
Report Gad Soccerball shade.svg73'
Berlin Olympic Stadium (Berlin)
Attendance: 82,000
Referee: Arthur Willoughby Barton (GBR)

Bronze medal match

Norway  Flag of Norway.svg3–2Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg  Poland
Brustad Soccerball shade.svg15', 21', 84' Report Wodarz Soccerball shade.svg5'
Peterek Soccerball shade.svg24' (pen.)
Berlin Olympic Stadium (Berlin)
Attendance: 95,000
Referee: Alfred Birlem (GER)

Final (gold medal match)

In the final, Italy overcame Austria in a match refereed by Peco Bauwens. Frossi scored again for the Azzurri. Kainberger equalised for Austria before Frossi got the winner for Italy just as extra time got underway.

Italy  Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg2–1 (a.e.t.)Flag of Austria.svg  Austria
Frossi Soccerball shade.svg70', 92' Report Kainberger Soccerball shade.svg79'
Berlin Olympic Stadium (Berlin)
Attendance: 85,000
Referee: Peco Bauwens (Germany)

Bracket

 
Round of 16Quarter-finalsSemi-finalsFinal
 
              
 
4 August – Berlin
 
 
Flag of Germany (1935-1945).svg  Germany 9
 
7 August – Berlin
 
Flag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg 0
 
Flag of Germany (1935-1945).svg  Germany 0
 
3 August – Berlin
 
Flag of Norway.svg  Norway 2
 
Flag of Norway.svg  Norway 4
 
10 August – Berlin
 
Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey 0
 
Flag of Norway.svg  Norway 1
 
3 August – Berlin
 
Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy (a.e.t.)2
 
Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy 1
 
7 August – Berlin
 
Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States 0
 
Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy 8
 
4 August – Berlin
 
Flag of Japan (1870-1999).svg  Japan 0
 
Flag of Japan (1870-1999).svg  Japan 3
 
15 August – Berlin
 
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 2
 
Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy (a.e.t.)2
 
6 August – Berlin
 
Flag of Austria.svg  Austria 1
 
Flag of Peru (1884-1950).svg  Peru 7
 
8 August – Berlin
 
Flag of Finland.svg  Finland 3
 
Flag of Peru (1884-1950).svg  Peru
 
5 August – Berlin
 
Flag of Austria.svg  Austria w/o
 
Flag of Austria.svg  Austria 3
 
11 August – Berlin
 
Flag of Egypt (1922-1958).svg  Egypt 1
 
Flag of Austria.svg  Austria 3
 
5 August – Berlin
 
Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg  Poland 1 Third place
 
Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg  Poland 3
 
8 August – Berlin 13 August – Berlin
 
Flag of Hungary (1915-1918, 1919-1946).svg  Hungary 0
 
Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg  Poland 5Flag of Norway.svg  Norway 3
 
6 August – Berlin
 
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  Great Britain 4 Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg  Poland 2
 
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  Great Britain 2
 
 
Flag of the Republic of China.svg  China 0
 

Goalscorers

7 goals
6 goals
5 goals
4 goals
3 goals
2 goals
1 goal

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References

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  3. This goal belongs to Taizo Kawamoto according to this website Archived 19 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  4. English football statistics said that in this game played Daniel Pettit (instead of John Sutcliffe)
  5. 1 2 "Hitler, huffs and Kanu's 'beautiful moment' - Special reports - guardian.co.uk". www.theguardian.com. Archived from the original on 16 September 2016.
  6. Doyle, Paul (24 November 2011). "The forgotten story of … football, farce and fascism at the 1936 Olympics - Paul Doyle". the Guardian. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015.
  7. 1 2 3 "Las épocas doradas del fútbol peruano y las Olimpiadas de 1936" (PDF). Beta.upc.edu.pe (in Spanish). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 April 2011. Retrieved 14 February 2009.
  8. 1 2 "Controversia Berlín 36. Un mito derrumbado" (in Spanish). Larepublica.com.pe. Archived from the original on 22 March 2009. Retrieved 15 February 2009.
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  10. "BERLIN, 1936...¡ITALIA CAMPIONE!". 4 July 2007. Archived from the original on 4 July 2007.
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