HD 141569

Last updated
HD 141569
HD 141569 Hubble WikiSky.jpg
HD 141569 and its two companions taken by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2002
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0       Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Libra
Right ascension 15h 49m 57.7483s [1]
Declination −03° 55′ 16.342″ [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)7.12 [2]
Characteristics
Spectral type A2 Ve
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ)RA: −17.420(31)  mas/yr [1]
Dec.: −19.113(26)  mas/yr [1]
Parallax (π)8.9597 ± 0.0293  mas [1]
Distance 364 ± 1  ly
(111.6 ± 0.4  pc)
Details
Mass 3.1 [3]   M☉
Luminosity 24.2 [3]   L☉
Temperature 10,500 [3]   K
Age 5 million [3]  years
Other designations
BD−03° 3833, Gaia DR3  4399438153527026176, HIP  77542, SAO  140789 [4]
Database references
SIMBAD data

HD 141569 is an isolated [5] Herbig Ae/Be star [6] of spectral class A2Ve [7] approximately 364 light-years away in the constellation of Libra. The primary star has two red dwarf companions (orbiting each other) at about nine arcseconds. In 1999, a protoplanetary disk was discovered around the star. A gap in the disk led to speculation about a possible extrasolar planet forming in the disk.

Contents

In November 2019, researchers studied HD 141569A (pre-main sequence B9.5 star) and made the first polarimetric detection of the inner ring circling the star. This may help better determine essential features of planetary development. According to the researchers, "Considering resolved imaging data from other high-contrast facilities, the HD 1415169A debris disc shapes up to be made of at least three, and potentially four nested rings, with spiral structures on the three spatially resolved rings [...] As such, it is an excellent laboratory for studying dynamically perturbed discs." [8] [9]

Planetary system

The HD 141569 planetary system
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(days)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
Inner dust ring [10] 0.7–1.3 AU ——
Inner disk86 AU ——
b(unconfirmed)—225————
Outer disk250 AU ——

Protoplanetary disk

In January 1999, NASA announced a protoplanetary disk around HD 141569. The Hubble Space Telescope showed that the disk appears to come in two parts (inner and outer). It superficially resembles the largest gap in Saturn's rings (known as the Cassini division).

The vast disk is 75 billion miles across (13 times the diameter of Neptune's orbit). The inner edge of the gap is 21 billion miles from the star. The relatively narrow gap lies approximately halfway between the inner and outer edges of the disk. Though already a fully formed star, HD 141569 is relatively young, probably only 1% through its lifetime as a stable star. The star is nearly three times more massive and 22 times brighter than the Sun. [11]

HD 141569 was first identified as a source that might have a disk in 1986 as a result of observations done with the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS). Thermal radiation emitted by the warmed dust was observed in images taken in June 2016 at the W. M. Keck Observatory.

Light from the central star which was reflected from dust particles in the disk was captured by Hubble's Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) at a wavelength of 1.1 micrometres. At the distance of HD 141569, the crisp resolution of the telescope and camera combination reveals structures as small as 1 billion miles across. Dust disks surrounding newly forming stars are common, but only a small number of adult stars are known to have disks; of these, only a handful have been imaged. Astronomers believe these disks must form and/or be replenished when older rocks and debris collide and break up into small particles.

The inner disk is strongly asymmetric for reasons unknown as of 2021. [12]

About 1 AU from the star, a faint dust ring was detected in 2021. [10]

Possible planet

The gap in the disk leads to the conclusion of a protoplanet in formation around the star. The planet does not have to be in the gap, however. It could either be sweeping up the dust and rocks from the disk as it travels in its orbit around the star, or the gravity of the planet could knock the dust out of one part of the disk. [11]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AU Microscopii</span> Star in the constellation Microscopium

AU Microscopii is a young red dwarf star located 31.7 light-years away – about 8 times as far as the closest star after the Sun. The apparent visual magnitude of AU Microscopii is 8.73, which is too dim to be seen with the naked eye. It was given this designation because it is in the southern constellation Microscopium and is a variable star. Like β Pictoris, AU Microscopii has a circumstellar disk of dust known as a debris disk and at least two exoplanets, with the presence of an additional two planets being likely.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HD 107146</span> Star in the constellation Coma Berenices

HD 107146 is a star in the constellation Coma Berenices that is located about 90 light-years (28 pc) from Earth. The apparent magnitude of 7.028 makes this star too faint to be seen with the unaided eye.

HD 210277 is a single star in the equatorial constellation of Aquarius. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 6.54, which makes it a challenge to view with the naked eye, but it is easily visible in binoculars. The star is located at a distance of 69.6 light years from the Sun based on parallax, but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −20.9 km/s.

HD 38529 is a binary star approximately 138 light-years away in the constellation of Orion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HD 12039</span> Star in the constellation Cetus

HD 12039, also known as DK Ceti, is a variable star in the constellation of Cetus at a distance of 135 ly (41 pc). It is categorized as a BY Draconis variable because of luminosity changes caused by surface magnetic activity coupled with rotation of the star. The stellar classification G4V is similar to the Sun, indicating this is a main sequence star that is generating energy at its core through the thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen. The effective temperature of 5,585 K gives the star a yellow hue. It has about the same mass as the Sun, but only emits 89% of the Sun's luminosity. This is a young star with age estimates ranging from 7.5−8 million years to 30 million years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Debris disk</span> Disk of dust and debris in orbit around a star

A debris disk, or debris disc, is a circumstellar disk of dust and debris in orbit around a star. Sometimes these disks contain prominent rings, as seen in the image of Fomalhaut on the right. Debris disks are found around stars with mature planetary systems, including at least one debris disk in orbit around an evolved neutron star. Debris disks can also be produced and maintained as the remnants of collisions between planetesimals, otherwise known as asteroids and comets.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HD 70573</span> Star in the constellation Hydra

HD 70573 is a variable star in the equatorial constellation of Hydra. At a mean apparent visual magnitude of +8.7, this yellow-hued star is too dim to be visible to the naked eye. Based upon parallax measurements, it is located at a distance of 193 light years from the Sun, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of 20.5 km/s. It is a candidate member of the proposed Hercules-Lyra Association of co-moving stars, although this membership is disputed.

HD 98800, also catalogued as TV Crateris, is a quadruple star system in the constellation of Crater. Parallax measurements made by the Hipparcos spacecraft put it at a distance of about 150 light-years away. The system is located within the TW Hydrae association (TWA), and has received the designation TWA 4.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HD 100546</span> Star in the constellation Musca

HD 100546, also known as KR Muscae, is a pre-main sequence star of spectral type B8 to A0 located 353 light-years from Earth in the southern constellation of Musca. The star is surrounded by a circumstellar disk from a distance of 0.2 to 4 AU, and again from 13 AU out to a few hundred AU, with evidence for a protoplanet forming at a distance of around 47 AU.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HR 4796</span> Binary star system in the constellation Centaurus

HR 4796 is a binary star system in the southern constellation of Centaurus. Parallax measurements put it at a distance of 235 light-years from the Earth. The two components of this system have an angular separation of 7.7 arcseconds, which, at their estimated distance, is equivalent to a projected separation of about 560 Astronomical Units (AU), or 560 times the separation of the Earth from the Sun. The star and its ring resemble an eye, and it is sometimes known by the nickname "Sauron's Eye".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AB Aurigae</span> Star in the constellation Auriga

AB Aurigae is a young Herbig Ae star in the Auriga constellation. It is located at a distance of approximately 531 light years from the Sun based on stellar parallax. This pre-main-sequence star has a stellar classification of A0Ve, matching an A-type main-sequence star with emission lines in the spectrum. It has 2.4 times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 38 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 9,772 K. The radio emission from the system suggests the presence of a thermal jet originating from the star with a velocity of 300 km s−1. This is causing an estimated mass loss of 1.7×10−8 M☉ yr−1.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HD 92945</span> Star in the constellation Hydra

HD 92945 is a K-type main sequence star in the constellation of Hydra. Its apparent visual magnitude varies by 0.02 magnitudes and is approximately 7.72 at maximum brightness.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HD 139664</span> Star in the constellation Lupus

HD 139664 is a single star in the southern constellation of Lupus. It has the Bayer designation g Lupi; HD 139664 is the star's identifier from the Henry Draper Catalogue. It has a yellow-white hue and is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.64. The star is located at a distance of 57 light years from the Sun based on parallax, and it is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −7 km/s. It is a member of the Hercules-Lyra Association of co-moving stars.

HD 202628 is a single star in the southern constellation of Microscopium. It has an apparent visual magnitude of +6.7, which makes it too faint to be readily visible to the naked eye. The star is located at a distance of 77.7 light years from the Sun based on parallax, and it is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +12.1 km/s. The absolute magnitude of this star is 4.86.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nu Horologii</span> Star in the constellation Horologium

Nu Horologii, Latinized from ν Horologii, is the Bayer designation for a single star in the southern constellation of Horologium. It was catalogued by the Dutch explorer Frederick de Houtman in 1603. With an apparent visual magnitude of 5.3, this star can be seen with the naked eye from the southern hemisphere. Based upon parallax, Nu Horologii lies at a distance of 169 light-years from Earth. It is drifting closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of +31 km/s.

HD 215152 is the Henry Draper Catalogue designation for a star in the zodiac constellation of Aquarius. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 8.13, meaning it is too faint to be seen with the naked eye. Parallax measurements provide distance estimates of around 70 light years. The star has a relatively high proper motion, moving across the sky at an estimated 0.328 arc seconds per year along a position angle of 205°.

HD 219623 is a solitary star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Cassiopeia. HD 219623 is its Henry Draper Catalogue designation. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 5.59, which lies in the brightness range that is visible to the naked eye. According to the Bortle scale, it can be observed from dark suburban skies. Parallax measurements place it at an estimated distance of around 67.2 light years. It has a relatively high proper motion, advancing 262 mas per year across the celestial sphere.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PDS 70</span> T Tauri-type star in the constellation Centaurus

PDS 70 is a very young T Tauri star in the constellation Centaurus. Located 370 light-years from Earth, it has a mass of 0.76 M☉ and is approximately 5.4 million years old. The star has a protoplanetary disk containing two nascent exoplanets, named PDS 70b and PDS 70c, which have been directly imaged by the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope. PDS 70b was the first confirmed protoplanet to be directly imaged.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AK Scorpii</span> Binary star in the constellation Scorpius

AK Scorpii is a Herbig Ae/Be star and spectroscopic binary star about 459 light-years distant in the constellation Scorpius. The star belongs to the nearby Upper Centaurus–Lupus star-forming region and the star is actively accreting material. The binary is surrounded by a circumbinary disk that was imaged with VLT/SPHERE in scattered light and with ALMA.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CQ Tauri</span> Star in the constellation Taurus

CQ Tauri is a young variable star in the equatorial constellation of Taurus. It is too faint to be visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude that ranges from 8.7 to 12.25. The distance to this star is approximately 487 light years based on parallax measurements, and it is drifting further away with a radial velocity of ~23 km/s. It appears to be part of the T-association Tau 4. CQ Tauri lies close enough to the ecliptic to undergo lunar occultations.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv: 2208.00211 . Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 . S2CID   244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. ↑ Høg, E.; et al. (2000). "The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 355: L27–L30. Bibcode:2000A&A...355L..27H. doi:10.1888/0333750888/2862. ISBN   978-0333750889.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Wyatt, M. C.; et al. (July 2007), "Steady State Evolution of Debris Disks around A Stars", The Astrophysical Journal, 663 (1): 365–382, arXiv: astro-ph/0703608 , Bibcode:2007ApJ...663..365W, doi:10.1086/518404, S2CID   18883195
  4. ↑ "HD 141569". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 2023-03-05.
  5. ↑ Aarnio, Alicia N.; Weinberger, Alycia J.; Stassun, Keivan G.; Mamajek, Eric E.; James, David J. (2008). "A Survey for A Coeval, Comoving Group Associated with HD 141569". The Astronomical Journal. 136 (6): 2483. arXiv: 0809.3289 . Bibcode:2008AJ....136.2483A. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/136/6/2483. ISSN   1538-3881. S2CID   119250484.
  6. ↑ Mendigutía, I.; Oudmaijer, R. D.; Mourard, D.; Muzerolle, J. (2017-01-11). "The compact Hα emitting regions of the Herbig Ae/Be stars HD 179218 and HD 141569 from CHARA spectro-interferometry". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 464 (2): 1984–1989. arXiv: 1610.00013 . Bibcode:2017MNRAS.464.1984M. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2515. ISSN   0035-8711.
  7. ↑ Murphy, Simon J.; Corbally, Christopher J.; Gray, Richard O.; Cheng, Kwang-Ping; Neff, James E.; Koen, Chris; Kuehn, Charles A.; Newsome, Ian; Riggs, Quinlin (2015). "An Evaluation of the Membership Probability of 212 λ Boo Stars. I. A Catalogue". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia. 32: e036. arXiv: 1508.03633 . Bibcode:2015PASA...32...36M. doi:10.1017/pasa.2015.34. ISSN   1323-3580. S2CID   59405545.
  8. ↑ Starr, Michelle (2 December 2019). "Astronomers Have Detected a Familiar Feature in a Far-Away Solar System". ScienceAlert.com. Retrieved 2 December 2019.
  9. ↑ Bruzzone; et al. (2020). "Imaging the 44 au Kuiper Belt Analog Debris Ring around HD 141569A with GPI Polarimetry". The Astronomical Journal. 159 (2): 53. arXiv: 1911.11814 . Bibcode:2020AJ....159...53B. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab5d2e . S2CID   208309962.
  10. 1 2 Ganci, V.; et al. (2021), "The GRAVITY young stellar object survey", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 655: A112, arXiv: 2109.10070 , doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141103, S2CID   237581424
  11. 1 2 "Hubble Views of Dust Disks and Rings Surrounding Young Stars Yield Clues". Hubble Space Telescope . NASA. 1999-01-08. Retrieved 2008-07-13.
  12. ↑ Singh, G.; et al. (2021), "Revealing asymmetrical dust distribution in the inner regions of HD 141569", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 653: A79, arXiv: 2107.07570 , doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140319, S2CID   236034436
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.