Heather Hill | |
---|---|
Leader of Pauline Hanson's One Nation in Queensland Elections: 1998 | |
In office 21 May 1998 –13 June 1998 | |
Deputy | Ian Petersen |
Preceded by | Party created |
Succeeded by | Bill Feldman |
Leader of Pauline Hanson's One Nation in the Senate | |
In office 3 October 1998 –23 June 1999 | |
Preceded by | Office created |
Succeeded by | Len Harris |
Senator-elect for Queensland | |
In office 3 October 1998 –23 June 1999 | |
Succeeded by | Len Harris |
Personal details | |
Born | Heather Rafe 9 August 1960 London,England,United Kingdom |
Political party | Independent (since 2003) |
Other political affiliations | One Nation (1997–1999) City Country Alliance (1999–2003) |
Spouse | Ken Hill |
Children | 2 |
Occupation | Community facility manager (Ipswich Resource Centre) |
Profession | Public servant Politician |
Heather Hill (nee Rafe;born 9 August 1960) is an Australian former politician.
Heather Rafe was born in 1960 in London. In 1971 her family moved to Australia,arriving in Brisbane,Queensland on 6 October of that year. She attended school in Brisbane. In January 1981,Heather Rafe married Ken Hill,an Australian citizen,with whom she would later have two children,Joshua and Hayley.
Hill was the manager of the Family Resource Centre in Ipswich for six years from 1991. The Liberal-National coalition government withdrew funding from the centre in 1997,spurring Hill to become involved with Pauline Hanson's One Nation Party.
Hill intended to stand for election,but to do so she had to be an Australian citizen. She applied for Australian citizenship in January 1998,which was granted on 20 January. She then attended a citizenship ceremony where she was presented with a certificate after reciting the pledge of loyalty to Australia. She also applied for an Australian passport. However,she needed to travel to New Zealand for family reasons on 4 February,and because her Australian passport had not arrived by then (it was issued only the previous day,3 February),she used her British passport.
On 13 June 1998 Hill stood as the One Nation candidate for the Legislative Assembly of Queensland in the 1998 Queensland election,in the seat of Ipswich. She lost to Labor candidate David Hamill.
When the 1998 federal election was announced for 3 October,Hill was initially encouraged by Hanson to stand as the One Nation candidate for the House of Representatives in the Division of Oxley,but she declined. Instead she stood for the Senate in Queensland. Hill was the first of five One Nation candidates on the ballot paper,and she received 295,903 votes,enough to fill one quota (the required number of votes needed to be elected under the Single Transferable Vote system). Accordingly,she was declared a senator-elect,with her term due to commence on 1 July 1999.
After the election, on 18 November 1998, concerns were raised about Hill's citizenship status. She still retained her United Kingdom citizenship, and had attained dual citizenship when her Australian citizenship was granted.
The Section 44 of the Constitution of Australia prevents anyone who is a citizen of a "foreign power" from being elected to the Parliament of Australia, and there were concerns that Hill's dual citizenship could contravene this provision. On 19 November she contacted the High Commission of the United Kingdom in Brisbane, and arranged to renounce her United Kingdom citizenship. However, on 30 November her election was challenged on the basis of her dual citizenship.
On 23 June 1999 the High Court of Australia, sitting in its capacity as the Court of Disputed Returns, decided in Sue v Hill , [1] that Hill's election was invalid because, at the time of her election, she was still a citizen of the United Kingdom. [1] The case clarified for the first time that the United Kingdom had become a power foreign to Australia.
Len Harris, One Nation's number two candidate on the Senate ballot, was appointed in Hill's place, taking up his seat on 2 July 1999. Hill became Harris's advisor, having previously been appointed to One Nation's national executive. However, Hill fell out with the party after a dispute about its finances, having expressed her concern that A$2.4 million in funding was unaccounted for in financial documents. When the Queensland branch of the party defected from the national body, forming One Nation Queensland (later renamed the City Country Alliance), Hill joined them, and was sacked by Harris on 13 December 1999. The Alliance was de-registered in 2003.
Pauline Lee Hanson is an Australian politician who is the founder and leader of One Nation, a right-wing populist political party. Hanson has represented Queensland in the Australian Senate since the 2016 Federal Election.
Pauline Hanson's One Nation, also known as One Nation or One Nation Party, is a right-wing populist political party in Australia. It is led by Pauline Hanson.
David Ernest Oldfield is an Australian former politician who co-founded and was deputy leader of the Pauline Hanson's One Nation party.
The 1998 Australian federal election was held to determine the members of the 39th Parliament of Australia. It was held on 3 October 1998. All 148 seats of the House of Representatives and 40 seats of the 76-seat Senate were up for election. The incumbent centre-right Liberal/National Coalition government led by Prime Minister John Howard of the Liberal Party and coalition partner Tim Fischer of the National Party defeated the centre-left Australian Labor Party opposition led by Opposition Leader Kim Beazley, despite losing the nationwide popular and two-party preferred vote. However, the Australian Labor Party gained seats from the previous election.
Cameron Paul Thompson served as a member of the Australian House of Representatives representing the Division of Blair in Queensland. A member of the Liberal Party, he served from 1998 until 2007.
Leonard William Harris is an Australian politician who was a One Nation Senator representing the state of Queensland from 1999 until 2005. He took his seat in September 1999, after a successful challenge to the election in October 1998 of Heather Hill, on the basis that, although a naturalised Australian, she had not renounced her childhood United Kingdom citizenship and was thus ineligible to sit in the Australian Parliament.
The Division of Blair is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland.
The City Country Alliance was a short-lived Australian political party, operating exclusively in Queensland, that briefly held six Queensland state parliamentary seats. It was founded in the wake of Pauline Hanson's One Nation experiencing severe ructions in Queensland, the home state of founder Pauline Hanson.
Lockyer is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Queensland.
Sue v Hill was an Australian court case decided in the High Court of Australia on 23 June 1999. It concerned a dispute over the apparent return of a candidate, Heather Hill, to the Australian Senate in the 1998 federal election. The result was challenged on the basis that Hill was a dual citizen of the United Kingdom and Australia, and that section 44(i) of the Constitution of Australia prevents any person who is the citizen of a "foreign power" from being elected to the Parliament of Australia. The High Court found that, at least for the purposes of section 44(i), the United Kingdom is a foreign power to Australia.
Pauline's United Australia Party was an Australian political party launched by One Nation founder Pauline Hanson on 24 May 2007 after disputes within her former party led to her separation from it. It was registered by the Australian Electoral Commission on 20 September 2007.
William Bond Ingpen Flynn was an Australian politician. Born in Dorset, United Kingdom, he served as a British police officer for six years before he became an Australian citizen in 1984. He remained a policeman, serving in Brisbane, Beenleigh, Woodridge, Oxley and Beaudesert. In 2000, he was presented with a National Medal.
Larissa Joy Waters is an Australian politician. She is a member of the Australian Greens and has served as a Senator for Queensland since 2018. She previously served in the Senate from 2011 to 2017, resigning during the parliamentary eligibility crisis due to her holding Canadian citizenship in violation of Section 44 of the Constitution of Australia. Waters serves as her party's Senate leader, in office since February 2020. She previously served as co-deputy leader from May 2015 to July 2017 and again from December 2018 to June 2022.
Multiple/dual citizenship is a person’s legal status in which the person is at the one time recognised by more than one country under its nationality and citizenship law as a national or citizen of that country. There is no international convention which determines the nationality or citizenship status of a person, which is consequently determined exclusively under national laws, that often conflict with each other, thus allowing for multiple citizenship situations to arise.
The 2017 Queensland state election was held on 25 November 2017 to elect all 93 members of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland, the unicameral Parliament of Queensland.
Susan Lamb is an Australian politician. She was the member for the Division of Longman originally elected at the 2016 election on 2 July 2016 until her resignation on 10 May 2018 as a part of the 2017–18 Australian parliamentary eligibility crisis. She regained the seat on 28 July as one of five candidates to contest seats in the Super Saturday by-elections. She went to lose her seat at the 2019 election, due to the swing against Labor in Queensland.
This is a list of members of the Australian Senate following the 2016 Australian federal election held on 2 July 2016. The election was held as a consequence of a double dissolution in which both houses of parliament were dissolved. Ordinarily, only half of the senators terms end at each election. In this case, all 76 senators were elected. At the first sitting following the election, half of the senators representing each of the six states of Australia were allocated six-year terms to end on 30 June 2022, with the remainder allocated three-year terms to end on 30 June 2019. The terms of senators from the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory end on the day of the next federal election.
Malcolm Ieuan Roberts is an Australian politician. He is a member of One Nation and has been a Senator for Queensland since 2019. He also served in the Senate from 2016 to 2017.
Starting in July 2017, the eligibility of several members of the Parliament of Australia was questioned. Referred to by some as a "constitutional crisis", fifteen sitting politicians were ruled ineligible by the High Court of Australia or resigned pre-emptively. The situation arose from section 44(i) of the Australian Constitution, which prohibits parliamentarians from having allegiance to a foreign power, especially citizenship. On that basis, the High Court had previously held that dual citizens are ineligible for election unless they have taken "reasonable steps" to renounce the foreign citizenship before nomination.
Re Canavan; Re Ludlam; Re Waters; Re Roberts [No 2]; Re Joyce; Re Nash; Re Xenophon is a set of cases, heard together by the High Court of Australia sitting as the Court of Disputed Returns, arising from doubts as to the eligibility of a number of members of Parliament to be elected to Parliament because of section 44(i) of the Constitution.