The Communist Party of India (CPI) is the oldest communist party in India. The CPI was founded in modern-day Kanpur on 26 December 1925. Currently, it has two members in Lok Sabha and two members in Rajya Sabha. In addition, it has 22 MLAs across four states and one MLC in Bihar. It has the current ECI status of a state party in Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Manipur.
The Left Democratic Front (LDF) also known as Left Front (Kerala) is an alliance of left-wing political parties in the state of Kerala, India. It is the current ruling political alliance of Kerala, since 2016. It is one of the two major political alliances in Kerala, the other being Indian National Congress-led United Democratic Front, each of which has been in power alternately for the last four decades. LDF has won the elections to the State Legislature of Kerala in the years 1980, 1987, 1996, 2006, 2016 and had a historic re-election in 2021 where an incumbent government was re-elected for first time in 40 years. LDF has won 6 out of 10 elections since the formation of the alliance in 1980. The alliance consists of CPI(M), CPI and various smaller parties.
The Janata Dal (Secular) (transl. People Party (Secular); abbr.JD(S)) is an Indian regional political party recognised as a state party in the Indian states of Karnataka, Kerala and Arunachal Pradesh. It was founded by the former prime minister of India H. D. Deve Gowda in July 1999 as a breakaway faction from the Janata Dal.
Kerala Congress (Joseph) [Abbr. KEC(J)] was a political party in the Indian state of Kerala. It was formed in 1964. KEC(J) was the brakeless fraction of Kerala Congress Party By election commission (1964-2010) and (2021). The party merged with Kerala Congress (KEC).
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The United Democratic Front (UDF) is the Indian National Congress-led alliance of centre to centre-right political parties in the Indian state of Kerala. It is one of the two major political alliances in Kerala, the other being Communist Party of India (Marxist)-led Left Democratic Front, each of which has been in power alternately since 1980 E. K. Nayanar ministry. Most of the United Democratic Front constituents are members of the Indian National Congress-led United Progressive Alliance at pan-India level.
Kerala Congress (Mani) or KEC(M) is a state-level political party in the Indian state of Kerala, currently led by chairman Jose K. Mani. It was formed by K. M. Mani in 1979, after a split from the Kerala Congress. They are part of the LDF since October 2020.
Kerala Congress (Secular) is a registered regional political party in the Indian state of Kerala. It was a faction of Kerala Congress led by P. C. George, Eapen Varghese, and T. S. John. The party was split from Kerala Congress (M). It had been revived by T.S. John.
Muvattupuzha was a Lok Sabha constituency in Kerala.
Kurupassery Varkey Thomas, known sarcastically as Thirutha Thoma, is an Indian politician from Kumbalangi in Ernakulam district, Kerala, India. He represented Ernakulam Constituency from 2009 to 2019. He was the Minister of State in the Ministry of Agriculture and Minister of State in the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, 2nd UPA Government; a member of the Indian Parliament; and was a member of All India Congress Committee from 1984 to 2022. He is now the Special Representative of Government of Kerala at New Delhi with Cabinet rank.
Kerala Congress was a faction of Kerala Congress led by Skaria Thomas in Kerala. Kerala Congress was formerly a part of Left Democratic Front (LDF).
V. Surendran Pillai was the former minister for Ports and Youth Affairs in the government of Kerala, India. He is a vice president of Loktantrik Janata Dal Kerala State Committee.
Benny Behanan is an Indian politician from Kerala. He is a member of the Indian National Congress party who serves as Member of Parliament from Chalakudy. He was the MLA of Thrikkakara Legislative Assembly Constituency from 2011 to 2016. He was the General Secretary of the Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee for 17 years. Earlier he had won Piravom in 1982, and unsuccessfully contested the Idukki Parliament Constituency as UDF Candidate to the Lok Sabha in 2004. In 2019 General election, he won the election with a margin of 132274 votes against the LDF candidate Innocent (actor).
Kerala Congress (Thomas) or Thomas Group was a political party since 2015 to 2016 and a Kerala Congress Fraction Led by P. C. Thomas from 2016 to 2021.
Elections to the Legislative Assembly of the Indian state of Travancore-Cochin were held on 27 March 1952.
The Kerala Legislative Assembly election of 1965 was held to elect members to the third Niyamasabha. Communist Party of India (Marxist), which was the splinter faction of Communist Party of India, emerged as the largest party in the assembly with 40 seats, followed by Indian National Congress with 36. However no single party could form a ministry commanding majority and hence this election is considered abortive. On March 25, President's rule was invoked for the fourth time.
The Kerala Legislative Assembly election of 1967 was held to constitute the fourth assembly in Kerala. This election, which was held after the 1965 one ended up in no government formation, resulted in the newly formed United Front alliance forming the government, while the INC, this time contesting alone was reduced to just 9 seats. E. M. S. Namboothiripad was sworn in as the Chief Minister on 6 March 1967.
Kerala Janapaksham (Secular) was a registered political party in Kerala. It was founded by P. C. George in 2019. It had an MLA from the Poonjar constituency.
Skariah Thomas was an Indian politician, a veteran leader of Kerala congress and a former member of Loksabha from Kottayam during 1977–1984. He was the chairman of Kerala Congress faction group from 2015.
The Kerala Congress (KEC) has suffered severe divisions and several factions, and a number of parties have emerged over the years, all claiming the name Kerala Congress in various times in its history. Factions include KEC under P. J. Joseph, KEC(M) under K. M. Mani, KEC(B) under R. Balakrishna Pillai, and KEC(J) under TM Jacob.
