Leahy-class cruiser

Last updated
USS Leahy (CG-16) at sea off San Diego, in May 1978.jpg
USS Leahy (CG-16)
Class overview
NameLeahy class
BuildersSeveral
OperatorsFlag of the United States Navy (official).svg  United States Navy
Preceded by Albanyclass (as Cruiser) Farragutclass (as Destroyer Leader)
Succeeded by Belknapclass
Subclasses Bainbridgeclass
Built1959–1964
In commission1962–1995
Completed9
Active0
Retired9
General characteristics
Type Guided missile cruiser
Displacement7,800 tons (full load)
Length533 ft (162 m)
Beam55 ft (17 m)
Draft26 ft (7.9 m)
Propulsion
  • 2 × steam turbines providing 85,000 shp (63 MW); 2 shafts
  • 4 × boilers
Speed32 knots (59 km/h; 37 mph)
Range8,000 nautical miles (15,000 km; 9,200 mi) at 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph)
Sensors and
processing systems
Electronic warfare
& decoys
Armament
Aircraft carriedNone

Leahy-class cruisers were a class of guided missile cruisers built for the United States Navy. They were originally designated as Destroyer Leaders (DLG), but in the 1975 cruiser realignment they were reclassified as guided missile cruisers (CG).

Contents

They were a new "double-ender" class fitted with Terrier (later Standard ER) missile launchers fore and aft, and the first and only frigate class designed without a main gun battery for shore bombardment or ship-vs.-ship engagements—the gun armament was reduced in order to carry a larger missile load. One of the principal missions of these ships, like their predecessors the Farragutclass, was to form part of the anti-air and antisubmarine screen for carrier task forces, while also controlling aircraft from the carrier by providing vectors to assigned targets.

The ships carried over the propulsion plant of the Farragut class, fitted into a longer hull designed with a knuckled “hurricane” bow that reduced plunging in a rough sea, thus keeping the forecastle dry as needed to operate the forward missile launcher. Other features included an expanded electrical plant and increased endurance. A major design innovation was the use of "macks"—combined masts and stacks—on which the radars could be mounted without smoke interference. [1]

Description

Designed under project SCB 172 [2] :299-303, the first three ships were constructed at Bath Iron Works, the next two at New York Shipbuilding Corp, and the rest at Puget Sound Bridge and Dry Dock Company, Todd Shipyards, San Pedro, CA, San Francisco Naval Shipyard and Puget Sound Naval Shipyard.

Modernizations were accomplished between 1967 and 1972 under SCB 244 [2] :304, upgrading air warfare capabilities. Nearly all modernizations were completed at Bath Iron Works, but Leahy received the modernization at Philadelphia Naval Shipyard at a cost of $36.1 million. [3]

All Leahy-class ships were modernized again in the late 1980s New Threat Upgrade program. This program added advanced air search and track radars (AN/SPS-49 and AN/SPS-48E), updated targeting radars (AN/SPG-55), and combat direction systems. The upgrade included massive remodeling of the ship from food service space rehabilitation to a main propulsion system overhaul. [4] Entire systems were removed and replaced, for example the AN/SPS-40 air-search radar was replaced with the AN/SPS-49 air-search radar. The upgrade was also quite expensive and the ships didn't serve much longer after the modification. For example, USS Gridley (CG-21) received NTU in 1991 at a cost of $55 million, but was decommissioned in early 1994.

The Leahy class (and near sisters of the Belknapclass) were taken out of service in the early 1990s as part of the Clinton Administration's desire to reduce defense spending in light of reduced tensions with Russia. The entire class was decommissioned between 1993 and 1995, stricken from the naval register, and transferred to the Maritime Administration (MARAD) for disposal.

USS Bainbridge

USS Bainbridge (CGN-25) USS Bainbridge (DLGN-25) underway at sea on 20 September 1962 (NH 98104).jpg
USS Bainbridge (CGN-25)
USS Bainbridge (CGN-25)
Class overview
NameBainbridge class
BuildersBethlehem Steel Corporation
OperatorsFlag of the United States Navy (official).svg  United States Navy
Built1959–1962
In commission1962–1996
Completed1
Active0
Retired1
General characteristics
Class and typeGuided missile cruiser
Displacement9100 tons
Length172.1 m (565 ft)
Beam17.6 m (58 ft)
Draft29 ft (8.8 m) (maximum
Propulsion60,000  shp (45,000 kW); 2 G.E. Reactors (D2G), Geared Turbines, 2 screws
Speed34 knots (63 km/h; 39 mph)
RangeUnlimited
Complement475
Sensors and
processing systems
  • 1 AN/SPS-10 surface search RADAR [5]
  • AN/SPS-37 search RADAR [5]
  • AN/SPS-52 3D air search RADAR [5]
  • 4 AN/SPG-55 Terrier fire control RADAR [5] [6]
  • AN/SQS-26 SONAR [5]
ArmamentAs Leahy class

USS Bainbridge (CGN-25) was a nuclear-powered development of the Leahy-class. Originally a guided missile destroyer leader, the class was re-designated guided missile cruiser in 1975. As with USS Long Beach (CGN-9) and USS Enterprise (CVN-65), Bainbridge was the only member of its single-ship class.

Bainbridge was largely identical to the Leahy class [2] :329 except for the replacement of the conventional design's four 1,200 lb/in2 steam boilers with two D2G reactors, and related increases in displacement, length and beam. [2] :331Bainbridge's engineering department carried 7 officers and 156 enlisted men—respectively 3 and 42 more than a contemporary steam-powered vessel. [2] :331

The lessons learned on Bainbridge were later adapted to the next nuclear-powered ship, USS Truxtun (CGN-35) and the California and Virginia classes of nuclear-powered cruiser.[ citation needed ]

Ships in class

NamePennantBuilderLaid DownLaunchedCommissionedDecommissionedFate
Leahy-class conventional cruiser
Leahy CG-16 Bath Iron Works, Bath 3 December 19591 July 19614 August 19621 October 1993Broken up at Brownsville, 2005
Harry E. Yarnell CG-1731 May 19609 December 19612 February 196329 October 1993Broken up at Philadelphia, 2002
Worden CG-189 September 19612 June 19623 August 19631 October 1993Sunk as target, 17 June 2000
Dale CG-19 New York Shipbuilding Corporation, Camden 6 September 196028 June 196223 November 196327 September 1994Sunk as target, 6 April 2000
Richmond K. Turner CG-209 January 19616 April 196313 June 196413 April 1995Sunk as target, 9 August 1998
Gridley CG-21 Lockheed Shipbuilding and Construction Company, Seattle 15 July 196031 July 196125 May 196321 January 1994Broken up at Brownsville, 2005
England CG-22 Todd Shipyards, San Pedro 4 October 19606 March 19627 December 196321 January 1994Broken up at Brownsville, 2004
Halsey CG-23 San Francisco Naval Shipyard 26 August 196015 January 196220 July 196328 January 1994Broken up at Brownsville, 2003
Reeves CG-24 Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton 1 July 196012 May 196215 May 196412 November 1993Sunk as target, 1 June 2001
Bainbridge-class nuclear powered cruiser
Bainbridge CGN-25 Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Quincy 5 May 195915 April 19616 October 196213 September 1996Disposed of through Ship-Submarine Recycling Program at Bremerton, 1999

See also

Related Research Articles

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USS <i>Reeves</i> (DLG-24) Leahy-class cruiser of the US Navy (in service 1964-93)

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USS <i>Gridley</i> (DLG-21)

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USS <i>Bainbridge</i> (CGN-25)

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The Charles F. Adams class is a ship class of 29 guided missile destroyers (DDG) built between 1958 and 1967. Twenty-three were built for the United States Navy, three for the Royal Australian Navy, and three for the West German Bundesmarine. The design of these ships was based on that of Forrest Sherman-class destroyers, but the Charles F. Adams class were the first class designed to serve as guided missile destroyers. 19 feet (5.8 m) of length was added to the center of the design of the Forrest Sherman class to carry the ASROC launcher. The Charles F. Adams-class were the last steam turbine-powered destroyers built for the U.S. Navy. Starting with the succeeding Spruance-class, all U.S. Navy destroyers have been powered by gas turbines. Some of the U.S. Charles F. Adams class served during the blockade of Cuba in 1962 and during the Vietnam War; those of the Royal Australian Navy served during the Vietnam War and Gulf War.

USS <i>Leahy</i> (DLG-16) Leahy class Guided missile cruiser

USS Leahy (DLG/CG-16) was the lead ship of a new class of destroyer leaders in the United States Navy. Named for Fleet Admiral William D. Leahy, she was commissioned on 4 August 1962 as DLG-16, a guided missile frigate, and reclassified as CG-16, a guided missile cruiser, on 30 June 1975.

<i>Virginia</i>-class cruiser Nuclear guided-missile cruiser class of the US Navy

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USS <i>Harry E. Yarnell</i>

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USS <i>Fox</i> (CG-33)

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Destroyer leader US Navy designation for large destroyers

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New Threat Upgrade

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AN/SPS-10

AN/SPS-10 is a two-dimensional radar manufactured by Raytheon Technologies. It was used by the US Navy as a surface-search radar after World War II, and was equipped aboard naval ships during the Cold War. Variants include AN/SPS-10B, AN-SPS/10E and AN/SPS-10F.

References

  1. "A Historical Review of Cruiser Characteristics, Roles and Missions". Future Concepts And Surface Ship Design Group (05D), Naval Sea Systems Command, Department of the Navy. 28 March 2005. Retrieved 29 May 2012.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Friedman, Norman (2004) [1982], U.S. Destroyers: An Illustrated Design History, Illustrated Design Histories (revised, illustrated ed.), Annapolis, MD, United States: Naval Institute Press, pp. 327–334, ISBN   9781557504425, OCLC   51861947 , retrieved October 13, 2012, The Bainbridge was essentially a nuclear version of the Leahy class.
  3. Jane's American fighting ships of the 20th century / compiled and edited by John Moore; preface by M. Staser Holcomb. New York, N.Y. Mallard Press, 1991. ISBN   0-7924-5626-2
  4. CG-16 Leahy class
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Blackman, Raymond V. B. Jane's Fighting Ships (1970/71) p.430
  6. Polmar, Norman "The U.S. Navy: Shipboard Radars" United States Naval Institute Proceedings December 1978 p.144