 | This article needs additional citations for verification .(February 2023) |
This article provides a list of political parties that were or are currently banned by the countries in which they were or are based.
| | This article needs additional citations for verification .(February 2023) |
This article provides a list of political parties that were or are currently banned by the countries in which they were or are based.
In 1943, Pedro Pablo Ramírez banned all political parties after overthrowing the government. [1]
| Name | Native name(s) | Ideology | Year banned | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Algerian Communist Party | Arabic : لحزب الشيوعي الجزائري, French : Parti Communiste Algérien | Communism, Marxism-Leninism | 1962 | |
| Algerian National Movement | Arabic : لحركة الوطنية الجزائرية, Berber languages : Amussu Aɣelnaw Adzayri, French : Mouvement National Algérien | |||
| Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party of Algeria | Arabic : حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي في الجزائر, romanized: Hizb Al-Ba'ath Al-Arabi Al-Ishtiraki fy Aljeza'ir, French : Parti Ba'ath Arabe Socialiste d'Algérie | Neo-Ba'athism, Saddamism | [2] | |
| Étoile Nord-Africaine (North African Star) | Arabic : نجم شمال أفريقيا | 1937 | ||
| Islamic Salvation Front | Arabic : الجبهة الإسلامية للإنقاذ, romanized: al-Jabhah al-Islāmiyah lil-Inqādh, French : Front Islamique du Salut | Anti-democracy, Islamism, Jihadism, Qutbism | 1992 | |
| Liberal Social Party | French : Parti Social Libéral | 1998 | [3] | |
| Party of the Socialist Revolution | Arabic : حزب الثورة الاشتراكية,French : Parti de la Révolution Socialiste | Socialism | ||
| Wafaa | 2000 | [4] |
| Name | Native name(s) | Ideology | Year banned | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bhutan People's Party | Democratic socialism, Lhotshampa interests | 1990 | [5] | |
| Communist Party of Bhutan (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist) | Communism, Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, republicanism | 2003 |
The Brazilian Communist Party was suppressed during the Vargas Era, but were later able to participate in the 1945 and 1947 elections. However, the party was banned by Eurico Gaspar Dutra in May 1947, and all of its elected officials, baring those elected with support from other parties, were removed from office. [6]
Brazilian Integralist Action was banned after the Integralist Uprising in 1938. [7]
| Name | Native name(s) | Ideology | Year banned | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brazilian Communist Party | Communism | 1947 | [6] | |
| Brazilian Integralist Action | Brazilian Integralism | 1938 | [7] |
All political parties were banned in Bulgaria in 1934. [8]
| Name | Native name(s) | Ideology | Year banned | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ratniks | Nazism | 1939 | [9] |
| Name | Native name(s) | Ideology | Year banned | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zhi Xian Party | Chinese :中国至宪党 | Chinese New Left, Chongqing model, Maoism | 2013 | [10] [11] |
All political parties were banned in 1953, following the 1952 Egyptian Revolution, but were allowed to exist in 1976. [12]
| Name | Native name(s) | Ideology | Year banned | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Communist Party of Swaziland | Communism | [16] | ||
| Convention for Full Democracy in Swaziland | [16] | |||
| Ngwane National Liberatory Congress | [16] | |||
| Ngwane Socialist Revolutionary Party | [16] | |||
| People's United Democratic Movement | [16] | |||
| Swaziland National Front | [16] |
| Name | Native Name | Ideology | Year Banned | Notes | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Communist Party of Georgia | საქართველოს კომუნისტური პარტია | Communism Marxism-Leninism | 1991 | [17] | |
| Centrists | ცენტრისტები | Russophilia | 2016 | Banned from election | [18] |
All political parties were banned in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia after the annexation of Czechoslovakia. [19] During World War II political parties in Luxembourg and Norway were banned following their occupations by Germany. [20] [21]
Prime Minister Ioannis Metaxas banned all political parties in 1936. [22]
Golden Dawn was ruled as a criminal organization in 2020. [23] It was the first party banned in Greece since the end of the Greek junta in 1974. [24] A law passed in 2023 prohibiting parties led by people convicted of crimes from running in elections resulted in Golden Dawn and National Party – Greeks being prohibited from the 2023 Greek legislative election. [25] [26]
| Name | Native Name | Ideology | Year Banned | Year Legalized | Notes | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Golden Dawn | Χρυσή Αυγή | Neo-Nazism Neo-Fascism | 2020 | Ruled as a criminal organization | [23] | |
| Communist Party of Greece | Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας | Communism Marxism–Leninism | 1936 | 1974 | Banned by Ioannis Metaxas | [27] |
| Name | Native name(s) | Ideology | Year banned | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hong Kong National Party | 香港民族黨 | Hong Kong independence | 2018 | [28] |
| Name | Native name(s) | Ideology | Year banned | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Islamic Iran Participation Front | 2010 | [29] | ||
| Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution of Iran Organization | 2010 | [29] |
| Name | Native name(s) | Ideology | Year banned | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Islamic Dawa Party | [30] |
| Name | Native name(s) | Ideology | Year banned | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Șor Party | Russophilia, Hard euroscepticism | 2023 | [31] [32] |
King Tribhuvan of Nepal banned the Communist Party of Nepal. [33] The Nepali Congress, under the leadership of BP Koirala, won the 1959 election, but King Mahendra of Nepal dissolved the House of Representatives on 15 December 1960. The Rastriya Panchayat was formed and all political parties were banned. [34] [33] [35]
A referendum was held in 1980 to determine whether to maintain the Panchayat system or institute a multi-party system. The Panchayat system was maintained with 54% of the vote. [36] On 6 April 1990, King Birendra of Nepal ended the ban on political parties in response to the 1990 Nepalese revolution and the 1991 election was the first multi-party election since 1960. [37] [38]
| Name | Native name(s) | Ideology | Year banned | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Communist Party of Nepal | Communism | [33] | ||
| Nepali Congress | Social democracy Democratic socialism | [34] |
Prime Minister Patriarch Miron of Romania banned all political parties in 1939. [53]
| Name | Native name(s) | Ideology | Year banned | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron Guard | Garda de Fier | Fascism | 1939 | [53] |
Batasuna was the first political party banned following the end of Francisco Franco's dictatorship. [54]
| Name | Native name(s) | Ideology | Year banned | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Batasuna | Basque nationalism | 2003 | [54] |
| Name | Native name(s) | Ideology | Year banned | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tamil United Liberation Front | Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism | 1983 | [55] |
Jaafar Nimeiry overthrew the government in 1969, and banned all political parties. He was overthrown by a coup d'état in 1985, and a new government was formed by Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab. He legalized political parties, but they were banned again after Omar al-Bashir overthrew the government. [56] [57]
| Name | Native name(s) | Ideology | Year banned | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sudanese Ba'ath Party | Ba'athism | [58] | ||
| Sudanese Communist Party | Communism | 1989 | [59] |
| Name | Native name(s) | Ideology | Year banned | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Communist Party USA | Communism | 1954 | [62] |
The National Bolshevik Party operated from 1993 to 2007 as a Russian political party with a political program of National Bolshevism. The NBP became a prominent member of The Other Russia coalition of opposition parties. Its members are known as Nazbols.
The ȘOR Party was a populist political party in Moldova. Known from its foundation in 1998 until October 2016 as the Socio-Political Movement "Equality", the party held Eurosceptic and Russophilic stances.
The All-Russian Political Party "Rodina" is a nationalist political party in Russia. It was a coalition of thirty nationalist groups that was established by Dmitry Rogozin, Sergey Glazyev, Sergey Baburin, Viktor Gerashchenko, Georgy Shpak, Valentin Varennikov and others in August 2003. The party's ideology combines "patriotism, nationalism, and a greater role for the government in the economy", and is described as pro-Kremlin. Its headquarters is located in Moscow.
The Movement Against Illegal Immigration was a Russian far-right, nationalist and racist organization. In addition to opposing illegal immigration, the DPNI targeted Russians from ethnic, religious, and sexual minority backgrounds.
The Communist Party of Georgia was the founding and ruling political party of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic.
The People's Freedom Party, often known by its short form PARNAS, and formerly the Republican Party of Russia – People's Freedom Party, and initially Republican Party of Russia, was a liberal-democratic political party in Russia. It was one of the first opposition parties founded in the final years of the Soviet Union.
The Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, was a communist political party in the Russian SFSR. The Communist Party of the Russian SFSR was founded in 1990. At this point, the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR being the republican branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, organized around 58% of the total Communist Party membership. Politically, it became a centre for communist opponents of Gorbachev's leadership.
The Communist Party of Armenia was a branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union within the Armenian SSR, and as such, the sole ruling party in the Armenian SSR.
Alexei Anatolyevich Navalny was a Russian opposition leader, lawyer, anti-corruption activist, and political prisoner. He organised anti-government demonstrations and ran for office to advocate reforms against corruption in Russia and against President Vladimir Putin and his government. Navalny was founder of the Anti-Corruption Foundation (FBK). He was recognised by Amnesty International as a prisoner of conscience, and was awarded the Sakharov Prize for his work on human rights.
Dmitry Gennadyevich Gudkov is a Russian politician and opposition leader. He was elected as a member of the State Duma in 2011–2016. His father, Gennady Gudkov, was also a Duma deputy in 2001–2012. Both father and son were members of the party A Just Russia. Gudkov was expelled from the party on 13 March 2013 after it accused him of "calling on the American authorities to interfere in Russia’s internal affairs". While Gudkov ran as candidate of Yabloko party and worked with the non-systemic opposition, he lost in the 18 September 2016 election for the Russian Parliament. In 2018, he and Ksenia Sobchak decided to align together, which lead to the creation of an opposition political party which is called the Party of Changes.
Dmitry Nikolayevich Demushkin is a Russian nationalist activist, politician and public figure. He founded the neo-Nazi organization "Slavic Union" in 1999, which was designated as extremist and banned in 2010. In 2011, he co-founded the nationalist organization "Russians", which was designated as extremist and banned in 2015. He was also an organizer of the Russian march. In 2019, Demushkin was appointed interim head of the administration of the rural settlement Barvikhinskoye, Odintsovsky District, Moscow Oblast.
Anastasia Nukzarievna Shevchenko is a Russian public figure and civil activist. She is the first person in Russia to have a criminal case brought against her on charges of participating in an "undesirable" organisation under Russian Federation law. She was recognised as a political prisoner and a prisoner of conscience.
Oleg Olegovich Khorzhan was a Transnistrian politician who served as the chairman of the Transnistrian Communist Party and as a member of Transnistria's Supreme Council.
Protests began on 11 July 2020 in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, in support of the popular then-Governor, Sergei Furgal, after his arrest that was seen by many as politically motivated. Similar protests in support of Furgal also took place in other mostly eastern cities, including Novosibirsk, Vladivostok and Omsk.
Democratic Choice was a Russian right-wing conservative liberal and national liberal political party, that defended the principles of democratic development of the country. Founded on February 28, 2010 at a conference in Moscow. Registered by the Ministry of Justice as a regional public organization. On September 20, 2012 officially registered by the Ministry of Justice as a political party.
The 5th of December Party is a Russian liberal unregistered political party, managed by the Federal Coordinating Council (FCC). Among the co-founders of the party are Roman Dobrokhotov, Konstantin Yankauskas, Denis Bilunov, Sergey Davidis, Natalia Pelevine and others.
The Nation and Freedom Committee is a Russian nationalist socio-political association whose purpose is to ensure the consolidated centralized participation of Russian nationalists in the general civil protest movement and to uphold the rights of the Russian population. KNU is the most active far-right protest organization in the Russian Federation, monthly featured in thematic reviews of human rights defenders who monitor the activities of ultra-right political movements in the Russian Federation. KNS is the core of the right wing of the Russian protest movement, in connection with which the organization's associates are regularly arrested during protests, pressure, less often - searches. Website, YouTube-channel, blog at livejournal.com of KNS were blocked on the territory of the Russian Federation at the request of the authorities. The blocking and removal of the channel on youtube was preceded by the removal of a video criticizing Putin's migration policy. KNS Facebook page was removed by the social network in connection with the propaganda of european nationalism, prohibited by the internal rules of the social network.
The Communist Party of Uzbekistan is a banned communist party in Uzbekistan, founded in 1994. The party considers itself the only and true successor of the Communist Party of the Uzbek SSR, although on November 1, 1991, the former Communist Party of the Uzbek SSR was transformed into the People's Democratic Party of Uzbekistan (XDP). Immediately after its creation, the party's activists tried to officially register the party in Uzbekistan, but in response, the registration of the Communist Party of Uzbekistan was rejected and the party was actually banned throughout Uzbekistan and outlawed. Many activists and party members were persecuted by the Uzbek authorities, and many were forced to flee the country, mainly to Russia. The founder and permanent leader of the party is Kakhraman Makhmudov
The Union of Slavic Forces of Russia, also known as Home in the USSR, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Citizens of the USSR, Government of the USSR, Soviet Citizens, Witnesses of the USSR, necro-communists and necromancers, is an informal social movement in Russia whose supporters believe that the Soviet Union as a sovereign state and a subject of international relations continues to exist, consider themselves its citizens, and do not recognize the Russian Federation, observe its laws, or obey government authorities. The movement's ideological component is belief in, and promulgation of, conspiracy theories, anti-Semitism and neo-paganism. The COVID-19 pandemic encouraged the movement to adopt QAnon beliefs. According to the FSB, it had 150,000 followers in 2018. In 2019, the Supreme Court of the Komi Republic identified the Union of Slavic Forces of Russia as an extremist organization.
The Political Party "Socialists" was a Ukrainian center-left political party founded in August 2014 as Political Party of Workers, Peasants, and Intelligentsia of Ukraine. In February 2015, the party adopted its current name. The party was led by Yevhen Anoprienko since 27 November 2019.
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