Mongolia is a landlocked unitary sovereign state in East Asia. Economic activity in Mongolia has traditionally been based on herding and agriculture, although development of extensive mineral deposits of copper, coal, molybdenum, tin, tungsten, and gold have emerged as a driver of industrial production. [1] Besides mining (21.8% of GDP) and agriculture (16% of GDP), dominant industries in the composition of GDP are wholesale and retail trade and service, transportation and storage, and real estate activities. [1] The grey economy is estimated to be at least one-third the size of the official economy. [1] As of 2006 [update] , 68.4% of Mongolia's exports went to the PRC, and the PRC supplied 29.8% of Mongolia's imports. [2]
For further information on the types of business entities in this country and their abbreviations, see "Business entities in Mongolia".
This list includes notable companies with primary headquarters located in the country. The industry and sector follow the Industry Classification Benchmark taxonomy. Organizations which have ceased operations are included and noted as defunct.
Name | Industry | Sector | Headquarters | Founded | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aero Mongolia | Consumer services | Airlines | Ulaanbaatar | 2002 | Domestic and regional airline |
Agrotechimpex | Industrials | Industrial Engineering | Ulaanbaatar | 1959 | Agricultural material and supplies |
Bank of Mongolia | Financials | Banks | Ulaanbaatar | 1991 | National central bank |
DDishTV | Telecommunications | Mobile telecommunications | Ulaanbaatar | 2008 | Satellite TV and communication |
Eznis Airways | Consumer services | Airlines | Ulaanbaatar | 2006 | Airline, defunct 2014 |
G-Mobile | Telecommunications | Mobile telecommunications | Ulaanbaatar | 2007 | Mobile phone network |
Golomt Bank | Financials | Banks | Ulaanbaatar | 1995 | Banking and financial services |
Hunnu Air | Consumer services | Airlines | Ulaanbaatar | 2011 | International and domestic airline |
MIAT Mongolian Airlines | Consumer services | Airlines | Ulaanbaatar | 1956 | International airline, national flag carrier |
Mobicom Corporation | Telecommunications | Mobile telecommunications | Ulaanbaatar | 1996 | Mobile, part of KDDI (Japan) |
Mongolian National Broadcaster | Consumer services | Broadcasting & entertainment | Ulaanbaatar | 1931 | National television network |
Newcom Group | Conglomerates | - | Ulaanbaatar | 1993 | Investment holding group |
Skytel (Mongolia) | Telecommunications | Mobile telecommunications | Ulaanbaatar | 1999 | Mobile service provider |
Tavan Bogd Group | Conglomerates | - | Ulaanbaatar | 1995 | Investment holding group |
The State bank | Financials | Banks | Ulaanbaatar | 2009 | State-owned commercial bank, former Zoos bank |
UFC Group | Consumer goods | Food products | Ulaanbaatar | 1942 | Food and beverage company |
Unitel (Mongolia) | Telecommunications | Mobile telecommunications | Ulaanbaatar | 2005 | Mobile |
XacBank | Financials | Banks | Ulaanbaatar | 2001 | Community development bank |
Zoos Bank | Financials | Banks | Ulaanbaatar | 1999 | Commercial bank, defunct 2009, now The State bank |
Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of 1,564,116 square kilometres, with a population of just 3.3 million, making it the world's most sparsely populated sovereign nation. Mongolia is the world's largest landlocked country that does not border a closed sea, and much of its area is covered by grassy steppe, with mountains to the north and west and the Gobi Desert to the south. Ulaanbaatar, the capital and largest city, is home to roughly half of the country's population.
The economy of Mongolia has traditionally been based on agriculture and livestock. Mongolia also has extensive mineral deposits: copper, coal, molybdenum, tin, tungsten, and gold account for a large part of industrial production. Soviet assistance, at its height one-third of Gross domestic product (GDP), disappeared almost overnight in 1990–91, in the time of the collapse of the Soviet Union. Mongolia was driven into deep recession.
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Ulaanbaatar, previously anglicized as Ulan Bator, is the capital and most populous city of Mongolia. It is the coldest capital city in the world, on average. The municipality is located in north central Mongolia at an elevation of about 1,300 metres (4,300 ft) in a valley on the Tuul River. The city was originally founded in 1639 as a nomadic Buddhist monastic center, changing location 28 times, and was permanently settled at its current location in 1778.
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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Mongolia:
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to China:
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