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Paralympic football consists of adaptations of the sport of association football for athletes with a physical disability. These sports are typically played using International Federation of Association Football (FIFA) rules, with modifications to the field of play, equipment, numbers of players, and other rules as required to make the game suitable for the athletes
The two most prominent versions of Paralympic football are 5-a-side football for athletes with visual impairments, and 7-a-side football for athletes with cerebral palsy.
5-a-side football, also known as blind futsal and blind football, is an adaptation of football for athletes with visual impairments including blindness. The sport, governed by the International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA), is played with modified FIFA rules. The field of play is smaller, and is surrounded by boards. Teams are reduced to five players, including the goalkeeper, per team. Teams may also use one guide, who is positioned off the field of play, to assist in directing players. The ball is equipped with a noise-making device to allow players to locate it by sound. Matches consist of two 20-minute halves, with a ten-minute break at half-time.
Football 5-a-side players are assigned to one of three sport classes based on their level of visual impairment:
Teams are permitted to use sighted athletes as goalkeepers and guides; sighted goalkeepers cannot have been registered with FIFA for at least five years.
Two types of competition exist. For Class B1 games, only athletes with sport class B1 are permitted as players, with the exception of the goalkeepers and the guides, who may be class B2, B3, or sighted. For Class B2/B3 games, teams can field players in sport classes B2 and B3; at least two B2 players must be on the field at all times.
5-a-side football in Europe was developed in Spain. The first Spanish national championships took place in Spain in 1986. In South America, there are records of a Brazilian Tournament organized in 1980. European and American Championships took place in 1997, followed by the first World Championships in 1998. The sport was added to the Summer Paralympic Games in 2004.
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1998 Details | Campinas | Brazil | 1–0 | Argentina | Spain | 2–0 | Colombia | 6 | |||
2000 Details | Jerez | Brazil | 3–0 | Argentina | Spain | 4–0 | Greece | 8 | |||
2002 Details | Rio de Janeiro | Argentina | 4–2 | Spain | Brazil | 2–0 | Colombia | 9 | |||
2006 Details | Buenos Aires | Argentina | 1–0 | Brazil | Paraguay | 2–1 | Spain | 8 | |||
2010 Details | Hereford | Brazil | 2–0 | Spain | China | 1–0 | England | 10 | |||
2014 Details | Tokyo | Brazil | 1–0 | Argentina | Spain | 0–0 (pen. 2–0) | China | 12 | |||
2018 Details | Madrid | Brazil | 2–0 | Argentina | China | 2–1 | Russia | 16 |
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1998 Details | Campinas | Belarus | 3–2 | Spain | Italy | 9–2 | Argentina | 6 | |||
2002 Details | Varese | Belarus | 14–2 | Russia | Spain | 3–2 | Brazil | 12 | |||
2013 Details | Miyagi | Russia | 1–0 (aet) | Ukraine | England | 14–0 | Japan | 4 | |||
2017 Details | Cagliari | Ukraine | 3–0 | England | Russia | 2–2 (pen. 2–1) | Spain | 8 |
Men's B1
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2007 Details | São Paulo | Brazil | 2–0 | Argentina | Spain | 0–0(1-0 in Penalty) | Japan | 4 | |||
2011 Details | Antalya | Iran | 3–0 | France | China | 3–0 | England | 7 | |||
2015 Details | Seoul | Argentina | 2–1 | United Kingdom | Spain | 1–0 | China | 9 |
Men's B2/B3
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2007 Details | São Paulo | Belarus | 1–1(3-2 in Penalty) | Ukraine | Spain | 4–0 | Brazil | 4 | |||
2011 Details | Antalya | Belarus | 5–1 | Ukraine | Spain | 7–4 | England | 9 | |||
2015 Details | Seoul | Ukraine | 3–1 | Spain | Italy | 2–1 | Japan | 5 |
Until 2017 only in Men's B1 (not Women's and not Men's B2/B3)
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2005 Details | Ho Chi Minh City | Japan | Round Robin | South Korea | Vietnam | Round Robin | none | 3 | |||
2007 Details | Seoul | China | 3–0 | South Korea | Iran | 1–0 | Japan | 4 | |||
2009 Details | Tokyo | China | 2–0 | Japan | South Korea | 0–0 (1-0 in Penalty) | Iran | 5 | |||
2011 Details | Sendai | China | 1–0 | Iran | Japan | 2–0 | South Korea | 4 | |||
2013 Details | Beijing | China | 0–0 (3-2 in Penalty) | Japan | South Korea | Round Robin | none | 3 | |||
2015 Details | Tokyo | Iran | 0–0 (1-0 in Penalty) | China | South Korea | 0–0 (2-1 in Penalty) | Japan | 6 | |||
2017 Details | Kuala Lumpur | China | 2–0 | Iran | Thailand | 2–0 | South Korea | 6 |
Until 2014 only in Men's B1 (not Women's and not Men's B2/B3)
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2010 Details | Guangzhou | China | 1–0 | Iran | South Korea | 0–0 (2-1 in Penalty) | Japan | 5 | |||
2014 Details | Incheon | Iran | Round Robin | Japan | China | Round Robin | South Korea | 5 |
7-a-side football is an adaptation of association football for athletes with cerebral palsy and other neurological disorders, including stroke and traumatic brain injury. The sport is governed by the Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CP-ISRA). The sport is played with modified FIFA rules. Among the modifications are a reduced field of play, a reduction in the number of players, elimination of the offside rule, and permission for one-handed throw-ins. Matches consist of two thirty-minute halves, with a fifteen-minute half-time break.
Players competing in 7-a-side football are given a sport class based on their level of disability. Eligible classes are:
Teams must field at least one class C5 or C6 player at all times. No more than one players of class C8 are permitted to play at the same time.
International competition in 7-a-side football began at the 1978 CP-ISRA International Games in Edinburgh, Scotland. The sport was added to the Summer Paralympic Games at the 1984 Summer Paralympics in New York City, U.S., and has been played at every Summer Games until 2016 Summer Paralympics.
Year | Host | Winner | Score | Runner-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | Ref. | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CPISRA tournaments | |||||||||||||
1990 Details | Assen (WC) | Netherlands | 5–0 | Ireland | Belgium | no information available 2 | 5 | [2] [3] | |||||
1994 Details | Dublin (WC) | Netherlands | 2–0 | Ireland | Belgium | 3 | Spain | [2] [3] | |||||
1998 Details | Rio de Janeiro (WC) | Russia | 3–1 | Ukraine | Brazil | 3–2 | Spain | 11 | [2] | ||||
2003 Details | Buenos Aires (WC) | Ukraine | 3–1 | Brazil | Russia | 2–1 | Argentina | [2] | |||||
2007 Details | Rio de Janeiro (WC) | Russia | 2–1 | Iran | Ukraine | 2–0 | Brazil | 16 | [2] [4] | ||||
2011 Details | Assen, Emmen, Hoogeveen (WC) | Russia | 6–1 | Iran | Ukraine | 8–3 | Brazil | 16 | [2] [5] | ||||
IFCPF tournaments | |||||||||||||
2015 Details | Burton-upon-Trent (WC) | Russia | 1–0 | Ukraine | Brazil | 6–0 | Netherlands | 16 | [2] [6] | ||||
2017 Details | San Luis (WC) | Ukraine | 1–0 | Iran | Russia | 2–0 | England | 16 | [7] | ||||
2019 Details | Seville (Cup) | Russia | 3–1 | Ukraine | Brazil | 4–1 | England | 16 | [8] | ||||
2022 Details | Salou (Cup) | Ukraine | 1–0 | Iran | Brazil | 2–0 | United States | 15 | [9] [10] |
The United States men's national CP soccer team, formerly known as the United States Para 7-a-side national team, represents the United States in men's CP football international competitions. It is operated by the United States Soccer Federation. The team finished seventh at the 2015 IPCPF World Championships. They have competed at several Paralympic Games, including the 1984, 1992, 1996, 2004 and 2012 editions. One of their best finishes was in 1996 when they finished fourth. Their head coach is Stuart Sharp. Comedian Josh Blue is one of their former players.
Para-alpine skiing classification is the classification system for para-alpine skiing designed to ensure fair competition between alpine skiers with different types of disabilities. The classifications are grouped into three general disability types: standing, blind and sitting. Classification governance is handled by International Paralympic Committee Alpine Skiing. Prior to that, several sport governing bodies dealt with classification including the International Sports Organization for the Disabled (ISOD), International Stoke Mandeville Games Federation (ISMWSF), International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) and Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CP-ISRA). Some classification systems are governed by bodies other than International Paralympic Committee Alpine Skiing, such as the Special Olympics. The sport is open to all competitors with a visual or physical disability. It is not open to people with intellectual disabilities.
The Australian men's Paralympic soccer team represents Australia in international 7-a-side competitions. Officially nicknamed the Pararoos, the team is currently controlled by the governing body for soccer in Australia, Football Australia (FA), which are a member of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) and the regional ASEAN Football Federation (AFF).
Football 5-a-side, more commonly known as Blind Football or Blind Soccer, is a variation of association football designed for players who are blind or visually impaired. It is currently a Paralympic sport, and the International Blind Sports Association (IBSA) also organizes a World Blind Football Championships.
Japan national cerebral palsy football team is the national cerebral football team for Japan that represents the team in international competitions. The team has been active in recent years, and was ranked 16th in the world in 2016. At the 2015 IFCPF World Championships, they finished fifteenth. At the 2014 Asian Para Games, they finished second. Japan has never competed at the Paralympic Games.
Netherlands national cerebral palsy football team is the national cerebral football team for the Netherlands that represents the team in international competitions. The team has participated in every Paralympic Games since the sport made its debut in 1988, winning gold medals in 1988, 1992 and 1996. At the most recent IFCPF World Championships in 2015, they finished fourth. They had first-place finishes at the World Championships in 1986, 1990 and 1994.
Russia national cerebral palsy football team is the national cerebral football team for Russia that represents the team in international competitions. The team has participated at multiple Paralympic Games, winning gold in the 2000 and 2012 editions. Russia won the IFCPF World Championships in 1998, 2007, 2011 and 2015.
O bafolopteco é maluco International Federation of Cerebral Palsy Football (IFCPF) is the world governing body for cerebral palsy football. It was founded in January 2015, when the governance of the sport transferred from the Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CPISRA) to the IFCPF. It is a member organization, with members from five different continental zones. The IFCPF has relationships with other international association football sporting bodies. It organizes tournaments for the sport, and is in charge of Paralympic Games inclusion and participation. The IFCPF is a World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) signatory, and international footballers may be subject to out-of-competition doping controls.
Cerebral Palsy Football, also called 7-a-side football or formerly Paralympic Football, is an adaptation of association football for athletes with cerebral palsy and other neurological disorders, including stroke and traumatic brain injury. From 1978 to 2014, cerebral palsy football was governed by the Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CPISRA). In January 2015, governance of the sport was taken over by the International Federation of Cerebral Palsy Football, under the umbrella of Para Football.
Football 7-a-side at the 1982 International Cerebral Palsy Games was held in Greve. Football 7-a-side is played by athletes with cerebral palsy, a condition characterized by impairment of muscular coordination, stroke, or traumatic brain injury (TBI).
The 1990 CPISRA Football 7-a-side World Championships was the world championship for men's national 7-a-side association football teams. CPISRA stands for Cerebral Palsy International Sports & Recreation Association. Athletes with a physical disability competed. The Championship took place in the Netherlands 1990.
The Football World Championship Under 19 at the 2015 CPISRA World Games was the world championship for men's national 7-a-side association football under 19 teams. IFCPF stands for International Federation of Cerebral Palsy Football. Athletes with a physical disability competed. The Championship took place in the England from 10 to 16 August 2015. Football CP Football was played with modified FIFA rules. Among the modifications were that there were seven players, no offside, a smaller playing field, and permission for one-handed throw-ins. Matches consisted of two thirty-minute halves, with a fifteen-minute half-time break.
The 1991 CPISRA European Soccer Championship was the european championship for men's national 7-a-side association football teams. CPISRA stands for Cerebral Palsy International Sports & Recreation Association. Athletes with a physical disability competed. The Championship took place in England from 16 to 20 August 1991.
The 2014 CPISRA Football 7-a-side American Cup was an American championship for men's national 7-a-side association football teams. CPISRA stands for Cerebral Palsy International Sports & Recreation Association. Athletes with a physical disability competed. The Championship took place in Canada from 19 to 26 September 2015.
The 2010 CPISRA Football 7-a-side American Cup was an American championship for men's national 7-a-side association football teams. CPISRA stands for Cerebral Palsy International Sports & Recreation Association. Athletes with a physical disability competed. The Championship took place in Argentina from 18 to 26 October 2010.
The 2002 CPISRA Pan-American Soccer Championship was an American championship for men's national 7-a-side association football teams. CPISRA stands for Cerebral Palsy International Sports & Recreation Association. Athletes with a physical disability competed. The Championship took place in Chile from 22 to 29 September 2002.
The 1999 CPISRA Pan-American Soccer Championship was an American championship for men's national 7-a-side association football teams. CPISRA stands for Cerebral Palsy International Sports & Recreation Association. Athletes with a physical disability competed.
The 1995 CPISRA Pan-American Soccer Championship was an American championship for men's national 7-a-side association football teams. CPISRA stands for Cerebral Palsy International Sports & Recreation Association. Athletes with a physical disability competed.
The 2018 IFCPF CP Football Americas Championship was an American championship for men's national 7-a-side association football teams. IFCPF stands for International Federation of Cerebral Palsy Football. Athletes with a physical disability competed. The Championship took place in Ecuador from 27 October to 3 November 2018.
The 2018 IFCPF CP Football Asia-Oceana Championship was an Asia-Oceana championship for men's national 7-a-side association football teams. IFCPF stands for International Federation of Cerebral Palsy Football. Athletes with a physical disability competed. The Championship took place in Ecuador from 24 to 29 October 2018.
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