Polyporus

Last updated

Polyporus
2009-05-12 Polyporus tuberaster (Jacq.) Fr 43277.jpg
Polyporus tuberaster
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Polyporales
Family: Polyporaceae
Genus: Polyporus
P.Micheli ex Adans. (1763)
Type species
Polyporus tuberaster
(Jacq. ex Pers.) Fr. (1815)

Polyporus is a genus of poroid fungi in the family Polyporaceae.

Contents

Taxonomy

Italian botanist Pier Antonio Micheli introduced the genus in 1729 to include 14 species featuring fruit bodies with centrally-placed stipes, and pores on the underside of the cap. [1] The generic name combines the Ancient Greek words πολύς ("many") and πόρος ("pore"). [2]

Elias Fries divided Polyporus into three subgenera in his 1855 work Novae Symbol Mycologici: Eupolyporus, Fomes, and Poria. [3] In a 1995 monograph, Maria Núñez and Leif Ryvarden grouped 32 Polyporus species into 6 morphologically-based infrageneric groups: Admirabilis, Dendropolyporus, Favolus , Polyporellus, Melanopus, and Polyporus sensu stricto . [4]

The identity of the type species of Polyporus has long been a matter of contention among mycologists. Some have preferred P. brumalis , [5] [6] some P. squamosus , [7] while others have preferred P. tuberaster . [8] [9] [10]

Selected species

There are almost 250 species recognised including:

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Polyporaceae</span> Family of fungi

The Polyporaceae are a family of poroid fungi belonging to the Basidiomycota. The flesh of their fruit bodies varies from soft to very tough. Most members of this family have their hymenium in vertical pores on the underside of the caps, but some of them have gills or gill-like structures. Many species are brackets, but others have a definite stipe – for example, Polyporus badius.

<i>Oxyporus</i> Genus of fungi

Oxyporus is a genus of polypore fungi in the family Schizoporaceae. An individual family Oxyporaceae was described for the genus. A number of species in this genus are plant pathogens, causing a white rot. The genus is widely distributed.

<i>Fomes</i> Genus of fungi

Fomes is a genus of perennial woody fungi in the family Polyporaceae. Species are typically hoof-shaped (ungulate). New growth each season is added to the margin, resulting in a downward extension of the hymenium. This often results in a zonate appearance of the upper surface, that is, marked by concentric bands of color.

<i>Haploporus</i> (fungus) Genus of fungi

Haploporus is a genus of poroid fungi in the family Polyporaceae.

<i>Gloeoporus</i> Genus of fungi

Gloeoporus is a genus of crust fungi in the family Irpicaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution.

<i>Antrodiella</i> Genus of fungi

Antrodiella is a genus of fungi in the family Steccherinaceae of the order Polyporales.

<i>Amauroderma</i> Genus of fungi

Amauroderma is a genus of polypore fungi in the family Ganodermataceae. The genus, widespread in tropical areas, contains about 70 species. Amauroderma fungi are wood-decay fungi that feed and fruit on decayed branches and trunks.

<i>Bjerkandera</i> Genus of fungi

Bjerkandera is a genus of wood-rotting fungi in the family Meruliaceae.

<i>Datronia</i> Genus of fungi

Datronia is a genus of poroid crust fungi in the family Polyporaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Marinus Anton Donk in 1966, with Datronia mollis as the type species. Datronia fungi cause a white rot in hardwoods. Datronia contains six species found in northern temperate areas. The most recent addition, Datronia ustulatiligna, was described in 2015 from Himachal Pradesh in India.

<i>Dichomitus</i> Genus of fungi

Dichomitus is a genus of poroid crust fungi in the family Polyporaceae. It was circumscribed by English mycologist Derek Reid in 1965.

Grammothele is a genus of poroid crust fungi in the family Polyporaceae.

<i>Microporellus</i> Genus of fungi

Microporellus is a genus of poroid fungi in the family Polyporaceae.

<i>Nigroporus</i> Genus of fungi

Nigroporus is a genus of poroid fungi in the family Steccherinaceae. The genus was circumscribed by American mycologist William Alphonso Murrill in 1905. Nigroporus has a pantropical distribution. The genus name combines the Latin word niger ("black") with the Ancient Greek word πόρος ("pore").

<i>Skeletocutis</i> Genus of fungi

Skeletocutis is a genus of about 40 species of poroid fungi in the family Polyporaceae. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, although most species are found in the Northern Hemisphere. It causes a white rot in a diverse array of woody substrates, and the fruit bodies grow as a crust on the surface of the decaying wood. Sometimes the edges of the crust are turned outward to form rudimentary bracket-like caps.

<i>Tyromyces</i> Genus of fungi

Tyromyces is a genus of poroid fungi in the family Polyporaceae. It was circumscribed by mycologist Petter Karsten in 1881. The type species is the widely distributed Tyromyces chioneus, commonly known as the white cheese polypore. The phylogenetic position of Tyromyces within the Polyporales is uncertain, but it appears that it does not belong to the "core polyporoid clade". Tyromyces is polyphyletic as it is currently circumscribed, and has been described as "a dumping place for monomitic white-rot species with thin-walled spores."

<i>Skeletocutis amorpha</i> Species of fungus

Skeletocutis amorpha is a species of poroid fungus in the family Polyporaceae, and the type species of the genus Skeletocutis.

<i>Nigroporus vinosus</i> Species of fungus

Nigroporus vinosus is a species of poroid fungus in the family Steccherinaceae, and the type species of the genus Nigroporus. Its fruit bodies have brownish caps with tinges of purple or red. The cap underside has a pore surface the same colour as the cap, and minute pores. Nigroporus vinosus has a pantropical distribution. It has been recorded from Africa, North America, Central America, South America, Asia, and Oceania. It is a wood-decay fungus that causes a white rot.

<i>Loweomyces fractipes</i> Species of fungus

Loweomyces fractipes is a species of poroid fungus in the family Steccherinaceae, and the type species of the genus Loweomyces. It is a widely distributed species, found in North America, Europe, Central America, South America, and Korea.

Polyporus minutosquamosus is a species of poroid fungus in the family Polyporaceae. Discovered in a tropical rainforest in Kaw, French Guiana, it was described as new to science in 2016 by mycologists Kadri Runnel and Leif Ryvarden. The fungus is characterized by a lateral stipe and fan-shaped caps with numerous small black scales. Phylogenetic analysis shows that although it is nested within the Polyporus sensu lato clade, it does not group with any of the subclades that have been previously identified in this genus.

<i>Datroniella scutellata</i> Species of fungus

Datroniella scutellata is a species of fungus in the family Polyporaceae, and the type species of genus Datroniella.

References

  1. ↑ Micheli, P.A. (1729). Nova Plantarum Genera. Florentia: Typis Bernardi Paperinii. p. 129, t. 70–71.
  2. ↑ Donk, M.A. (1960). "The generic names proposed for Polyporaceae". Persoonia. 1 (2): 173–302.
  3. ↑ Fries E.M. (1855). Novae Symbolae Mycologicae (in Latin). Uppsala: Excudit C.A. Leffler Reg. Acad. Typographus. pp. 17–136.
  4. ↑ Núñez, Maria; Ryvarden, Leif (1995). "Polyporus (Basidiomycotina) and related genera". Synopsis Fungorum. 10: 1–85.
  5. ↑ Clements, Frederic E.; Shear, Cornelius L. (1931). The Genera of Fungi. New York: Hafner Publishing. p. 347.
  6. ↑ Krüger, D.; Gargas A. (2004). "The basidiomycete genus Polyporus—an emendation based on phylogeny and putative secondary structure of ribosomal RNA molecules". Feddes Repertorium. 115 (7–8): 530–546. doi:10.1002/fedr.200311052.
  7. ↑ Ryvarden, L.; Melo, I. (2014). Poroid Fungi of Europe. Synopsis Fungorum. Vol. 31. Oslo, Norway: Fungiflora. p. 350. ISBN   978-8290724462.
  8. ↑ Overholts, Lee Oras (1953). The Polyporaceae of the United States, Alaska and Canada. University of Michigan Studies. Vol. 19.
  9. ↑ da Silveira, Rosa Mara Borges; Wright, Jorge Eduardo (2005). "The taxonomy of Echinochaete and Polyporus s. str. in South America". Mycotaxon. 93: 1–59.
  10. ↑ Sotome, Kozue; Hattori, Tsutomu; Ota, Yuko; To-Anun, Chaiwat; Salleh, Baharuddin; Kakishima, Makoto (2008). "Phylogenetic relationships of Polyporus and morphologically allied genera". Mycologia. 100 (4): 603–615. doi:10.3852/07-191R. JSTOR   20444985. PMID   18833753. S2CID   22100239.
  11. ↑ Runnel, Kadri; Ryvarden, Leif (2016). "Polyporus minutosquamosus sp. nov. from tropical rainforests in French Guiana with a key to neotropical species of Polyporus (Polyporaceae, Basidiomycota)". Nova Hedwigia. 103 (3–4): 339–347. doi:10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2016/0354.


This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.