Refugee Olympic Team at the 2016 Summer Olympics

Last updated

Refugee Olympic Team at the
2016 Summer Olympics
Olympic flag.svg
Individuals competed under the Olympic Flag
IOC code EOR
(ROT used at these Games)
in Rio de Janeiro
Competitors10 in 3 sports
Flag bearers Rose Lokonyen (opening) [1]
Popole Misenga (closing)
Medals
Gold
0
Silver
0
Bronze
0
Total
0
Summer Olympics appearances (overview)

The Refugee Olympic Team competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016, as independent Olympic participants.

Contents

In March 2016, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Thomas Bach declared that the IOC would choose five to ten refugees to compete at the 2016 Summer Olympics, in the context of the "worldwide refugee crisis", [2] of which the European migrant crisis is a prominent part. [3] Additionally, as part of an effort "to show solidarity with the world's refugees", [4] the United Nations Refugee Agency selected Ibrahim Al-Hussein, a Syrian refugee residing in Athens, Greece, to carry the Olympic flame through the Eleonas refugee and migrant camp in the city as part of the 2016 torch relay. [5]

Initially, the team was named "Team of Refugee Olympic Athletes", with the IOC country code ROA, [6] but in June 2016 this was changed to Refugee Olympic Team with the country code ROT. [7] [8]

The athletes officially competed under the Olympic Flag. The Refugee Nation flag was also used in an unofficial capacity to represent the team. [9]

Team selection and funding

The IOC identified 43 potential candidates for inclusion in the team with the final selection to take into account sporting ability, personal circumstances, and United Nations-verified refugee status. [6] In order to pay for athlete training, a fund of US$2 million was created by the IOC. National Olympic Committees (NOCs) were then asked to identify any displaced athletes in their countries who might be able to reach Olympic standard. [10]

An initial three athletes were identified as potential competitors for Rio; Yusra Mardini, a 17-year-old Syrian swimmer, who crossed from Turkey into Greece in an inflatable boat (swimming after its motor had stopped) before crossing Europe by train through mainland Greece, the Balkans, Hungary and Austria to eventually reach Germany where she now lives and trains; [11] Raheleh Asemani, an Iranian taekwondo athlete training in Belgium; and judoka Popole Misenga, originally from the Democratic Republic of Congo but now living in Brazil. [10] Mardini and Asemani have received IOC Olympic Solidarity scholarships. [11] Asemani was later granted Belgian citizenship and applied to compete instead for the Belgian team, with International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Thomas Bach saying that such permission was expected to be granted. [12]

Additional candidates were identified: among refugees of the Syrian Civil War, cyclists Ahmad Badreddin Wais and Nazir Jaser and triathlete Mohamad Masoo; and in Kakuma refugee camp in Kenya, where a support program run by former marathon world record holder Tegla Loroupe identified 23 athletes. [10] [11]

Refugee Olympic team arriving in Rio de Janeiro Rio 2016 Refugees 1033413-29072016- dsc1069.jpg
Refugee Olympic team arriving in Rio de Janeiro

On 3 June 2016, the IOC announced a team of ten athletes would compete as part of the refugee team at the Games. [2] The team was led by Loroupe, who acted as a "peace ambassador". [13] Rose Lokonyen was selected as the flag bearer for the opening ceremony, and judoka Popole Misenga was chosen to carry the flag for the closing ceremony. [14] [15]

AthleteCountry of originHost NOCSportEvent
James Chiengjiek Flag of South Sudan.svg  South Sudan Flag of Kenya.svg  Kenya Athletics 400 m
Yiech Biel Flag of South Sudan.svg  South Sudan Flag of Kenya.svg  Kenya Athletics 800 m
Paulo Lokoro Flag of South Sudan.svg  South Sudan Flag of Kenya.svg  Kenya Athletics 1500 m
Yonas Kinde Flag of Ethiopia.svg  Ethiopia Flag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg Athletics Marathon
Popole Misenga Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg  Democratic Republic of Congo Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Judo 90 kg
Rami Anis Flag of Syria.svg  Syria Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Swimming 100 m butterfly
Rose Lokonyen Flag of South Sudan.svg  South Sudan Flag of Kenya.svg  Kenya Athletics 800 m
Anjelina Lohalith Flag of South Sudan.svg  South Sudan Flag of Kenya.svg  Kenya Athletics 1500 m
Yolande Mabika Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg  Democratic Republic of Congo Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Judo 70 kg
Yusra Mardini Flag of Syria.svg  Syria Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Swimming 100 m freestyle

Athletics

Rose Lokonyen arriving in Rio de Janeiro for the Olympic Games Rose Nathike Lokonyen.jpg
Rose Lokonyen arriving in Rio de Janeiro for the Olympic Games

Four men and two women competed in the Games in the athletics competitions. [2] Yonas Kinde is originally from Ethiopia and was 36 years old at the time of these Olympics, and competed in the men's Marathon. [16] On 21 August, he finished the Marathon in 2 hours, 24 minutes and 8 seconds which put him in 90th place out of 140 classified finishers. [17] James Chiengjiek, originally from South Sudan was 24 years old at the time. [18] He took part in the 400 meters, Assigned to the fourth heat, he finished in a time of 52.89 seconds, which was eighth in the heat. Only the top three from each heat, plus the next three fastest overall, were allowed to progress, meaning he was eliminated. [19] Yiech Biel, also originally from South Sudan, was 21 at the time of the Olympics. [20] Biel's race was the 800 m meters, where he finished eighth in his heat with a time of 1 minute and 54.67 seconds, insufficient to qualify for the next round. [21]

Rose Lokonyen, also from South Sudan, was 21 years of age at the time of the Rio Olympics. [22] She raced in the 800 meters and was seventh in her heat with a time of 2 minutes and 16.64 seconds. [23] In this race, the top two from each heat, as well as the next eight fastest overall qualified to move on, but Lokonyen's time was not fast enough to do so. [23] Anjelina Lohalith was 23 at the time of these Olympics and was also originally from South Sudan. [24] She ran in the women's 1500 meters race, and finished 14th and last in her heat with a time of 4 minutes and 47.38 seconds, eliminating her from the competition. [25] Paulo Lokoro ran the men's 1500 meters; he was 24 years old and originally from South Sudan. [26] He finished 11th in his heat with a time of 4 minutes and 3.96 seconds, out of 12 classified finishers of his heat. [27] This was not sufficient to advance him to the semi-finals. [28]

Key
Track & road events
AthleteEventHeatSemifinalFinal
ResultRankResultRankResultRank
James Chiengjiek Men's 400 m 52.898Did not advance
Yiech Biel Men's 800 m 1:54.678Did not advance
Paulo Lokoro Men's 1500 m 4:03.9611Did not advance
Yonas Kinde Men's marathon 2:24:0890
Rose Lokonyen Women's 800 m 2:16.647Did not advance
Anjelina Lohalith Women's 1500 m 4:47.3814Did not advance

Judo

Two judokas were selected as part of the team, one male and one female. Both Popole Misenga and Yolande Mabika are originally from the Democratic Republic of Congo but have been training in Brazil. [2] Misenga was 24 years old at the time of these Olympics. [29] He competed in the men's middleweight competition, held on 10 August, and received a bye through the first round. [30] In the second round, he beat Avtar Singh of India, [31] and in the third round lost to eventual bronze medalist Gwak Dong-han of South Korea. [32] Misenga was officially recorded as finishing in a tie for ninth place. [33] Mabika was 28 years old at the time of the Rio Olympics. [34] On 10 August, she lost in the first round of the women's −70 kg to Linda Bolder of Israel. [35] She is recorded as finishing a joint 17th place. [36]

AthleteEventRound of 64Round of 32Round of 16QuarterfinalsSemifinalsRepechageFinal / BM
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank
Popole Misenga Men's −90 kg ByeFlag of India.svg  Singh  (IND)
W 001–000
Flag of South Korea.svg  Gwak D-h  (KOR)
L 000–100
Did not advance
Yolande Mabika Women's −70 kg Flag of Israel.svg  Bolder  (ISR)
L 000–110
Did not advance

Swimming

Yusra Mardini was one of two swimmers for the Refugee Team in Rio. Yusra Mardini portrait.png
Yusra Mardini was one of two swimmers for the Refugee Team in Rio.

Two swimmers were selected for the team, one male and one female; Rami Anis, originally from Syria, and since then living in Belgium and Yusra Mardini, also originally from Syria, and living in Germany at the time. An assistant coach, Khamis Agear, is also from Syria. [2] Anis was 25 years old at the time of the Rio Olympics. [37] On 9 August, he took part in the men's 100 meters freestyle's first round, from where the top 16 swimmers proceeded to the semifinals. [38] His time was 54.25 seconds, 6th of 8 swimmers in his heat [38] and 56th of 59 overall competitors, so he was eliminated in the first round. [39] On 11 August he competed in the men's 100 meters butterfly. In the first round, he swam a time of 56.23 seconds, last in his heat. [40] As the top 16 could proceed to the semifinals, [40] and he was ranked 40th overall, he was unable to advance. [41]

Mardini was 18 years old at the time of the 2016 Olympics. [42] On 6 August, she swam in the first round of the women's 100 meters butterfly and won her heat in a time of 1 minute and 9.21 seconds. [43] However, only the top 16 overall were to advance to the semifinals, [43] and her overall ranking was 40th. [44] Next for her was the women's 100 meters freestyle on 10 August. She was 7th in her heat with a time of 1 minute and 4.66 seconds, and, as usual, the top 16 overall fastest times made the semifinals. [45] Her overall placement with that time was 45th, so she was eliminated. [46]

AthleteEventHeatSemifinalFinal
TimeRankTimeRankTimeRank
Rami Anis Men's 100 m butterfly 56.2340Did not advance
Men's 100 m freestyle 54.2556Did not advance
Yusra Mardini Women's 100 m freestyle 1:04.6645Did not advance
Women's 100 m butterfly 1:09.2141Did not advance

Qualifiers for the latter rounds of all events were decided on a time-only basis, therefore ranks shown are overall results versus competitors in all heats.

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2016 Summer Olympics</span> Multi-sport event in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

The 2016 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the XXXI Olympiad and also known as Rio 2016, was an international multi-sport event held from 5 to 21 August 2016 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with preliminary events in some sports beginning on 3 August. Rio de Janeiro was announced as the host city at the 121st IOC Session in Copenhagen, Denmark, on 2 October 2009.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Equatorial Guinea at the 1984 Summer Olympics</span> Sporting event delegation

Equatorial Guinea competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States, which were held from 28 July to 12 August. This was the first time the country took part in a Summer Olympics. The delegation consisted of four athletics competitors: sprinters Gustavo Envela and Secundino Borabota, and middle-distance runners Bartolomé Esono Asumu and Diosdado Lozano. All four failed to advance beyond the initial heats in their respective competitions. The best performance came from Envela who placed fifth in the eighth heat of the men's 100 metres.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saint Kitts and Nevis at the Olympics</span> Sporting event delegation

Saint Kitts and Nevis first participated at the Olympic Games in 1996, and have competed in every Summer Olympic Games since then. The country has never won an Olympic medal and has not competed at the Winter Olympic Games.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kosovo at the Olympics</span> Sporting event delegation

Kosovo made its Olympic debut as a member state in 2016. Its team is organized by the Olympic Committee of Kosovo (OCK), created in 1992 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee on 9 December 2014. It won its first medal in its debut appearance in 2016, when judoka Majlinda Kelmendi took gold in the women's -52 kg category. In the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, Nora Gjakova won gold in the women's judo -57 kg class, and Distria Krasniqi won gold in the women's judo -48 kg class.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">São Tomé and Príncipe at the 2008 Summer Olympics</span> Sporting event delegation

São Tomé and Príncipe competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China from 8–24 August 2008. This marked the country's fourth entry in the Olympics, since its debut in the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. The country's delegation consisted of three competitors, competing in two disciplines: they were athletics competitors Naiel Santiago D'Almeida and Celma Bonfim da Graça, and canoeist Alcino Silva. None of the competitors made it to their event final, though Silva did advance to the semi-finals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saint Kitts and Nevis Olympic Committee</span> National Olympic Committee

The Saint Kitts and Nevis Olympic Committee is the National Olympic Committee (NOC) representing Saint Kitts and Nevis at the Olympic Games. It is also the body responsible for Saint Kitts and Nevis's representation at the Commonwealth Games. The executive board consists of the president, secretary general, vice president, assistant secretary general, and four members. The president is Alphonso Bridgewater and the secretary general is Glenville Jeffers. The committee has overseen six Olympic and five Commonwealth Games, winning one gold medal at the 2002 Commonwealth Games, by Kim Collins in the 100 meters.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tuvalu at the Olympics</span> Sporting event delegation

Tuvalu participates in the Olympic Games in the Summer Olympics. They have yet to compete at the Winter Olympics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eritrea at the 2016 Summer Olympics</span> Sporting event delegation

Eritrea competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. It was the nation's fifth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Djibouti at the 2016 Summer Olympics</span> Sporting event delegation

Djibouti competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. The nation's participation marked its eighth appearance at the Summer Olympics. Djibouti did not field any athletes at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yusra Mardini</span> Syrian swimmer (born 1998)

Yusra Mardini OLY is a Syrian former competition swimmer and refugee of the Syrian civil war. She was a member of the Refugee Olympic Athletes Team (ROT) that competed under the Olympic flag at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. On 27 April 2017, Mardini was appointed a UNHCR Goodwill Ambassador. She also competed in the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo with the Refugee Olympic Team (EOR). She was named one of the 100 most influential people in the world by Time magazine in 2023, alongside her sister, Sarah.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">São Tomé and Príncipe at the 2016 Summer Olympics</span> Sporting event delegation

São Tomé and Príncipe competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. The country's participation at Rio de Janeiro marked its sixth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics. Three athletes from São Tomé and Princípe were selected for the Games. Romário Leitão and Celma Bonfim da Graça participated in athletics and Buly Triste in flatwater canoeing. Bonfim was the only female on the roster and the only member with prior Olympic experience. Triste was the first male athlete to carry the São Tomé and Princípe flag at the opening ceremony. São Tomé and Princípe has yet to win its first Olympic medal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Somalia at the 2016 Summer Olympics</span> Sporting event delegation

Somalia competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. The country's participation at Rio de Janeiro marked its ninth in the Summer Olympics since its debut in 1972. The delegation included two track and field athletes: sprinter Maryan Nuh Muse and long-distance runner Mohamed Daud Mohamed, who was the nation's flag bearer in the Parade of Nations. Neither athlete progressed past the first round of their respective competitions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Swaziland at the 2016 Summer Olympics</span> Sporting event delegation

Swaziland competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. The country's participation in Rio de Janeiro marked its tenth appearance at the Summer Olympics since its debut in 1972. The delegation included two track and field athletes: Sibusiso Matsenjwa in the men's 200 metres and Phumlile Ndzinisa in the women's 100 metres. Both athletes participated at the Games through wildcard places since they did not meet the required standards to qualify. Neither athletes progressed past their heats, although Matsenjwa set a new national record.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">South Sudan at the 2016 Summer Olympics</span> Sporting event delegation

South Sudan competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. South Sudan had been an independent nation since 2011, but its civil war had delayed its membership with the International Olympic Committee until 2015, making 2016 its first official appearance at the Olympic Games. The country was offered three universality placements in athletics, as no South Sudanese athletes met the Olympic qualifying standards prior to the Games. Three athletes, two men and one woman, competed in three track and field events, but did not win any medals. The sole woman, Margret Rumat Hassan, was given a spot eight days prior to the start of the Games that had been allotted previously to Mangar Makur Chuot. This change was against the advice of the South Sudan Athletics Federation and was due allegedly to pressure from Samsung, for whom Hassan had appeared in an advertisement. The flagbearer for both the opening and closing ceremony was Guor Marial, a marathon runner who, then unable to represent South Sudan, had competed as an Independent Olympic Athlete in 2012. Five South Sudanese nationals also competed as members of the Refugee Olympic Team.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Afghanistan at the 2016 Summer Olympics</span> Sporting event delegation

Afghanistan competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. The country's participation at Rio de Janeiro marked its fourth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics and fourteenth in total. Afghanistan had officially made its debut in 1936 and missed five editions since then. Rohullah Nikpai, who had previously won a medal for Afghanistan in taekwondo, did not participate. Afghanistan failed to earn a single Olympic medal in Rio for the first time since 2004.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maldives at the 2016 Summer Olympics</span> Sporting event delegation

The Maldives competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. This was the nation's eighth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics. The delegation included two track and field athletes: Hassan Saaid and Afa Ismail, as well as swimmers Ibrahim Nishwan and Aminath Shajan. Both Shajan and Ismail were returning competitors from the 2012 London Olympics, with the former leading the Maldivian squad as the flag bearer in the opening ceremony. The Maldives, however, has yet to win its first ever Olympic medal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kiribati at the 2016 Summer Olympics</span> Sporting event delegation

Kiribati competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from August 5 to 21, 2016. This was the nation's fourth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics.

Popole Misenga is a judoka originally from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, who was selected by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to compete for the Refugee Olympic Team at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Yolande Bukasa Mabika is a Congolese-born Brazilian judoka who was selected by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to compete for the Refugee Olympic Team at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. She competed in the women's 70 kg event, losing her first round match against Israeli Linda Bolder.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Refugee Olympic Team at the Olympics</span> Sporting event delegation

The Refugee Olympic Team is a group made up of independent Olympic participants who are refugees. In March 2016, International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Thomas Bach announced the creation of the Refugee Olympic Athletes Team, as a symbol of hope for all refugees in the world in order to raise global awareness of the scale of the migrant crisis in Europe. In September 2017, the IOC established the Olympic Refugee Foundation to supporting refugees over the long term.

References

  1. "Refugee Olympic Team flagbearer announced". International Olympic Committee. 4 August 2016. Archived from the original on 5 August 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "Refugee Olympic Team to Shine Spotlight On Worldwide Refugee Crisis". International Olympic Committee. 3 June 2016. Archived from the original on 3 June 2016. Retrieved 3 June 2016.
  3. Swaminathan, Swaroop (23 June 2020). "Wais man's tale". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
  4. "Refugee swimmer, who lost part of his leg in Syrian war, to carry Rio 2016 Olympic Torch". Official Website of Rio 2016. 22 April 2016. Archived from the original on 27 April 2016. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
  5. "Syrian swimmer Ibrahim carried torch for the refugees of the world". olympic.org. Official Website of the Olympic Movement. 27 April 2016. Archived from the original on 28 April 2016. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
  6. 1 2 "Rio 2016: Refugee team to compete at Olympics". BBC Sport. 2 March 2016. Archived from the original on 26 March 2016. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  7. "Refugee Olympic Team". Rio 2016. Archived from the original on 5 August 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  8. "Refugee Olympic Team To Shine Spotlight on Worldwide Refugee Crisis". IOC. Archived from the original on 5 August 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  9. "Creating a Flag and an Anthem for the World's Refugees". 10 January 2017.
  10. 1 2 3 "Refugee team forming for Rio 2016 Olympics: 'We want to send a message of hope'". The National (UAE). Associated Press. 20 March 2016. Archived from the original on 9 May 2016. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  11. 1 2 3 Urken, Ross Kenneth (10 February 2016). "How refugees fleeing Syria and ISIS are keeping their Olympic hopes alive". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 31 May 2016. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  12. "Former refugee Raheleh Asemani earns Belgian citizenship, seeks IOC approval". NBC Olympics. Associated Press. 28 April 2016. Archived from the original on 2 June 2016. Retrieved 3 June 2016.
  13. Tegla Loroupe gives Refugee Olympians A Lesson in Hope Archived 26 August 2016 at the Wayback Machine , Jere Longmam. 4 August 2016, The New York Times, Retrieved 11 September 2016
  14. "The Flagbearers for the Rio 2016 Opening Ceremony". International Olympic Committee. 5 August 2016. Archived from the original on 14 August 2016. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  15. "Rio 2016 Closing Ceremony – Flag Bearers" (PDF). International Olympic Committee. 21 August 2016. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 August 2016. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  16. "Yonas Kinde Bio, Stats, and Results". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  17. "Athletics at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Men's Marathon". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 9 July 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  18. "James Nyang Chiengjiek Bio, Stats, and Results". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  19. "Athletics at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Men's 400 metres Round One". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  20. "Yiech Pur Biel Bio, Stats, and Results". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  21. "Athletics at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Men's 800 metres Round One". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  22. "Rose Nathike Lokonyen Bio, Stats, and Results". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  23. 1 2 "Athletics at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Women's 800 metres Round One". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  24. "Anjelina Nadai Lohalith Bio, Stats, and Results". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  25. "Athletics at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Women's 1,500 metres Round One". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  26. "Paulo Amotun Bio, Stats, and Results". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  27. "Athletics at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Men's 1,500 metres Round One". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  28. "Athletics at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Men's 1,500 metres Semi-Finals". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  29. "Popole Misenga Bio, Stats, and Results". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  30. "Judo at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Men's Middleweight Round One". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  31. "Judo at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Men's Middleweight Round Two". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  32. "Judo at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Men's Middleweight Round Three". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  33. "Judo at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Men's Middleweight". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 23 October 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  34. "Mabika Yolande Bukasa Bio, Stats, and Results". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  35. "Judo at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Women's Middleweight Round One". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  36. "Judo at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Women's Middleweight". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  37. "Rami Anis Bio, Stats, and Results". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  38. 1 2 "Swimming at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Men's 100 metres Freestyle Round One". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  39. "Swimming at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Men's 100 metres Freestyle". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  40. 1 2 "Swimming at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Men's 100 metres Butterfly Round One". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  41. "Swimming at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Men's 100 metres Butterfly". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  42. "Yusra Mardini Bio, Stats, and Results". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  43. 1 2 "Swimming at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Women's 100 metres Butterfly Round One". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  44. "Swimming at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Women's 100 metres Butterfly". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 7 May 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  45. "Swimming at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Women's 100 metres Freestyle Round One". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  46. "Swimming at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games: Women's 100 metres Freestyle". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 7 May 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2018.