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The Lord President of the Court of Session and Lord Justice General is the most senior judge in Scotland,the head of the judiciary,and the presiding judge of the College of Justice,the Court of Session,and the High Court of Justiciary. The Lord President holds the title of Lord Justice General of Scotland and the head of the High Court of Justiciary ex officio,as the two offices were combined in 1836. The Lord President has authority over any court established under Scots law,except for the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom and the Court of the Lord Lyon.
The Court of Session is the supreme civil court of Scotland and constitutes part of the College of Justice;the supreme criminal court of Scotland is the High Court of Justiciary. The Court of Session sits in Parliament House in Edinburgh and is both a trial court and a court of appeal. Decisions of the court can be appealed to the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom,with the permission of either the Inner House or the Supreme Court. The Court of Session and the local sheriff courts of Scotland have concurrent jurisdiction for all cases with a monetary value in excess of £100,000;the plaintiff is given first choice of court. However,the majority of complex,important,or high value cases are brought in the Court of Session. Cases can be remitted to the Court of Session from the sheriff courts,including the Sheriff Personal Injury Court,at the request of the presiding sheriff. Legal aid,administered by the Scottish Legal Aid Board,is available to persons with little disposable income for cases in the Court of Session.
Lynda Margaret Clark,Baroness Clark of Calton,known as Lady Clark of Calton,is a Scottish judge. She was formerly the Labour Member of Parliament for Edinburgh Pentlands. She was Advocate General for Scotland from the creation of that position in 1999 until 2006,whereupon she became a Judge of the Court of Session in Scotland.
The High Court of Justiciary is the supreme criminal court in Scotland. The High Court is both a trial court and a court of appeal. As a trial court,the High Court sits on circuit at Parliament House or in the adjacent former Sheriff Court building in the Old Town in Edinburgh,or in dedicated buildings in Glasgow and Aberdeen. The High Court sometimes sits in various smaller towns in Scotland,where it uses the local sheriff court building. As an appeal court,the High Court sits only in Edinburgh. On one occasion the High Court of Justiciary sat outside Scotland,at Zeist in the Netherlands during the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing trial,as the Scottish Court in the Netherlands. At Zeist the High Court sat both as a trial court,and an appeal court for the initial appeal by Abdelbaset al-Megrahi.
Brenda Marjorie Hale,Baroness Hale of Richmond,,is a British judge who served as President of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom from 2017 until her retirement in 2020.
Lady Elish Frances Angiolini is a Scottish solicitor. She was the lord advocate of Scotland from 2006 until 2011,having previously been solicitor general since 2001. She was the first woman,the first procurator fiscal,and the first solicitor to hold either post. Since September 2012,Angiolini has been the principal of St Hugh's College,Oxford. She has been a pro-vice-chancellor of the University of Oxford since 2017 and is an Honorary Professor of the Chinese University of Hong Kong. She also served as Chancellor of University of the West of Scotland from 2013 to 2021. Since leaving office she has led several investigations and inquiries,including a review of deaths in police custody commissioned by the then-Home Secretary Theresa May. In June 2022,she was appointed a Lady of the Order of the Thistle by Queen Elizabeth II;she is currently the only non-royal woman appointed to the order. In June 2023,she was appointed to the office of Lord Clerk Register by King Charles III,the first woman to hold the role since its creation in the 13th century.
Hazel Josephine Cosgrove,Lady Cosgrove,CBE,is a Scottish lawyer and judge who served as a Senator of the College of Justice from 1996 to 2006. She was the first woman appointed to the College of Justice.
The Judicial Appointments Board for Scotland is an advisory non-departmental public body of the Scottish Government responsible for making recommendations on appointments to certain offices of the judiciary of Scotland. It was established in June 2002 on a non-statutory,ad hoc,basis by the Scottish Government,and was given statutory authority by the Judiciary and Courts (Scotland) Act 2008.
Francis Mulholland,Lord Mulholland,is a Scottish judge who has been a Senator of the College of Justice since 2016. He previously served from 2011 to 2016 as Lord Advocate,one of the Great Officers of State of Scotland and the country's chief Law Officer,and as Solicitor General,the junior Law Officer.
Ann Paton,Lady Paton,is a Scottish advocate and judge. She is a Senator of the College of Justice,sitting in the High Court of Justiciary and the Inner House of the Court of Session. In 2019 she became the Chairman of the Scottish Law Commission. Paton is currently Scotland's longest-serving female judge and was the second woman ever appointed as a Senator of the College of Justice,after Lady Cosgrove.
Leeona June Dorrian,Lady DorrianPC,KC is a Scottish advocate and judge who has served as the Lord Justice Clerk since 2016. She is the first woman to hold the position. She has been a Senator of the College of Justice since 2005,having served as a temporary judge for three years prior.
The judiciary of Scotland are the judicial office holders who sit in the courts of Scotland and make decisions in both civil and criminal cases. Judges make sure that cases and verdicts are within the parameters set by Scots law,and they must hand down appropriate judgments and sentences. Judicial independence is guaranteed in law,with a legal duty on Scottish Ministers,the Lord Advocate and the Members of the Scottish Parliament to uphold judicial independence,and barring them from influencing the judges through any form of special access.
Morag Barbara Wise,Lady Wise,is the President of the Scottish Tribunals and a Senator of the College of Justice,a judge of the Scotland's Supreme Courts.
Sue Lascelles Carr,Baroness Carr of Walton-on-the-Hill,,is an English judge who has served as Lady Chief Justice of England and Wales since 1 October 2023. She is the first woman to serve as the head of the judiciary of England and Wales since the inception of the office of Lord Chief Justice in the 13th century. Carr previously served as a High Court judge from 2013 to 2020 and a Lady Justice of Appeal from 2020 to 2023.
Rita Rae,Lady Rae is a Scottish lawyer,judge and a former Senator of the College of Justice.
Sarah Poyntell LaBudde Wolffe,Lady Wolffe is an American-born Scottish lawyer and judge who is currently a Professorship at the University of Strathclyde. She previously served as Senator of the College of Justice from 2014 to 2021. Wolffe was the first US-born member of the Scottish judiciary and the first woman appointed as a Commercial Judge in the Court of Session.
Events from the year 2016 in Scotland.
Ailsa Jane Carmichael,Lady Carmichael is a Scottish advocate and judge who has served as a Senator of the College of Justice since 2016.
Prior to the 20th Century,there were few women in law in the United Kingdom. Prior to the Sex Disqualification (Removal) Act 1919,women were not permitted to practice law in the United Kingdom. By 1931 there were around 100 female solicitors. The first female-only law partnership was founded in 1933. By 2019 51% of British solicitors were women.
Anna Isabel Poole,Lady Poole is a Senator of the College of Justice in Scotland. Prior to her appointment as Senator,she was a Judge of the UK Upper Tribunal,Administrative Appeals Chamber. Lady Poole was educated at Madras College,St Andrews,and at Somerville and Magdalen Colleges,Oxford.
References
- 1 2 "Three new Senators of the College of Justice appointed". www.scotcourts.gov.uk. Scottish Courts and Tribunals Service. 4 February 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
- 1 2 3 4 "Lady Haldane". judiciary.scot. The Judiciary of Scotland. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
- ↑ "ALUMNAE NEWS: Lady of the law - Shona Haldane QC". The Dragon Magazine (6). May 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
- 1 2 "New senators installed at Parliament House ceremony". Scottish Legal News. 23 February 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
- ↑ "Shona Haldane QC appointed Senator". amadvocates.co.uk. Arnot Manderson Advocates. 5 February 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
- ↑ "Petition of the Scottish Ministers for Judicial Review of the Gender Recognition Reform (Scotland) Bill". scts_judiciary. Retrieved 2023-12-08.
