Southwest Airlines Flight 345

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Southwest Airlines Flight 345
Southwest Flight 345 after nose-first crash landing on RWY 4 at LaGuardia 22 July 2013.jpg
The Boeing 737 involved, after evacuation, with emergency slides deployed
Accident
DateJuly 22, 2013 (2013-07-22)
SummaryLanding gear collapse on landing due to pilot error
Site LaGuardia Airport, New York City, United States
40°46′29″N73°52′44″W / 40.77472°N 73.87889°W / 40.77472; -73.87889
Aircraft
Aircraft type Boeing 737-7H4
Operator Southwest Airlines
IATA flight No.WN345
ICAO flight No.SWA345
Call signSOUTHWEST 345
Registration N753SW
Flight origin Nashville International Airport, Tennessee, United States
Destination LaGuardia Airport, New York City, United States
Occupants150
Passengers145
Crew5
Fatalities0
Injuries9
Survivors150

Southwest Airlines Flight 345 was a scheduled flight from Nashville International Airport, Tennessee, to New York City's LaGuardia Airport. On July 22, 2013, the Boeing 737 operating the route suffered a front landing gear collapse while landing at LaGuardia Airport, injuring 9 people on board. [1] [2] The aircraft, which was worth an estimated $15.5 million at the time, was written off and scrapped as a result of the accident. [3]

Contents

Accident

NTSB file photo, showing the extent of the damage to the electronics bay, with the collapsed nose gear jammed into it, only the right axle attached Landing gear of Southwest Airlines Flight 345.jpg
NTSB file photo, showing the extent of the damage to the electronics bay, with the collapsed nose gear jammed into it, only the right axle attached

The aircraft landed on runway 4 with its nose landing gear touching down prior to the main landing gear. [4] The aircraft's nose gear collapsed upward into the body of the aircraft, causing substantial damage to the avionics electronics bay in the fuselage. [5] [6] [7] The aircraft slid 2,175 feet (663 m) on its nose along the runway, arresting off to the right of the runway pavement. [6] The plane came to a stop halfway down the runway [8] after skidding on its nose in a sea of sparks. [9]

As a result of the crash, the two-runway airport was closed until its rescue assets were available again. Two hours later, the airport's other runway reopened for traffic. The airport cleared and inspected the affected runway, and removed the aircraft in time for the earliest next day departures. [8] [9] Nine occupants were treated for minor injuries, [5] all sustained during evacuation, [6] six of whom were taken to local hospitals. [9]

Aircraft and crew

N753SW, the aircraft involved, seen at Las Vegas McCarran International Airport, in 2011 N753SW Southwest Airlines 1999 Boeing 737-7H4 C-N 29848 (5902577551).jpg
N753SW, the aircraft involved, seen at Las Vegas McCarran International Airport, in 2011

The aircraft was a 13-year-old Boeing 737-700, registered as N753SW, owned and operated by Southwest Airlines. [1] [5] [8] [10] The serial number of the aircraft was 29848 and its line number was 400. The airplane had its Maiden flight on October 6, 1999, and delivered to Southwest Airlines on October 21.

Flight 345's captain, who was 49 years old, had flown for Southwest Airlines for nearly 13 years, 6 years in the rank as captain. [11] At the time of the accident, she had a total of 12,000 hours of flight time, including 2,600 flight hours as captain of a Boeing 737. [12]

The first officer, who was 44 years old, had 20 years of prior experience in the United States Air Force and had been hired by Southwest Airlines a year and a half before the accident. [12]

Investigation

On July 26, 2013, the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) issued a press release disclosing its initial findings, which included:

No mechanical malfunctions were found, but the nose landing gear collapsed due to stress overload. [13] The NTSB's investigation became focused on the behavior of the flight crew during Flight 345's approach into LaGuardia Airport. [11] [12] The NTSB discovered that Flight 345's captain had been the subject of multiple complaints by first officers who had flown with her. [11] Southwest's flight operations manual requires its pilots to abort a landing if the plane is not properly configured by the time it descends to 1,000 ft (300 m). [12] Analyzing flight recorder data, the NTSB determined that the captain had changed the airplane's flaps from 30 degrees to 40 degrees at an altitude of only 500 ft (150 m). [12] At 100–200 ft (30–61 m), the captain observed that the plane was still above the glide slope, and ordered the first officer to "get down" instead of aborting the landing. [12] At an altitude of only 27 ft (8.2 m) and 3 seconds from touching down, the captain took control of the aircraft from the first officer. [12] The plane was descending at 960 ft/min (4.9 m/s) in a nose-down position when its nose wheel struck the runway. [12]

The NTSB ultimately concluded that the crash was due to pilot error. Specifically, the NTSB faulted the captain for failing to take control of the aircraft or abort the landing earlier, noting that the captain had warnings at 500 ft (150 m) (due to the flaps misconfiguration) and at 100–200 ft (30–61 m) (when the captain observed the plane was above the glide slope) and could have aborted the landing at that time. The NTSB determined that the captain's failure to take control until the plane had descended to only 27 ft (8.2 m) "did not allow her adequate time to correct the airplane's deteriorating energy state and prevent the nose landing gear from striking the runway." [12]

Aftermath

On October 2, 2013, Southwest Airlines announced that it had fired Flight 345's captain. The airline also announced that it was requiring Flight 345's first officer to undergo additional training. [14] [15] Neither pilot was publicly identified by the airline. [15]

The Boeing 737 involved in the accident, worth an estimated $15.5 million at the time, was found to be too extensively damaged to be repaired and was written off as a total loss. [3] The aircraft was ultimately removed from LaGuardia Airport via barge to the Port of Albany (New York) in November 2013, where the airframe was broken up by a salvage dealer at the Port of Albany in March 2014, with some parts trucked to Owego for final destruction. [16] [17] The accident represents the third hull loss of a Boeing 737-700. [5]

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References

PD-icon.svg This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Transportation Safety Board.

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