Supreme Soviet of Azerbaijan

Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan SSR
Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan Republic

Азәрбајҹан ССР Али Совети
Azərbaycan Respublikasının Ali Soveti (Azerbaijani)
Верховный Совет Азербайджанской ССР
Верховный Совет Азербайджанской Республики
(Russian)
Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan SSR; Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan Republic; Азәрбајҹан ССР Али Совети; Azərbaycan Respublikasının Ali Soveti (Azerbaijani); Верховный Совет Азербайджанской ССР; Верховный Совет Азербайджанской Республики ; (Russian)
Azerbaijan SSR (1938–1991) ; Azerbaijan (1991–1995)
	Emblem before (left) and after (right) the dissolution of the Soviet Union
Type
Type	Supreme Soviet
History
Established	24 June 1938
Disbanded	12 November 1995
Preceded by	Parliament of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
Succeeded by	National Assembly
Leadership
Chairman	Rasul Guliyev (last)
Elections
Last election	1990
Meeting place
	Building of the Supreme Soviet, Baku

Last updated May 18, 2024

The Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan SSR^{[lower-alpha 1]}, later renamed as the Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan Republic^{[lower-alpha 2]}^{[lower-alpha 3]} from 1991 until its abolition in 1995, was the supreme soviet (main legislative institution) of the Azerbaijan SSR, and later the Republic of Azerbaijan. In 1994, the Supreme Soviet was renamed to the National Assembly and was officially disbanded in 12 November 1995 when a semi-presidential system was implemented.^[2]

History

During the last session of Azerbaijani Parliament on April 27, 1920 under pressure of the Bolshevik Russian 11th Red Army and ultimatum from Caucasian Committee of the Russian Communist Party which invaded Azerbaijan, the deputies decided to disband the government in favour of the Bolsheviks to avoid bloodshed. Once the Bolsheviks took over, they abolished all structures of the Azerbaijani government and established the Azerbaijan Interim Revolutionary Committee administered by Azerbaijani communists Nariman Narimanov, Aliheydar Garayev, Gazanfar Musabekov, Hamid Sultanov and Dadash Bunyadzade. The Bolsheviks dissolved the Azerbaijani Army, executed its generals and officers, and nationalized private industries.

In May 1921, the first All-Azerbaijan Soviet Session made up of newly elected deputies from all regions of Azerbaijan convened in Baku. The elected deputies were mainly drawn from poor, uneducated, unprepared factory workers and villagers which facilitated complete rule from Moscow.^{[ citation needed ]} The first session established the Azerbaijan Central Executive Committee consisting of 75 members and its board with 13 members. From 1921 through 1937, nine sessions of All-Azerbaijan Soviets were convened. In 1937, during the 9th session of the All-Azerbaijani Soviets a new Azerbaijan SSR Constitution was ratified and the new legislative body the Supreme Soviet of Azerbaijan SSR was established.

The first elections to Supreme Soviet took place on June 24, 1938. Out of 310 deputies elected, 107 were workers, 88 collective farmers and 115 educated civil servants. Seventy two of the deputies were women. Due to the authoritarian nature of Soviet rule where most new initiatives were met with hostility, the parliament was virtually ineffective. Due to multiple reforms and restructuring in the government of the Azerbaijan SSR in the 1970s–1980s, the role of the Supreme Soviet increased. Many legislative reforms including the ratification of the new Azerbaijan SSR Constitution of 1977 took place. After the demands of the Armenian SSR to transfer the NKAO region of Azerbaijan to Armenia, the parliament was largely passive and indifferent. On October 18, 1991 the Supreme Soviet passed a resolution confirming the restoration of the independence of Azerbaijan.^[3]

Convocations

1st Convocation (1938–1946)
2nd Convocation (1947–1950)
3rd Convocation (1951–1954)
4th Convocation (1955–1959)
5th Convocation (1959–1962)
6th Convocation (1963–1966)
7th Convocation (1967–1970)
8th Convocation (1971–1975)
9th Convocation (1975–1979)
10th Convocation (1980–1984)
11th Convocation (1985–1990)
12th Convocation (1991–1995)

Chairmen

No.	Name (Birth–Death)	Took office	Left office	Political party
Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet
1	Mir Teymur Yagubov (1904–1970)	18 July 1938	7 April 1941	CPSU
2	Aziz Aliyev (1896–1962)	7 April 1941	6 March 1944	CPSU
3	Sultan Gafarzade (1908–1955)	6 March 1944	22 March 1947	CPSU
4	Yusif Yusifov (1906–1995)	22 March 1947	26 March 1951	CPSU
5	Aghamirza Ahmadov (1905–1964)	26 March 1951	18 April 1953	CPSU
6	Mustafa Topchubashov (1895–1981)	18 April 1953	25 March 1955	CPSU
7	Abdulla Bayramov (1912–1977)	25 March 1955	23 January 1958	CPSU
8	Mirza Ibrahimov (1911–1993)	23 January 1958	25 March 1959	CPSU
9	Gazanfar Jafarli (1920–?)	25 March 1959	26 November 1959	CPSU
10	Ali Taghizade (1883–1966)	26 November 1959	29 March 1963	CPSU
11	Mammad Dadashzade (1904–1975)	29 March 1963	5 April 1967	CPSU
12	Mustafa Topchubashov (1895–1981)	5 April 1967	1 July 1971	CPSU
13	Suleyman Rustamzade (1906–1989)	1 July 1971	10 June 1989	CPSU
14	Elmira Gafarova (1934–1993)	18 May 1990	5 March 1992	CPSU
15	Yagub Mammadov (born 1941)	5 March 1992	18 May 1992	None
16	Isa Gambar (born 1957)	18 May 1992	15 June 1993	Musavat
17	Heydar Aliyev (1923–2003)	15 June 1993	5 November 1993	New Azerbaijan Party
18	Rasul Guliyev (born 1947)	5 November 1993	12 November 1995	None

Notes

↑ Azerbaijani: Азәрбајҹан ССР Али Совети, romanized: Azərbaycan SSR Ali Soveti
Russian: Верховный Совет Азербайджанской ССР, romanized: Verkhovnyy Sovet Azerbaydzhanskoy SSR
↑ Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikasının Ali Soveti
Russian: Верховный Совет Азербайджанской Республики, romanized: Verkhovnyy Sovet Azerbaydzhanskoy Respubliki
↑ Sometimes translated as Supreme Council of the Azerbaijan Republic

Related Research Articles

The Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was, from 1936 to 1991, the highest body of state authority of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), and based on the principle of unified power was the only branch of government in the Soviet state.

The National Assembly, also transliterated as Milli Mejlis, is the legislative branch of government in Azerbaijan. The unicameral National Assembly has 125 deputies: previously 100 members were elected for five-year terms in single-seat constituencies and 25 were members elected by proportional representation; as of the latest election, however, all 125 deputies are returned from single-member constituencies.

The Oliy Majlis is the parliament of Uzbekistan. It succeeded the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 1995, and was unicameral until a reform implemented in January 2005 created a second chamber.

The Azerbaijani Soviet Encyclopedia is a ten volume universal encyclopedia published in Baku, Azerbaijan from 1976 to 1987 by the Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic. The editors-in-chief were Rasul Rza and Jemil Kuliyev. A special volume dedicated to Azerbaijan was scheduled to be published after the main ten volumes, but due to rising political problems and difficult economic situation, it has not been released.

The Supreme Soviet of the Georgian SSR was the supreme soviet of the Georgian SSR from 1938 to 1990.

Feyruz Rajab oghlu Mustafayev is an Azerbajaini politician who was Acting Prime Minister of the Republic of Azerbaijan. He was First Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Azerbaijan.

The Supreme Soviet of the Byelorussian SSR was the supreme soviet and the highest organ of state power of Belarus (Byelorussia), then known as the Byelorussian SSR from 1938 to 1991. It was the only branch of government in the republic, and per the principle of unified power, all state organs are subservient to it. The Supreme Soviet of the Byelorussian SSR was preceded by the All-Byelorussian Central Executive Committee (1920-1938) and the All-Byelorussian Congress of Soviets (1919-1937). The Supreme Soviet of the Byelorussian SSR was briefly disbanded in 1941 due to the Great Patriotic War and was re-established in 1947. The Supreme Soviet of the Byelorussian SSR was briefly succeeded by the Supreme Soviet of Belarus from 1991 to 1996. The Supreme Soviet of Belarus was succeeded by the National Assembly of Belarus in 1996.

The State Anthem of the Azerbaijan SSR was the regional anthem of Azerbaijan when it was part of the former Soviet Union. It was created in 1944 and was used from 1945 to 1992.

The Supreme Soviet of the Uzbek SSR was the supreme soviet of the Uzbek SSR from 1938 to 1991. The Supreme Soviet of the Uzbek SSR was preceded by the All-Uzbek Congress of Soviets which operated from 1925 to 1938. After the independence of Uzbekistan in 1991, the Supreme Soviet of the Uzbek SSR was briefly succeeded by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan from 1991 to 1994.

The Supreme Soviet of the Armenian SSR, later renamed as the Supreme Council of the Republic of Armenia, was the Supreme Soviet of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic and later the independent Republic of Armenia. It was superseded by the National Assembly in 1995 when Armenia adopted the Armenian Constitution.

The Supreme Soviet of the Kirghiz SSR was the supreme soviet of the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic, which was a constituent republics of the Soviet Union. The Soviet was purely ceremonial as power was concentrated in the Communist Party of Kirghizia (CPK).

The Supreme Soviet of the Latvian SSR was the supreme soviet of the Latvian SSR, one of the union republics of the Soviet Union. The Supreme Soviet of the Latvian SSR was established in 1940 as the People's Saeima and finally disbanded in 1990 and was briefly succeeded by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Latvia. According to the 1978 Constitution of the Latvian SSR, representatives could serve an unlimited amount of five-year terms. The Supreme Soviet consisted of 325 deputies before its dissolution.

The Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR was the supreme soviet and the highest organ of state power of Ukraine when it was known as the Ukrainian SSR, one of the union republics of the Soviet Union. The Supreme Soviet was the sole branch of government in Ukraine, and per the principle of unified power, all state organs were subservient to it. It was established in 1937 replacing the All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets.

The Supreme Soviet of the Moldavian SSR was the supreme soviet of the Moldavian SSR and later the independent Republic of Moldova from 1941 to 1993. The last elections of the Supreme Soviet of the Moldavian SSR were held in 1990 and 371 deputies were elected.

The Supreme Soviet of the Karelo-Finnish SSR was the supreme soviet of the Karelo-Finnish SSR. The Supreme Soviet of the Karelo-Finnish SSR was established in June 1940 when the third session of the First Convocation of the Supreme Soviet of the Karelian ASSR adopted the law of transforming the Karelian ASSR into the Karelo-Finnish SSR. The first elections of the Supreme Soviet of the Karelo-Finnish SSR took place on June 16, 1940, and the first session of the first convocation took place on November 8, 1940. The Supreme Soviet of the Karelo-Finnish SSR was disbanded in August 1956 when the Karelo-Finnish SSR was demoted to an autonomous soviet socialist republic on July 16, 1956.

The Supreme Soviet of the Turkmen SSR was the supreme soviet of the Turkmen SSR, one of the union republics of the Soviet Union. The Supreme Soviet of the Turkmen SSR was established in 1938 and disbanded in 1992. It was succeeded by the Assembly of Turkmenistan in 1992.

Sergei Ilyich Yakushev was a Soviet and Azerbaijani actor and Deputy of the 6th–8th convocation of the Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan SSR.

Bakhshali Hasanali oghlu Bakhshaliyev was an Azerbaijani-Soviet statesman, Minister of Finance of the Azerbaijan SSR (1970–1987).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ali Taghizade</span> Azerbaijani-Soviet politician

Ali Ali oghlu Taghizade was an Azerbaijani-Soviet revolutionary and statesman, Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan SSR (1959–1963), People's Commissar of Social Security of the Armenian SSR (1929–1932), First Secretary of the Vedi District Party Committee (1933–1935).

Sovet Ermenistani was the republican newspaper in Azerbaijani in the Armenian SSR. The body of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Armenia, the Supreme Soviet of the Armenian SSR and the Council of Ministers.

References

↑ Toy parliament until September 1990
↑ Азәрбајҹан мәтбуат салнамәси (in Russian). Палатасы. 1984.
↑ "Milli Məclisin tarixi. Azərbaycan SSR Ali Soveti (1920-1991-ci illər)" [The history of Milli Majlis. Supreme Soviet of Azerbaijan SSR (1920-1991)]. Retrieved 2010-12-01.

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[2] Azerbaijani: Азәрбајҹан ССР Али Совети, romanized: Azərbaycan SSR Ali Soveti
Russian: Верховный Совет Азербайджанской ССР, romanized: Verkhovnyy Sovet Azerbaydzhanskoy SSR

[3] Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikasının Ali Soveti
Russian: Верховный Совет Азербайджанской Республики, romanized: Verkhovnyy Sovet Azerbaydzhanskoy Respubliki

[4] Sometimes translated as Supreme Council of the Azerbaijan Republic

[a-1] Toy parliament until September 1990

[5] Азәрбајҹан мәтбуат салнамәси (in Russian). Палатасы. 1984.

[6] "Milli Məclisin tarixi. Azərbaycan SSR Ali Soveti (1920-1991-ci illər)" [The history of Milli Majlis. Supreme Soviet of Azerbaijan SSR (1920-1991)]. Retrieved 2010-12-01.

[1]

[lower-alpha 1]

[lower-alpha 2]

[lower-alpha 3]

[2]

[3]