The New Orleans Tribune was a newspaper serving the African-American community of New Orleans, Louisiana. [1] It was the first Black daily newspaper in the United States. [2]
The Tribune was founded in 1864 by Dr. Louis Charles Roudanez, a free man of color. He had also published L'Union , which had folded earlier that year. The Tribune was the first Black daily newspaper published in the United States, and the first bilingual one; it was published in French and English. [3]
Born in Louisiana, Roudanez had studied in Paris, France to become a doctor and received additional medical training at Dartmouth College to become a doctor. [4] [5]
In addition to his medical practice, Dr. Roudanez founded two newspapers. He founded L'Union in 1862, which folded, and the Tribune in 1864. He published his paper in French and English, as a large part of the New Orleans population, both whites and Creoles of color, was still French speaking. It was the first bilingual and daily, black newspaper in the United States. [5] [4] [6] [7]
Jean-Charles Houzeau, a Francophone astronomer, author, and abolitionist from Belgium, worked with Roudanez at both his newspapers, beginning in 1864. He wrote an account of these experiences, along with the volcanic politics of the day, My Passage at the New Orleans Tribune: A Memoir of the Civil War Era, which was first published in French in Belgium. [8]
During Reconstruction, there was strong competition within the Republican Party in Louisiana. Severe intraparty feuding took place over Republican political candidates for the 1868 gubernatorial election. Some local men of color such as Roudanez, who had achieved education and social standing before the war, were opposed to white "carpetbaggers" (men from the North) running as candidates.
The paper lost national Republican Party support and closed in 1870. It was briefly revived after the election of Northern Republican Henry C. Warmoth as governor of the state.
Jean-Charles Houzeau de Lehaie was a Belgian astronomer and journalist. A French speaker, he moved to New Orleans after getting in trouble for his politics in Belgium.
The Final Call is a newspaper published in Chicago. It was founded in 1979 by Minister Louis Farrakhan and serves as the official newspaper of the Nation of Islam. The magazine acts as the group's tool to spread their agenda, goals and view of world events and natural disasters.
Louis Charles Roudanez (1823-1890) was an American physician and newspaper publisher. He founded the first African-American newspaper in the American South, L'Union (1862-1864), which was the first bilingual (French-English) newspaper for African Americans in the United States. After it folded, he founded La Tribune de la Nouvelle-Orleans (1864-1870), the first daily black newspaper, which was also bilingual.
The Black Chronicle is an African-American weekly newspaper in the state of Oklahoma. Founded in April 1979 and based in Oklahoma City's Eastside, it is owned by Perry Publishing and Broadcasting and caters to Oklahoma City's black community. Today, the Black Chronicle has the largest paid circulation among Oklahoma's weekly newspapers.
St. Louis Argus is an African-American-oriented weekly newspaper founded in 1912 by brothers Joseph Everett Mitchell and William Mitchell. It began as a newsletter for an insurance company named Western Union Relief Association. The Argus is the oldest continuous black business in St. Louis, Missouri.
The Washington Informer is a weekly newspaper published in Washington, D.C. The Informer is female-owned and is targeted at the African-American population of the D.C. metropolitan area. The publisher is Denise Rolark Barnes, whose father, Calvin W. Rolark (1927–1994), founded the paper in 1964.
The Tri-State Defender is a weekly African-American newspaper serving Memphis, Tennessee, and the nearby areas of Arkansas, Mississippi and Tennessee. It bills itself as "The Mid-South's Best Alternative Newspaper". The Defender was founded in 1951 by John H. Sengstacke, owner of the Chicago Defender. In 2013, the paper was locally purchased from Real Times Media by the Tri-State Defender Board of Directors
The Miami Times is an African-American newspaper based in South Florida.
Reverend Thomas W. Conway was assistant commissioner of the Freedmen Bureau in Alabama and Louisiana during the Reconstruction era that followed the American Civil War. Freedmen's Bureau activities in Louisiana began on June 13, 1865 when the Bureau's commissioner, Oliver O. Howard, appointed Chaplain Thomas W. Conway as the state's assistant commissioner. He published a report for that year, The Freedmen of Louisiana: Final Report of the Bureau of Free Labor, Department of the Gulf, to Major General Canby, Commanding (1865). Another seven assistant commissioners would later hold this office.
Paul Trévigne was an American newspaperman and civil rights activist in New Orleans, Louisiana. He was editor of two black-owned newspapers, L'Union from 1862 until it closed in 1864, and then the New Orleans Tribune (1864-1870), the first black daily newspaper in the country.
The Birmingham Times is a weekly African-American newspaper published in Birmingham, Alabama.
The People's Advocate was among the first weekly African American owned and operated newspapers in the state of Virginia. It was the first African American newspaper in the city of Alexandria, Virginia. The People's Advocate moved its operation to Washington D.C. in 1878 and was published until 1890.
The Colored American published in Augusta, Georgia, from October 1865 to February 1866. It was the first African American newspaper in the South. The paper was founded by John T. Shuften, who was forced to sell the paper within six months due to a lack of financial support. The paper was published by John T. Shapiro. The Colored American covered political, religious, and general news. Shuften published the newspaper with assistance from James D. Lynch. The paper was purchased in January 1866 by the Georgia Equal Rights Association, and the name was changed to the Loyal Georgian, published by John Emory Bryant.
The Wilmington Journal is a newspaper in Wilmington, North Carolina. It is North Carolina's oldest existing newspaper for African Americans. R. S. Jervay established the paper in 1927. It continued under his son Thomas C. Jervay Sr.
The Ravenswood Post (1953–1981), was an African American weekly newspaper published by Clarence A. Burley in Menlo Park, California, and served the communities of East Menlo Park and East Palo Alto, California. In the 1970s, Jym Marks was a columnist for the paper.
L'Union was the first African-American newspaper in the Southern United States. The newspaper was based in New Orleans, Louisiana, and was published from 1862 to 1864. Articles in L'Union were written in the French language, with the newspaper's primary readership being free people of color in the New Orleans area, especially in the faubourgs Marigny and Tremé.