Viscountcy of Downe | |
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Creation date | 19 July 1675 (first creation) 19 February 1680 (second creation) |
Created by | Charles II |
Peerage | Peerage of Ireland |
First holder | William Ducie (first creation) John Dawnay (second creation) |
Present holder | Richard Henry Dawnay, 12th Viscount Downe |
Heir presumptive | Thomas Payan Dawnay |
Subsidiary titles | Baron Dawnay |
Seat(s) | Wykeham Abbey |
Former seat(s) | Cowick Hall, Dawnay Lodge, Danby Castle |
Motto | Timet pudorem "He fears shame") [2] |
Heraldic achievement of the Viscounts Downe | |
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Crest | A demi Saracen in armour, couped at the thighs and wreathed about the temples ppr. holding in the dexter hand a ring gold, stoned az. and in the sinister a lion's gamb erased or, armed ge. |
Blazon | Argent on a bendlet cotised sable three annulets of the field |
Supporters | Two lions or, gorged with a fesse cotised ea. charged with three annulets ar. ducally crowned of the last |
Motto | Timet pudorem ("He fears shame") |
Viscount Downe is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of Ireland. The first creation came in 1675 for William Ducie. However, the title became extinct on his death in 1679. The second creation came in 1680 for John Dawnay. He had earlier represented Yorkshire and Pontefract in the English House of Commons. His son, the second Viscount, also represented these constituencies in the House of Commons. His grandson, the third Viscount, sat as a Member of Parliament for Yorkshire but died from wounds received at the Battle of Campen in 1760. He was succeeded by his younger brother, the fourth Viscount, who represented Cirencester and Malton in Parliament. [3]
His son, the fifth Viscount, sat as a Member of Parliament for Petersfield and Wootton Bassett. In 1797, he was created Baron Dawnay, of Cowick in the County of York, in the Peerage of Great Britain. However, this title became extinct on his death while he was succeeded in the viscountcy by his younger brother, the sixth Viscount. His son, the seventh Viscount, was a Member of Parliament for Rutland. His son, the eighth Viscount, was a Major-General in the Army and served in the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879 and in the Second Boer War. In 1897, he was created Baron Dawnay, of Danby in the North Riding of the County of York, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. This peerage gave him and his descendants an automatic seat in the House of Lords until the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999. As of 2015 [update] , the titles are held by his great-great-grandson, the twelfth Viscount, who succeeded his father in 2002.
The Hon. Guy Dawnay, fourth son of the seventh Viscount, was a soldier and Conservative politician.
The first Viscount of the second creation was the brother of Sir Christopher Dawnay, 1st Baronet, of Cowick, a title which became extinct in 1644 (see Dawnay baronets, of Cowick).
The family seat is Wykeham Abbey, near Scarborough, North Yorkshire.
The heir presumptive is the present holder's cousin Thomas Payan Dawnay (born 24 July 1978)[ citation needed ]
Earl of Cork is a title in the Peerage of Ireland, held in conjunction with the Earldom of Orrery since 1753. It was created in 1620 for Richard Boyle, 1st Baron Boyle. He had already been created Lord Boyle, Baron of Youghal, in the County of Cork, in 1616, and was made Viscount of Dungarvan, in the County of Waterford, at the same time he was given the earldom. These titles are also in the Peerage of Ireland.
Viscount Hereford is the oldest and only extant viscountcy in the Peerage of England, making the holder the Premier Viscount of England. The title was created in 1550 for Walter Devereux, 10th Baron Ferrers of Chartley.
Earl of Coventry is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of England. The first creation for the Villiers family was created in 1623 and took its name from the city of Coventry. It became extinct in 1687. A decade later, the second creation was for the Coventry family and is still extant.
Earl of Kingston is a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created in 1768 for Edward King, 1st Viscount Kingston. The Earl holds the subsidiary titles Baron Kingston, of Rockingham in the County of Roscommon, Viscount Kingston, of Kingsborough in the County of Sligo, Baron Erris, of Boyle in the County of Roscommon, and Viscount Lorton, of Boyle in the County of Roscommon, also in the Peerage of Ireland. He is also a baronet in the Baronetage of Ireland. Between 1821 and 1869 the earls also held the title Baron Kingston, of Mitchelstown in the County of Cork, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.
Earl of Bradford is a title that has been created twice, once in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was first created in 1694 for Francis Newport, 2nd Baron Newport. However, all the Newport titles became extinct on the death of the fourth Earl in 1762. The earldom was revived in 1815 for Orlando Bridgeman, 2nd Baron Bradford. The Bridgeman family had previously succeeded to the Newport estates. The title of the peerage refers to the ancient hundred of Bradford in Shropshire, and not, as might be assumed, to the city of Bradford, Yorkshire, or the town of Bradford-on-Avon in Wiltshire.
Viscount Galway is a title that has been created once in the Peerage of England and thrice in the Peerage of Ireland. The first creation came in the Peerage of England in 1628 in favour of Richard Burke, 4th Earl of Clanricarde. He was made Earl of St Albans at the same time. The second creation came in the Peerage of Ireland in 1687 in favour of Ulick Bourke. He was made Baron Tyaquin at the same time, also in the Peerage of Ireland. However, both titles became extinct on his early death in 1691. The third creation came in the Peerage of Ireland in 1692 in favour of the French soldier and diplomat Henry de Massue, Marquis de Ruvigny, who was created Baron Portarlington, also in the Peerage of Ireland, at the same time. He was made Earl of Galway in 1697. However, both titles became extinct on his death in 1720.
Earl of Clanricarde is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of Ireland, first in 1543 and again in 1800. The former creation became extinct in 1916 while the 1800 creation is extant and held by the Marquess of Sligo since 1916.
The Dawnay Baronetcy, of East Cowick in the County of Yorkshire, was a title in the Baronetage of England. It was created on 19 May 1642 for Christopher Dawnay. The title became extinct on the death of his infant son, Sir Thomas, the second Baronet, in 1644. Sir Christopher's widow, Jane Moseley of Ulleskelf, remarried Sir Thomas Strickland in 1646. John Dawnay, brother of the first Baronet, was created Viscount Downe in 1680.
Major-General Sir David Dawnay was a British Army officer who became Commandant of the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. He was also a British polo player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.
Guy Cuthbert Dawnay was a Conservative politician. He was killed by a wounded buffalo near Mombassa in East Africa.
Major-General Hugh Richard Dawnay, 8th Viscount Downe, was a British Army general and President of the Marylebone Cricket Club.
William Henry Dawnay, 7th Viscount Downe was a British politician.
John Dawnay, 4th Viscount Downe, was a British peer and Whig politician.
John Christopher Burton Dawnay, 5th Viscount Downe, styled The Honourable John Dawnay until 1780, was a British Whig politician.
John Dawnay, 1st Viscount Downe, known as Sir John Dawnay between 1660 and 1681, was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1660 and 1690.
Henry Dawnay, 2nd Viscount Downe, styled The Honourable Henry Dawnay between 1681 and 1695, was an English Tory politician who sat in the English House of Commons between 1690 and 1707 and in the British House of Commons from 1708 to 1727.
Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Pleydell Dawnay, 3rd Viscount Downe FRS, was a British soldier and politician.
The Honourable John Dawnay of Cowick Hall, Yorkshire was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1713 and 1716.
William Henry Dawnay, 6th Viscount Downe, styled The Honourable William Henry Dawnay until 1832, was an English clergyman and Irish peer.
Cowick Hall is a 17th-century Georgian country house in the town of Snaith, located between the villages of East and West Cowick, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. The house is Grade I listed and several outbuildings on the estate are Grade II listed. Once home to the Viscounts Downe, today it serves as the corporate headquarters of chemical company Croda International.