1097

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Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1097 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar 1097
MXCVII
Ab urbe condita 1850
Armenian calendar 546
ԹՎ ՇԽԶ
Assyrian calendar 5847
Balinese saka calendar 1018–1019
Bengali calendar 504
Berber calendar 2047
English Regnal year 10  Will. 2   11  Will. 2
Buddhist calendar 1641
Burmese calendar 459
Byzantine calendar 6605–6606
Chinese calendar 丙子年 (Fire  Rat)
3794 or 3587
     to 
丁丑年 (Fire  Ox)
3795 or 3588
Coptic calendar 813–814
Discordian calendar 2263
Ethiopian calendar 1089–1090
Hebrew calendar 4857–4858
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat 1153–1154
 - Shaka Samvat 1018–1019
 - Kali Yuga 4197–4198
Holocene calendar 11097
Igbo calendar 97–98
Iranian calendar 475–476
Islamic calendar 490–491
Japanese calendar Eichō 2 / Jōtoku 1
(承徳元年)
Javanese calendar 1001–1002
Julian calendar 1097
MXCVII
Korean calendar 3430
Minguo calendar 815 before ROC
民前815年
Nanakshahi calendar −371
Seleucid era 1408/1409 AG
Thai solar calendar 1639–1640
Tibetan calendar 阳火鼠年
(male Fire-Rat)
1223 or 842 or 70
     to 
阴火牛年
(female Fire-Ox)
1224 or 843 or 71
Map of Anatolia during the First Crusade. Anatolia 1097.svg
Map of Anatolia during the First Crusade.

Year 1119 ( MXCVII ) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Contents

Events

By place

First Crusade

  • Spring The Crusaders under Godfrey of Bouillon attack the Byzantine imperial palace at Blachernae. Norman forces led by Bohemond I join the Crusaders – he is not welcome in Constantinople because his father, Robert Guiscard, has invaded Illyria (territory belonging to the Byzantine Empire), and captured the cities of Dyrrhachium and Corfu (see 1084).
  • May 14 Siege of Nicaea: The Crusaders begin their campaign with the siege of Nicaea (the capital of the Sultanate of Rum), assigning their forces to different sections of the walls, which are well-defended with 200 towers. Towards the end, an advance party of the Seljuk Turks is defeated by troops of Raymond IV (Saint-Gilles) and Robert II. [1]
  • June 19 The Seljuk Turks surrender Nicaea to the Crusaders after a month siege. The Byzantines occupy the city; their commander Manuel Boutoumites is named by Emperor Alexios I (Komnenos) as doux of Nicaea. In the consternation the Crusaders are not allowed to plunder the city and are forced (again) to pledge their allegiance to Alexios.
  • July 1 Battle of Dorylaeum: The Crusaders defeat a Seljuk army led by Kilij Arslan I, ruler of the Sultanate of Rum, who wants revenge for the capture of Nicaea. During the battle many Crusaders are killed but the Seljuk Turks are forced to flee and abandon their tents and treasure after being surprised by the arrival of a second Crusader army.
  • October 21 Siege of Antioch: The Crusaders arrive outside the city and begin the siege. They can not impose a complete blockade on Antioch. The Seljuk garrison comes out of the city to harass Crusader siege-lines and intercept supply convoys (supported by a Genoese fleet of 12 galleys) from Saint Symeon and Alexandretta (modern Turkey). [2]
  • December 31 Battle of Harenc: The Crusaders under the command of Bohemond I and Robert II defeat Seljuk forces from Aleppo, which try to relieve besieged Antioch. [3]

Europe

Scotland

  • King Donald III (the Fair) is deposed by his nephew Edgar (who is supported by King William II) after a 4-year reign. Edgar (nicknamed Probus, "the Valliant") becomes ruler of Scotland (until 1107).

England

By topic

Religion

  • October Anselm, archbishop of Canterbury, goes into exile. Conflicts between him and William II result in Anselm leaving England and heading for Rome. William confiscates Anselm's land.

Births

Deaths

Related Research Articles

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Year 1102 (MCII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.

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Year 1105 (MCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bohemond I of Antioch</span> 11/12th-century prince of Taranto and Antioch; military leader in the First Crusade

Bohemond I of Antioch, also known as Bohemond of Taranto or Bohemond of Hauteville, was the prince of Taranto from 1089 to 1111 and the prince of Antioch from 1098 to 1111. He was a leader of the First Crusade, leading a contingent of Normans on the quest eastward. Knowledgeable about the Byzantine Empire through earlier campaigns with his father, he was the most experienced military leader of the crusade.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Dorylaeum (1097)</span> Early battle during the First Crusade

The Battle of Dorylaeum took place during the First Crusade on 1 July 1097 between the crusader forces and the Seljuk Turks, near the city of Dorylaeum in Anatolia. Though the Turkish forces of Kilij Arslan nearly destroyed the Crusader contingent of Bohemond, other Crusaders arrived just in time to reverse the course of the battle.

The Treaty of Devol was an agreement made in 1108 between Bohemond I of Antioch and Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos, in the wake of the First Crusade. It is named after the Byzantine fortress of Devol. Although the treaty was not immediately enforced, it was intended to make the Principality of Antioch a vassal state of the Byzantine Empire.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Siege of Nicaea</span> Part of the First Crusade (1097)

The siege of Nicaea was the first major battle of the First Crusade, taking place from 14 May to 19 June 1097. The city was under the control of the Seljuk Turks who opted to surrender to the Byzantines in fear of the crusaders breaking into the city. The siege was followed by the Battle of Dorylaeum and the Siege of Antioch, all taking place in modern Turkey.

Manuel Boutoumites or Butumites was a leading Byzantine general and diplomat during the reign of Emperor Alexios I Komnenos, and one of the emperor's most trusted aides. He was instrumental in the Byzantine recovery of Nicaea from the Seljuk Turks, in the reconquest of Cilicia, and acted as the emperor's envoy in several missions to Crusader princes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Timeline of the Principality of Antioch</span> Chronological list of events of the history of the Principality of Antioch

The timeline of the Principality of Antioch is a chronological list of events of the history of the Principality of Antioch.

References

  1. Abels, Richard Philip; Bernard S. Bachrach (2001). The Normans and their adversaries at war. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. p. 92. ISBN   0-85115-847-1.
  2. Rickard, J. "Antioch, crusader siege of, 21 October 1097-3 June 1098" . Retrieved January 4, 2012.
  3. Rickard, J. "Battle of Harenc, 9 February 1098" . Retrieved January 4, 2012.
  4. Picard C. (1997). La mer et les musulmans d'Occident au Moyen Age. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.