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The Chechens, historically also known as Kisti and Durdzuks, are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group of the Nakh peoples native to the North Caucasus. They are the largest ethnic group of the North Caucasus and refer to themselves as Nokhchiy. The endonym Nokhchiy is thought to be derived from the name of Prophet Noah and it means 'descendant(s) of Noah'. The vast majority of Chechens are Muslims and live in Chechnya, a republic of Russia.
The Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, abbreviated as the Checheno-Ingush ASSR, was an autonomous republic within the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, in existence from 1936 to 1944 and again from 1957 to 1993. Its capital was Grozny. The 1979 census reported the territory had an area of 19,300 square kilometres (7,500 sq mi) and a population of 1,155,805 : 611,405 Chechens, 134,744 Ingush, and the rest were Russians and other ethnic groups.
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Batyrkhan Kamaluly Shukenov was a Soviet Kazakhstan and Russian singer, musician, composer, and poet. Shukenov was co-founder and lead singer of the Kazakh-Russian pop music group A-Studio from 1987 until 2000. After leaving the group in 2000, he began his solo career.
The COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan was a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The virus was confirmed to have reached Kazakhstan on 13 March 2020 after two Kazakh citizens in Almaty returned from Germany. That same day, two more cases were confirmed, with one female arriving from Italy in Astana and the other from Germany in Almaty as well. Following the outbreak, on 15 March 2020, President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev declared a state of emergency that was set to last until 15 April 2020. However, measures were prolonged in order to curb the transmission of the virus, leading to many notable holidays such as Nowruz and the Victory Day being cancelled. On 19 March 2020, a strict quarantine was placed on the cities of Astana and Almaty, where the most cases were occurring. On 30 March 2020, Atyrau and five cities in Karaganda Region went under a lockdown.
Anti-Chechen sentiment, Chechenophobia, Anti-Chechenism, or Nokhchophobia, refers to fear, dislike, hostility, and racism towards ethnic Chechens, the Chechen language, or the Chechen culture in general. Anti-Chechen sentiment has been historically strong in Russia, and to some degree has spread to other countries in the former Soviet Union, such as Armenia, to Europe, the Middle East (Syria), and to the United States. For decades, the main causes of hatred against Chechens have been largely due to the created narrative which depicts a violent mentality of Chechens, the association of Chechens with Islamic extremism, and Russian imperialist propaganda targeted at Chechens.
The ethnic conflicts in Kazakhstan refer to a series of insurgencies in Kazakhstan that date back to when the country was part of the Soviet Union, then known as the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. These conflicts have largely been ethnic-based, although in recent years they have decreased in numbers. Some of these conflicts have called for the independence, or the increased autonomy of the group in the country.
The Chechen genocide refers to the mass casualties carried out on the Chechen people during the various stages of the Russia-Chechnya conflict since the second half of the 18th to early 21st centuries. The term has no legal effect, although the European Parliament has recognized the 1944 forced deportation of Chechens, which killed an estimated 1/3-1/2 of the total Chechen population, as an act of genocide. The Ukrainian Rada has also condemned Russia's genocide of the Chechen people.
References
- ↑ "Чеченские погромы в Казахстане 1951 года: что произошло на самом деле" (in Russian). Retrieved 2018-08-26.
- 1 2 "Чеченский погром весны 1951 года в Восточном Казахстане. (свидетельства очевидцев)" . Retrieved 2018-08-26.
- 1 2 "Их топили в Иртыше... Чеченские погромы на севере Казахстана весной 1951 года (страницы истории)" . Retrieved 2018-08-26.