47th Parliament of New Zealand | |||||
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Overview | |||||
Legislative body | New Zealand Parliament | ||||
Term | 26 August 2002 – 2 August 2005 | ||||
Election | 2002 New Zealand general election | ||||
Government | Fifth Labour Government | ||||
House of Representatives | |||||
Members | 120 | ||||
Speaker of the House | Margaret Wilson — Jonathan Hunt until 3 March 2005 | ||||
Leader of the House | Michael Cullen | ||||
Prime Minister | Helen Clark | ||||
Leader of the Opposition | Don Brash — Bill English until 28 October 2003 | ||||
Sovereign | |||||
Monarch | Elizabeth II | ||||
Governor-General | Silvia Cartwright |
The 47th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the Parliament of New Zealand. Its composition was determined by the 2002 election, and it sat until 11 August 2005. [1] [2]
The Labour Party and the Progressive Party, backed by United Future, commanded a majority throughout the 47th Parliament. The Labour-led administration was in its second term. The National Party, although dealt a significant blow in the last election, remained the largest opposition party. Other non-government parties were New Zealand First, ACT, the Greens, and (from mid-2004) the Māori Party. [1]
The 47th Parliament consisted of 120 representatives. Sixty-nine of these were chosen by geographical electorates, including seven Māori electorates. The remainder were elected by means of party-list proportional representation under the MMP electoral system. [1]
The table below shows the number of MPs in each party following the 2002 election and at dissolution:[ citation needed ]
Affiliation | Members | ||
---|---|---|---|
At 2002 election | At dissolution | ||
Labour | 52 | 51 | |
Progressive | 2 | 2 | |
United Future CS | 8 | 8 | |
Government total | 62 | 61 | |
National | 27 | 27 | |
NZ First | 13 | 13 | |
Green | 9 | 9 | |
ACT | 9 | 9 | |
Māori Party | Not yet founded | 1 [1] | |
Opposition total | 58 | 59 | |
Total | 120 | 120 | |
Working Government majority [2] | 4 | 2 |
Notes
The initial members of the 47th Parliament were as follows: [3]
There was one by-election held during the term of the 47th Parliament. [4]
Electorate and by-election | Date | Incumbent | Cause | Winner | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Te Tai Hauauru | 2004 | 10 July | Tariana Turia | Resignation | Tariana Turia |
The chamber is in a horseshoe-shape. [13]
Donna Lynn Awatere Huata is a former member of the New Zealand Parliament for the ACT New Zealand Party and activist for Māori causes.
Dame Tariana Turia is a New Zealand politician. She was first elected to Parliament in 1996. Turia gained considerable prominence during the foreshore and seabed controversy in 2004, and eventually broke with the Labour Party as a result. She resigned from parliament, and successfully contested a by-election in her former electorate as a candidate of the newly formed Māori Party, of which became a co-leader. She retired from Parliament in 2014.
The New Zealand foreshore and seabed controversy is a debate in the politics of New Zealand. It concerns the ownership of the country's foreshore and seabed, with many Māori groups claiming that Māori have a rightful claim to title. These claims are based around historical possession and the Treaty of Waitangi. On 18 November 2004, the New Zealand Parliament passed a law which deems the title to be held by the Crown. This law, the Foreshore and Seabed Act 2004, was enacted on 24 November 2004. Some sections of the Act came into force on 17 January 2005. It was repealed and replaced by the Marine and Coastal Area Act 2011.
The Te Tai Hauauru by-election was a by-election in the New Zealand electorate of Te Tai Hauāuru, one of the Māori electorates. The date set for the by-election was 10 July 2004. It saw the re-election of Tariana Turia, a former MP for the Labour Party and now co-leader of the Māori Party.
The Māori Party is a political party in New Zealand representing the interests of the Maori ethnic minority. It contests the specially-reserved Māori electorates, in which its main rival is the mainstream centre-left Labour Party. Under the current leadership of Rawiri Waititi and Debbie Ngarewa-Packer, it promotes the following policies: uphold tikanga Māori, dismantle systemic racism, and strengthen the rights and tino rangatiratanga promised in Te Tiriti o Waitangi. The political position of the Māori Party is generally described as centrist or centre-left.
In New Zealand politics, Māori electorates, colloquially known as the Māori seats, are a special category of electorate that give reserved positions to representatives of Māori in the New Zealand Parliament. Every area in New Zealand is covered by both a general and a Māori electorate; as of 2020, there are seven Māori electorates. Since 1967, candidates in Māori electorates have not needed to be Māori themselves, but to register as a voter in the Māori electorates people need to declare that they are of Māori descent.
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A list MP is a member of parliament (MP) elected from a party list rather than from by a geographical constituency. The place in Parliament is due to the number of votes that the party won, not to votes received by the MP personally. This occurs only in countries which have an electoral system based wholly or partly on party-list proportional representation.
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Māori politics is the politics of the Māori people, who were the original inhabitants of New Zealand and who are now the country's largest minority. Before the arrival of Pākehā (Europeans) in New Zealand, Māori society was based largely around tribal units, and chiefs provided political leadership. With the British settlers of the 19th century came a new British-style government. From the outset, Māori sought representation within this government, seeing it as a vital way to promote their people's rights and improve living standards. Modern Māori politics can be seen as a subset of New Zealand politics in general, but has a number of distinguishing features, including advocacy for indigenous rights and Māori sovereignty. Many Māori politicians are members of major, historically European-dominated political parties, but several Māori parties have been formed.
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Te Tai Hauāuru is a New Zealand parliamentary Māori electorate, returning one Member of Parliament to the New Zealand House of Representatives, that was first formed for the 1996 election. The electorate was represented by Tariana Turia from 2002 to 2014, first for the Labour Party and then for the Māori Party. Turia retired and was succeeded in 2014 by Labour's Adrian Rurawhe who again retained the seat in 2017.
The Marine and Coastal Area Act 2011 is an Act of the New Zealand Parliament created to replace the Foreshore and Seabed Act 2004. It was brought in by the fifth National government and creates a sui generis property class for the marine and coastal area, in which it is vested in no one. This is in contrast to the Foreshore and Seabed Act 2004 in which the foreshore and seabed were vested in the Crown.
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Adrian Paki Rurawhe is a New Zealand Labour Party politician of Ngāti Apa descent. He is the speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives, the second Māori to hold the position, and Member of Parliament for Te Tai Hauāuru.
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