702 Naval Air Squadron

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702 Naval Air Squadron
702 (Catapult) Flight FAA
702 NAS badge.jpg
702 NAS Badge
Active Royal Air Force
15 July 1936 - 24 May 1939
Royal Navy
24 May 1939 - 21 January 1940
27 December 1940 - July 1943
1 June 1945
10 September 1946
4 April 1949 - 26 August 1952
30 September 1957 - 11 August 1958
3 January 1978 - 1 August 2014
CountryFlag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom
BranchNaval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy
TypeFleet Air Arm Second Line Squadron
Role
  • Catapult Flights
  • Long Range Catapult Squadron
  • Instrument Flying Training and Checking Unit
  • Naval Jet Evaluation Training Unit
  • Junior Officers Air Course
  • Lynx Headquarters and Training Squadron
Size Squadron
Part of Fleet Air Arm
Motto(s)Cave Ungues Felis
(Latin for 'Beware the Claws of the Cat')
Insignia
Squadron BadgeWhite, in front of a roundel gyronny blue and white a demi-lynx erased gold armed and langued red (1978) [1]
Westland Lynx HMA.8, 702 Squadron, flies near the US Sixth Fleet flagship Blue Ridge Class Amphibious Command Ship USS Mount Whitney (LCC-20) on the Mediterranean Sea during Exercise DESTINED GLORY (Loyal Midas) 2005. LynxHAS8 LCC-20 2005.JPEG
Westland Lynx HMA.8, 702 Squadron, flies near the US Sixth Fleet flagship Blue Ridge Class Amphibious Command Ship USS Mount Whitney (LCC-20) on the Mediterranean Sea during Exercise DESTINED GLORY (Loyal Midas) 2005.

702 Naval Air Squadron (702 NAS) was a Naval Air Squadron of the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm which last disbanded in August 2014. It was last based at HMS Heron, RNAS Yeovilton, Somerset and earlier at HMS Osprey, RNAS Portland, Dorset. As a training squadron it trained all ground and air crew for the sister front-line maritime Lynx unit, 815 Naval Air Squadron. [2] It initially formed during July 1936 as a Catapult Flight for the 2nd Battle Squadron based at RAF Mount Batten and routinely embarking in RN ships such as, HMS Nelson, HMS Rodney and HMS Resolution. By 1939 it was known as 702 Naval Air Squadron but disbanded in January 1940.

Contents

It was active twice more during the Second World War, between December 1940 and July 1943 as a Long Range Catapult Squadron and then between June 1945 and September 1946 as an Instrument Flying Training and Checking Unit. A Naval Jet Evaluation Training Unit was the squadron’s next role between April 1949 and August 1952, followed by a Junior Officers Air Course between September 1957 and August 1958. It last reformed as the Lynx Headquarters and Training Squadron at HMS Heron, during January 1978.

History

Formation and WWII (1936 - 1945)

702 Naval Air Squadron was founded on 15 July 1936 [3] to operate aircraft from the ships of the 2nd Battle Squadron. Operating Supermarine Walrus, an amphibious maritime patrol aircraft, and Fairey Seal, a carrier-borne spotter-reconnaissance biplane, from its base at the Royal Air Force station and flying boat base RAF Mount Batten, located in Plymouth Sound, Devon, initially, later these were replaced by the biplane torpedo bomber Fairey Swordfish float-plane variant. Aircraft were attached to the name ship of her class HMS Nelson, sister ship HMS Rodney and the Revenge-class battleship HMS Resolution. Granted Squadron status in 1939, and briefly disbanded in 1940. [1]

Ships' Flights

702 (Catapult) Flight operated a number of ships’ flights between 1936 and 1940 whilst based out of RAF Mount Batten, including the name ship of her class HMS Nelson between 1936-39, the Revenge-class battleship HMS Ramillies during 1937, the Revenge-class battleship HMS Resolution between 1939-40, the Nelson-class battleship HMS Rodney between 1939-40, and the Revenge-class battleship HMS Royal Oak between 1937-38. [4]

702 Naval Air Squadron reformed as a Long Range Catapult squadron equipped with the biplane Fairey Seafox, a ship-borne reconnaissance seaplane, for duty in Armed Merchant Cruisers for much of the Second World War. It was based out of RNAS Lee-on-Solent (HMS Daedalus), Hampshire, England. The initial ship was RMS Alcantara (1926), followed by HMS Pretoria Castle (F61), HMS Canton, SS Queen of Bermuda and RMS Asturias (1925). On 10 May 1942 a Sea Hurricane flight was formed and used on the CAM ship HMS Maplin. The squadron disbanded in July 1943. [5]

AMC Ships' Flights

702 Long Range Catapult squadron operated a number of armed merchant cruisers ships’ flights between 1941 and 1943: the armed merchant cruiser HMS Alcantara between 1941-42, her sister ship HMS Asturias during 1942-43, HMS Canton 1941-42, the auxiliary cruiser HMS Carnarvon Castle between 1941-42, the converted ocean liner HMS Pretoria Castle between 1941-42, and the converted ocean liner HMS Queen of Bermuda between 1941-42. [4]

Instrument Flying Training & Checking Squadron (1945 - 1946)

On 1 June 1945 702 Naval Air Squadron reformed as an offshoot of 758 Naval Air Squadron, equipped with Airspeed Oxford, a training aircraft, and North American Harvard, an advanced training aircraft, as an Instrument Flying Training & Checking Squadron. Seven weeks later the squadron personnel took passage to RNAS Schofields in Australia. [6]

It arrived at the airbase on 4 September. The airfield was on loan from the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) and was the chosen location for Mobile Operational Naval Air Base III (MONAB III) logistical unit, which was already equipped with a mobile Beam Approach Beacon System (BABS) van, [7] however, the squadron’s training equipment did not materialise so it focused on the instrument flying training until 702 Naval Air Squadron was disbanded at RNAS Schofields in September 1946. [1]

In 1949 the squadron reformed at RNAS Culdrose (HMS Seahawk, Cornwall, England, as the Naval Jet Evaluation Training Unit. Equipped initially with four de Havilland Sea Vampire single-seat jet fighter, it also became the first unit of either the RAF or FAA to fly the Gloster Meteor T.7 jet trainer and was the first unit to achieve jet landings at night on an aircraft carrier, embarked in HMS Implacable and later HMS Theseus. The squadron received Supermarine Attacker F.l, a British single-seat naval jet fighter, in March 1952, and proceeded converting piston engined pilots to jets, but in August 1952 the squadron was renumbered as 736 Naval Air Squadron in August 1952. [1]

Junior Officers Air Course (1957 - 1958)

In September 1957, 702 Naval Air Squadron next reformed at RNAS Lee-on-Solent (HMS Daedalus), Hampshire, England, out of the Junior Officers Air Course Flight of 781 Naval Air Squadron. [8] It was quipped with Boulton Paul Sea Balliol, an advanced trainer aircraft, de Havilland Sea Vampire T.22, a two-seat jet trainer, and a Percival Sea Prince transport aircraft, for training. A fortnight after standing up it moved to RNAS Ford (HMS Peregrine), Sussex, where it disbanded almost twelve months later in August 1958, being absorbed into 727 Naval Air Squadron at RNAS Brawdy (HMS Goldcrest), Pembrokeshire, Wales. [1]

Lynx Headquarters and Training Squadron 1978 - 2014

In January 1978, 702 Naval Air Squadron reformed from 700L Naval Air Squadron, the Lynx Intensive Flying Trials Unit (IFTU), at RNAS Yeovilton (HMS Heron), Somerset, England, to become the Lynx headquarters and training squadron. [9]

Westland Lynx HAS2, 702 Naval Air Squadron Westland WG-13 Lynx HAS2, UK - Navy AN2109213.jpg
Westland Lynx HAS2, 702 Naval Air Squadron

It operated the Westland Lynx multi-purpose military helicopter, using the Maritime Lynx anti-submarine and anti-surface warfare HAS.2 and HAS.3 and the maritime attack HMA.8 variants. The squadron was tasked to provide Pilot and Observer training, and maintenance personnel, and for advanced and operational flying training, ready for ship's flights. [1]

All RN Westland Lynx Flights were initially parented by 700L Naval Air Squadron from July 1977. This transferred to 702 Naval Air Squadron on its formation in January 1978. [10] These Flights were formed of a single Westland Lynx HAS.2 anti-submarine helicopter, these were later followed with the HAS.3 variant and then eventually the HMA.8. Personnel consisted of a Pilot and an Observer, one as Flight Commander, Chief Petty Officer Senior Maintenance Rating and six Rating technicians. [11]

Westland Lynx HAS.3S, 702 Naval Air Squadron Westland WG-13 Lynx HAS3S, UK - Navy AN1173227.jpg
Westland Lynx HAS.3S, 702 Naval Air Squadron

In January 1981 these roles were split and the headquarters parenting duty became the charge of 815 Naval Air Squadron. [9] The following year both squadrons relocated to RNAS Portland (HMS Osprey), Dorset, England, for a period of eighteen years before returning to location of RNAS Yeovilton in 1999. [1]

Around 2011, it had a complement of around 160 experienced aircrew and maintainers providing training for approximately just over twelve aircrew and 100 maintainers, per annum, for 815 Naval Air Squadron. It also provided refresher training for an additional 50 aircrew. [2]

Helicopter Display Team

The squadron was also the home of the Black Cats – the Royal Navy’s official helicopter display team. [2] Originally known as “The Lynx Pair” the ‘Black Cat’ team name derives from the fierce wildcat depicted on 702 Naval Air Squadron’s badge and also the naval slang of “Black Catting” which implies one-upmanship, having something better than anyone else. [12]

702 Naval Air Squadron disbanded at a ceremony held at the Royal Naval Air Station Yeovilton (HMS Heron) on 1 August 2014. Its aircraft transferred to 815 Naval Air Squadron. [1]

Aircraft flown

The squadron operated a variety of different aircraft and versions: [4] [13]

702 Naval Air Squadron operated from a number of naval air stations of the Royal Navy (RN), both in the UK and overseas, a number of RN aircraft carriers and other RN warships, a number of Royal Fleet Auxiliary support ships and other air bases: [4]

1936 - 1940

1940 - 1943

1945 - 1946

1949 - 1952

1957 - 1958

1978 - 2014

Ship Flights

702 Naval Air Squadron parented a number of ships’ flights between 1978 and 1980 with Westland Lynx HAS.2: [4]

XZ689, Westland Lynx HAS.2, 702 Naval Air Squadron, RNAS Lee-On-Solent (HMS Daedalus), 25 September 1979 G XZ689, Westland Lynx HAS.2, 702 Squadron, RNAS Lee-On-Solent, 25-09-1979 (35605889576).jpg
XZ689, Westland Lynx HAS.2, 702 Naval Air Squadron, RNAS Lee-On-Solent (HMS Daedalus), 25 September 1979

Commanding Officers

List of commanding officers of 702 Naval Air Squadron with date of appointment: [5] [4]

1936 - 1940

1940 - 1943

1945 - 1946

1949 - 1952

1957 - 1958

1978 - 2014

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References

Citations

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ballance, Howard & Sturtivant 2016, p. 7.
  2. 1 2 3 "702 Naval Air Squadron | Royal Navy". Archived from the original on 4 October 2011.
  3. "History of 702 NAS at the Royal Navy website" . Retrieved 3 February 2010.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ballance, Howard & Sturtivant 2016, p. 8.
  5. 1 2 Wragg 2019, p. 113.
  6. "Hinstock". Royal Navy Research Archive - Fleet Air Arm Bases 1939 - present day. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  7. "Schofields". Royal Navy Research Archive - Fleet Air Arm Bases 1939 - present day. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
  8. Ballance, Howard & Sturtivant 2016, p. 84.
  9. 1 2 "702 Squadron - Royal Navy". helis.com. Retrieved 26 May 2024.
  10. Ballance, Howard & Sturtivant 2016, p. 333.
  11. Ballance, Howard & Sturtivant 2016, p. 334.
  12. "Black Cats display team's first female pilot at show". BBC News Online. 23 July 2010. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  13. "702 NAS Fleet Air Arm". wings-aviation.ch. Retrieved 27 May 2024.
  14. "Lee-on-Solent". Royal Navy Research Archive - Fleet Air Arm Bases 1939 - present day. Retrieved 27 May 2024.

Bibliography