| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 1,322,625 (Of those ~300,000 are Black Sub-Saharan African) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Andalusia, Catalonia, the Balearics, the Canaries, Madrid, Murcia, Valencia | |
| Languages | |
| Spanish; English, French, Portuguese, various languages of Africa | |
| Religion | |
| Predominantly Christian (mainly Roman Catholic), Sunni Islam, Traditional African religions, others, nonreligious | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| African people, Spanish Equatoguinean, Cape Verdean Spanish, Afro-European |
Afro-Spaniards are Spanish people of African descent namely Black or Black of mixed ancestry. The term may include Spaniards of any African background who are considered to be Black or of Black mixed ancestry mainly those of Afro-Caribbean, African American or Afro Latin American descent. The specific number of Afro-Spaniards is unknown due to the fact that the Spanish government does not collect data on ethnicity or racial self-identification.
In 2008, the largest numbers of African immigrants came from Morocco (71,141), Senegal (10,568), Algeria (5,592), Nigeria (4,855), Mali (3,502), Gambia (2,512), Equatorial Guinea (2,213), Ghana (1,922), Guinea (1,729), and Mauritania (1,577). [1]
Even though no official census data include racial or ethnic self-identification in Spain, some attempts have been made to quantify the number of Afro-Spaniards. Crossing the data of two official studies, [2] [3] there are at least 1,029,944 Afro-Spaniards, of whom a 47% were born in Spain and a 71% are Spanish nationals. [4]
There are currently 1,301,296 Spanish residents who were born in countries in the African continent, excluding the 1,802,810 born in Ceuta, Melilla, and the Canary Islands, which are Spanish provinces, and, in the case of Ceuta and Melilla, part of Andalusia. They are geographically located in Africa.
Out of these, 294,343 are Spanish citizens and 1,006,953 are foreign residents. The large majority of these originate in Morocco. There are 934,046 Moroccan born residents in Spain of which 223,590 are Spaniards and 710,457 are foreign residents. However, Moroccans being North Africans, they are usually not considered as Afro-Spaniards unless they are Black Moroccans, or have visible physical features usually associated with Black peoples. Non-Moroccan African-born residents in Spain thus number 367,250 of which 70,753 are Spanish citizens and 296,497 are foreign residents. [5] [6]
According to the national statistics agency, in 2019 there were 361,000 residents in Spain whose mother was born in an African country excluding Morocco. Out of these 91,000 were Spanish citizens. [7]
African populations have known to exist continuously in what is now Spain since pre-Roman times, [8] with a major influx of Africans occurring during the Islamic period. African admixture –primarily Berber and Arab admixture from North Africa –is dated to the Muslim period of the Middle Age, and averages from 10 to 12% in the south and west to ~3% in the northeast, dropping to close to 0% in a cluster found in the Basque region. [9] Canary Islander Spaniards have significantly higher levels of both North African and Sub-Saharan ancestry, ranging from averages of 14% to 35% and which originates both in the indigenous Guanche people and the subsequent slave trade. [10]
Sabadell is a city and municipality in Catalonia, Spain. It is in the south of the comarca of Vallès Occidental, where it is one of the two capitals, the other being Terrassa. It is located on the River Ripoll, 20 km (12 mi) north of Barcelona, 190 m (620 ft) above sea level.
Afro–Latin Americans or Black Latin Americans are Latin Americans of full or mainly sub-Saharan African ancestry.
The Soninke people are a West African Mande-speaking ethnic group found in Mali, southern Mauritania, eastern Senegal, The Gambia, and Guinea. They speak the Soninke language, also called the Serakhulle or Azer language, which is one of the Mande languages. Soninke people were the founders of the ancient empire of Ghana or Wagadou c. 200–1240 CE, Subgroups of Soninke include the Jakhanke, Maraka and Wangara. When the Ghana empire was destroyed, the resulting diaspora brought Soninkes to Mali, Mauritania, Senegal, Gambia, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinée-Conakry, modern-day Republic of Ghana, Kano in Nigeria, and Guinea-Bissau where some of this trading diaspora was called Wangara.
Black Peruvians or Afro-Peruvians are Peruvians of mostly or partially African descent. They mostly descend from enslaved Africans brought to Peru after the arrival of the conquistadors.
Afro-Argentines are Argentines of primarily Sub-Saharan African descent. The Afro-Argentine population is the result of people being brought over during the transatlantic slave trade during the centuries of Spanish domination in the region and immigration from Africa.
Sports in Morocco refers to the sports played in the Kingdom of Morocco. As of 2007, Moroccan society participated in many sports, including handball, football, golf, tennis, basketball, and athletics. Hicham El Guerrouj, a retired middle distance runner for Morocco, won two gold medals for Morocco at the Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics.
The Spanish diaspora in Equatorial Guinea is made of people of Spanish descent who are residents born or living in Equatorial Guinea. The population from Spain living in Equatorial Guinea numbers an estimated 17,000. This group is closely linked with the Fernandino people, a creole people who developed Spanish Guinea and Equatorial Guinea, mostly in Bioko island.
The African diaspora in the Americas refers to the people born in the Americas with partial, predominant, or complete sub-Saharan African ancestry. Many are descendants of persons enslaved in Africa and transferred to the Americas by Europeans, then forced to work mostly in European-owned mines and plantations, between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries. Significant groups have been established in the United States, in Canada, in the Caribbean (Afro-Caribbean), and in Latin America.
Afro-Chileans are Chilean people of African descent. They may be descendants of slaves who were brought to Chile via the trans-Atlantic slave trade, or recent migrants from other parts of Latin America, the Caribbean or Africa.
Baldé is a surname of West African origin. Some notable people with the surname include:
Afro-Russians are Russians of African descent. The Metis Foundation estimates that there were about 30,000 Afro-Russians in 2013.
Mamadou is a common given name in West Africa among predominantly Muslim ethnic groups such as the Mandé and Wolof people. It is a variant of the Arabic name Muhammad.
Afro-Venezuelans are Venezuelans of African descent. Afro-Venezuelans are mostly descendants of enslaved Africans brought to the Western Hemisphere during the Atlantic slave trade. This term also sometimes refers to the combining of African and other cultural elements found in Venezuelan society such as the arts, traditions, music, religion, race, and language.
Diakité is a family name of Fula origin.
Afro-Romanians are Romanians who are of African descent. Afro-Romanian populations are mostly concentrated in major cities of Romania. Africans have been immigrating to Romania since the Communist Era.
Marta Victoria Salgado Henríquez is a Chilean activist who focuses on promoting cultural preservation and civil rights protections for the African diaspora. She has founded several non-governmental organizations to promote women's and minority rights and served as a government advisor in these areas. Trained as a teacher and public administrator, she has written books and articles on the legacy of Africans in Chile.
Africans in Poland, also known as Afro-Poles or Afro-Polish, are citizens or residents of Poland who are of African descent. As of 2024, among European countries, the proportion of people from Africa is one of the lowest.
Sékou Gassama is a footballer who plays as a forward. Born in Spain, he represented Senegal at under-20 international level.
Senegal competed at the 2019 African Games held from 19 to 31 August 2019 in Rabat, Morocco. In total, athletes representing Senegal won one gold medal, five silver medals and 16 bronze medals and the country finished in 22nd place in the medal table.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)| Geography |
| ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Secondary Afro-American diaspora |
| ||||||||||||||||||
