American Gigolo

Last updated

American Gigolo
American gigolo post.jpg
Theatrical release poster
Directed by Paul Schrader
Written byPaul Schrader
Produced by Jerry Bruckheimer
Starring
Cinematography John Bailey
Edited by Richard Halsey
Music by Giorgio Moroder
Production
company
Distributed byParamount Pictures
Release date
  • February 1, 1980 (1980-02-01) [1]
Running time
117 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$5 million [2]
Box office$52.7 million [3] [4]

American Gigolo is a 1980 American neo-noir [5] crime drama film written and directed by Paul Schrader, and starring Richard Gere and Lauren Hutton. It tells the story of a high-priced escort in Los Angeles (Gere) who becomes romantically involved with a prominent politician's wife (Hutton), while simultaneously becoming the prime suspect in a murder case.

Contents

The film established Gere as a leading man, and was one of the first mainstream Hollywood films to include frontal male nudity from its main star. It is also notable for its Golden Globe Award-nominated musical score, composed by Giorgio Moroder, and number-one single "Call Me" by Blondie. Schrader considers it one of four similar films, which he calls "double bookends": Taxi Driver , bookended by Light Sleeper , and American Gigolo bookended by The Walker . [6]

Plot

Julian Kay is a male escort in Los Angeles whose clientele are upper-class women. His job supports and requires an expensive taste in cars and clothes, and affords him a luxury Westwood apartment. He is blatantly materialistic, as he strives to merit inclusion into the class of people who make up his clientele. He takes pleasure in his work from being able to sexually satisfy women, offering and selling his body to women.

Julian's procurer, Anne, sends him on an assignment with a wealthy old widow, Mrs. Dobrun, who is visiting town. Afterwards, he goes to the hotel bar and meets Michelle Stratton, a California state senator's wife, who becomes obsessed with him. Julian's pimp Leon sends him to Palm Springs on a "substitute" assignment to the house of Mr. Rheiman, a wealthy financier. Rheiman asks Julian to have sado-masochistic sex with his wife Judy while he is watching them. The next day, Julian berates Leon for sending him to a "rough trick" and makes it clear he declines kinky or gay assignments. Leon warns Julian that the wealthy, older women he serves will turn on him and discard him without a second thought.

As Julian begins to have a relationship with Michelle, he learns that Judy Rheiman has been murdered. Los Angeles Police Department Detective Sunday identifies Julian as the prime suspect. Though Julian was with Lisa Williams, another client, on the night of the murder, she protects her marriage by not providing an alibi for Julian.

Julian discovers evidence about the murder. He realizes that he is being framed and grows increasingly desperate. His clothes become rumpled, he goes unshaven and drives a cheap rental car (after painstakingly searching his Mercedes and finding Judy's jewelry that was planted in it to frame him). He neglects to pick up an important client for Anne that he had been scheduled to escort, angering Anne and causing her to shun him. Julian warns Michelle that he is in trouble and, hoping to protect her, he tells her to leave him alone.

Julian concludes that Leon and Rheiman are the ones trying to frame him, and that one of Leon's other gigolos was the murderer. Julian goes to confront Leon, telling him the truth and trying to clear his name. Leon refuses to help him and remains implacable. In a fit of rage, Julian pushes Leon from the apartment balcony; although Julian immediately regrets his action and tries to save him, Leon nevertheless falls to his death. With no one to help him, Julian ends up in jail, helplessly awaiting trial for Judy's murder. Michelle reconciles with Julian by telling the police that she was with Julian the night of Judy's murder, sacrificing her reputation and marriage to save him.

Cast

Production

Paul Schrader first conceived of the idea for the film while teaching screenwriting at UCLA's film and television department. [1] The script was one of five screenplays Schrader wrote in 1976. [1] Schrader commented, "The character in ' Taxi Driver ' was compulsively nonsexual. The character in 'American Gigolo' is compulsively sexual. He is a man who receives his identity by giving sexual pleasure but has no concept of receiving sexual pleasure." [7]

John Travolta was originally attached to the lead role, with his casting announced by the Los Angeles Times in January 1978. [1] Travolta was provided a wardrobe by Giorgio Armani and appeared in a photo spread for the trade publication Variety announcing his participation. [1] [8] The following year, Travolta dropped out of the production to deal with his mother's death and father's illness. [1] [8]

In Travolta's absence, Barry Diller of Paramount Pictures offered the part of Julian Kay to Christopher Reeve, but Reeve turned down the million-dollar offer. [9] Chevy Chase was also offered the role but declined. [10] Schrader offered the part to his first choice, Richard Gere, who accepted. [8] [11] [12] Gere was cast two weeks before shooting began. [12] In 2012, Gere said he was drawn to the role partly because of its gay subtext, commenting,

I read it and I thought, 'This is a character I don't know very well. I don't own a suit. He speaks languages; I don't speak any languages. There's kind of a gay thing that's flirting through it and I didn't know the gay community at all.' I wanted to immerse myself in all of that and I had literally two weeks. So I just dove in. [13]

This is not the only role Travolta turned down only to be taken by Gere: it had happened with Days of Heaven (1978) and occurred again when Travolta was offered the lead in An Officer and a Gentleman (1982) and Chicago (2002). [14] [15] Gere's brief nude scenes marked the first time a major Hollywood actor was frontally nude in a film. [16] [17] According to Gere, the nudity was not in the original script.

It was just in the natural process of making the movie. I certainly felt vulnerable, but I think it's different for men than women. [13]

Julie Christie was originally cast in the role of Michelle Stratton but her departure was precipitated by Gere's replacement of Travolta. [18] By the time Gere was cast, Lauren Hutton had already been hired. Meryl Streep was also offered the part of Michelle but declined because she did not like the tone of the film. [19] Glenn Close also auditioned for a role when Travolta was still attached. [20]

Schrader called Pickpocket (1959) by the French director Robert Bresson an influence on the film; the composition of the final shot pays homage to that film, as does the final dialogue. [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] Schrader later provided an introduction to the Criterion Collection DVD of Pickpocket. On the film's ending, Schrader writes: "At the end of American Gigolo, I wanted to perversely plunge my lizardy protagonist into icy Bressonian waters, so I lifted the ending of Pickpocket and gave it to Julian Kay. A grace note as unwarranted as Christ's promise to the thief on the cross". [26] Schrader re-visited many of the themes of American Gigolo in his 2007 film The Walker and says the idea for that film came about while wondering what would have become of the Julian Kay character. [27] [28]

The film is widely credited to have established the Giorgio Armani brand in Hollywood because the Italian designer's clothes are featured prominently in Julian Kay's wardrobe. When Gere replaced Travolta as Julian, the designer's team had to make new clothing for him as Travolta is 6 ft 2 in (188 cm) tall, a few inches taller than Gere. [29] [30]

Filming began on February 13, 1979, and lasted until April 1979. [1]

Soundtrack

The film's musical score was composed by Giorgio Moroder, who was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score. The main theme song of the film is "Call Me" performed by Blondie. The song was written by Moroder and Blondie vocalist Debbie Harry, and became a huge worldwide success in 1980. It peaked at number one in several countries including the US and the UK, and became the highest-selling single of 1980 in the United States. In 1981, the song was also nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal. Moroder and Harry further shared a nomination for the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song. [31]

Reception

Roger Ebert gave the film 3.5 stars out of 4, writing, "The whole movie has a winning sadness about it; take away the story's sensational aspects and what you have is a study in loneliness." [32] Gene Siskel of the Chicago Tribune also awarded 3.5 stars out of 4 and called it "an honest, compelling drama that sheds a little light in some beguilingly dark places." [33] Vincent Canby of The New York Times wrote in a negative review that writer-director Schrader "is awfully good at establishing inarticulate, unknowing, self-deluding characters, but he's much less effective when it comes to shepherding these characters through the contingencies of the melodrama that is supposed to ennoble them or, at least, to reveal their unsuspected moral resources." [34] Variety faulted the film for an "evasiveness at its core", finding a "moral and emotional ambivalence" in Gere's character "which makes caring about his predicament and ultimate fate difficult." [35] Charles Champlin of the Los Angeles Times was also negative, calling the film "such an improbable tissue of fantasies and dime-novel borrowings that from moment to moment it seems to be making fun of itself, although the joke is disguised perfectly." [36] Roger Angell of The New Yorker wrote that the film "presents a humorless, Penthouse kind of sex, all dolled up with expensive 'real' settings, foreign cars, hi-fi sets, and designer clothes, but barely alive at its glum, soft core." [37]

On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes , 72% of 29 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 6.7/10.The website's consensus reads: "While Paul Schrader's clinical direction and Richard Gere's muted performance don't stir much passion, American Gigolo succeeds as a stylish character study." [38]

Television series

In October 2014, Jerry Bruckheimer announced plans to adapt the film into a television series. [39] In October 2016, it was announced that Neil Labute will write the series for Showtime. [40] On June 15, 2021, Showtime gave production series order consists of ten episodes. David Hollander will be writing, directing, and showrunning the series. He is also expected to executive produce alongside Jerry Bruckheimer, Jonathan Littman, and KristieAnne Reed. [41] Jon Bernthal, Rosie O’Donnell, Lizzie Brocheré, and Leland Orser were cast in starring roles while Wayne Brady was cast to guest star. [42]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Travolta</span> American actor (born 1954)

John Joseph Travolta is an American actor. Travolta began acting in television before transitioning into a leading man in films. His accolades include a Primetime Emmy Award and a Golden Globe Award, in addition to nominations for two Academy Awards and a BAFTA Award.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Richard Gere</span> American actor (born 1949)

Richard Tiffany Gere is an American actor. He began appearing in films in the 1970s, playing a supporting role in Looking for Mr. Goodbar (1977) and a starring role in Days of Heaven (1978). He came to prominence with his role in the film American Gigolo (1980), which established him as a leading man and a sex symbol. His other films include An Officer and a Gentleman (1982), The Cotton Club (1984), No Mercy (1986), Pretty Woman (1990), Sommersby (1993), Intersection (1994), First Knight (1995), Primal Fear (1996), Runaway Bride (1999), Dr. T & the Women (2000), Shall We Dance? (2004), I'm Not There (2007), Arbitrage (2012) and Norman (2016). For portraying Billy Flynn in the musical Chicago (2002), he won a Golden Globe Award.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giorgio Moroder</span> Italian composer and music producer (born 1940)

Giovanni Giorgio Moroder is an Italian composer and music producer. Dubbed the "Father of Disco", Moroder is credited with pioneering euro disco and electronic dance music. His work with synthesizers had a large influence on several music genres such as hi-NRG, Italo disco, synth-pop, new wave, house and techno music.

<i>An Officer and a Gentleman</i> 1982 US romantic drama film by Taylor Hackford

An Officer and a Gentleman is a 1982 American romantic drama film directed by Taylor Hackford from a screenplay by Douglas Day Stewart, and starring Richard Gere, Debra Winger, and Louis Gossett Jr. It tells the story of Zack Mayo (Gere), a United States Navy Aviation Officer Candidate who is beginning his training at Aviation Officer Candidate School. While Zack meets his first true girlfriend during his training, a young "townie" named Paula (Winger), he also comes into conflict with the hard-driving Marine Corps Gunnery Sergeant Emil Foley (Gossett) training his class.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jerry Bruckheimer</span> American film and television producer (born 1943)

Jerome Leon Bruckheimer is an American film and television producer. He has been active in the genres of action, drama, comedy, fantasy, horror and science fiction. After working in advertising out of college, Bruckheimer moved into film production in the 1970s. In the 1980s and 1990s, he partnered with fellow producer Don Simpson. Bruckheimer and Simpson's partnership continued until Simpson's death in 1996. Bruckheimer has produced films including Flashdance, The Rock, Crimson Tide, Con Air, Armageddon, Enemy of the State, Pearl Harbor, Black Hawk Down, and Kangaroo Jack, as well as the Beverly Hills Cop, Top Gun, Bad Boys, Pirates of the Caribbean, and National Treasure franchises.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paul Schrader</span> American film director

Paul Joseph Schrader is an American screenwriter, film director, and film critic. He first became widely known for writing the screenplay of Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver (1976). He later continued his collaboration with Scorsese, writing or co-writing Raging Bull (1980), The Last Temptation of Christ (1988), and Bringing Out the Dead (1999). Schrader is more prolific as a director: his 22 films include Blue Collar (1978), Hardcore (1979), American Gigolo (1980), Mishima: A Life in Four Chapters (1985), Light Sleeper (1992), Affliction (1997), and First Reformed (2017), with the last of these earning him his first Academy Award nomination. Schrader's work frequently depicts "man in a room" stories which feature isolated, troubled men confronting an existential crisis.

<i>Cat People</i> (1982 film) 1982 film by Paul Schrader

Cat People is a 1982 American supernatural horror film directed by Paul Schrader and starring Nastassja Kinski, Malcolm McDowell, John Heard, and Annette O'Toole. It is a remake of the 1942 RKO Radio Pictures film of the same name. Giorgio Moroder composed the film's score, including the theme song, which features lyrics and vocals by David Bowie. Wilbur Stark and Jerry Bruckheimer served as executive producers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Call Me (Blondie song)</span> 1980 single by Blondie

"Call Me" is a song by the American new wave band Blondie and the theme to the 1980 film American Gigolo. Produced and composed by Italian musician Giorgio Moroder, with lyrics by Blondie singer Debbie Harry, the song appeared in the film and was released in the United States in early 1980 as a single. "Call Me" was No. 1 for six consecutive weeks on the Billboard Hot 100, where it became the band's biggest single and second No. 1. It also hit No. 1 in the UK and Canada, where it became their fourth and second chart-topper, respectively. In the year-end chart of 1980, it was Billboard's No. 1 single and RPM magazine's No. 3 in Canada.

Donald Clarence Simpson was an American film producer, screenwriter, and actor. Simpson and his producing partner Jerry Bruckheimer produced hit films such as Flashdance (1983), Beverly Hills Cop (1984), Top Gun (1986), and The Rock (1996). At the time of his death in 1996, Simpson's films' total gross was $3 billion worldwide.

<i>Light Sleeper</i> 1992 film by Paul Schrader

Light Sleeper is a 1992 American crime drama film written and directed by Paul Schrader and starring Willem Dafoe, Susan Sarandon, and Dana Delany. Set in New York City during a sanitation strike, the gritty neo-noir film stars Dafoe as a high-class drug dealer battling a midlife crisis before becoming embroiled in tragic events following the chance encounter with a former girlfriend. While under-performing at the box office, the film was regarded favorably by critics.

<i>Pickpocket</i> (film) 1959 French film by Robert Bresson

Pickpocket is a 1959 French film written and directed by Robert Bresson. It stars Martin LaSalle, who was a nonprofessional actor at the time, in the title role, and features Marika Green, Pierre Leymarie, and Jean Pélégri in supporting roles. The film is generally considered to be one of Bresson's greatest films.

American Gigolo is a 1980 feature film, written and directed by Paul Schrader and starring Richard Gere.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jon Bernthal</span> American actor

Jonathan Edward Bernthal is an American actor. Beginning his career in the early 2000s, he came to prominence for portraying Shane Walsh on the AMC horror series The Walking Dead, where he was a starring cast member in the first two seasons. Bernthal achieved further recognition as Frank Castle / Punisher in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) television series Daredevil (2016) and The Punisher (2017–2019). For his recurring role as Michael Berzatto in the series The Bear (2022–present), Bernthal received a Primetime Emmy nomination.

<i>The Walker</i> 2007 American film

The Walker is a 2007 independent crime drama film written and directed by Paul Schrader and starring Woody Harrelson, Kristin Scott Thomas, Lauren Bacall, Ned Beatty, Lily Tomlin, Willem Dafoe, Moritz Bleibtreu and Mary Beth Hurt. It is the fourth installment in Schrader's night workers series of films, starting with Taxi Driver in 1976, followed by American Gigolo in 1980 and Light Sleeper in 1992.

"The Love I Saw in You Was Just a Mirage" is a 1967 song recorded by the American R&B group The Miracles on Motown Records' Tamla label. Written by Miracles members Smokey Robinson and Marv Tarplin and produced by Robinson, it is noted for being the first single to bill the group as "Smokey Robinson" & the Miracles, a billing already present on the group's albums by this time. Miracles members Smokey Robinson and Pete Moore were the song's producers.

<i>American Gigolo</i> (soundtrack) 1980 soundtrack album by Giorgio Moroder

American Gigolo is the soundtrack album to the 1980 film of the same name, starring Richard Gere and Lauren Hutton. The music was composed and performed by Italian musician Giorgio Moroder and was released worldwide on the Polydor label. It peaked at number 7 on the Billboard 200 album chart. All the cuts from the soundtrack also went to number two for five weeks on the disco/dance charts.

A gigolo is a male escort or social companion who is supported by a person in a continuing relationship,.

<i>American Gigolo</i> (TV series) American neo-noir crime drama television series

American Gigolo is an American neo-noir crime drama television series developed by David Hollander. It is based on the 1980 film of the same name written and directed by Paul Schrader. The series stars Jon Bernthal as Julian Kaye, the protagonist of the original film, alongside Gretchen Mol, Lizzie Brocheré, Gabriel LaBelle, Leland Orser, and Rosie O'Donnell.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gabriel LaBelle</span> Canadian actor (born 2002)

Gabriel LaBelle is a Canadian actor. He is best known for his leading role as young aspiring filmmaker Sammy Fabelman in Steven Spielberg's semi-autobiographical film The Fabelmans (2022), for which he received acclaim and won the Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Young Performer.

Oh, Canada is an upcoming American drama film written and directed by Paul Schrader, based on the 2021 novel Foregone by Russell Banks. It stars Richard Gere, Uma Thurman, Michael Imperioli, Jacob Elordi, Victoria Hill, and Kristine Froseth. This marked the second collaboration between Gere and Schrader after American Gigolo as well as Schrader's second adaptation of a novel by Banks after 1997's Affliction.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "American Gigolo – Details". AFI Catalog of Feature Films. American Film Institute . Retrieved November 24, 2018.
  2. ↑ "The Unstoppables". Spy. November 1988. p. 92.
  3. ↑ "American Gigolo". Box Office Mojo .
  4. ↑ "American Gigolo (1980) – Financial Information". The Numbers .
  5. ↑ Schwartz, Ronald (2005). Neo-noir: The New Film Noir Style from Psycho to Collateral. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN   978-0-8108-5676-9.
  6. ↑ "American Cinema of the 70s". The Story of Film: An Odyssey . Season 1. 2011. Event occurs at 28 minutes in. More4.
  7. ↑ "Travolta to Play a Gigolo". The New York Times . May 3, 1978. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved January 15, 2022.
  8. 1 2 3 Anolik, Lili (February 8, 2020). "Call Me!". Air Mail . Retrieved June 17, 2022.
  9. ↑ Holley, Joe (October 12, 2004). "A Leading Man for Spinal Cord Research". The Washington Post . p. A01. Retrieved January 25, 2010.
  10. ↑ "The Lost Roles of Chevy Chase". Vulture . September 22, 2011.
  11. ↑ Segell, Michael (March 6, 1980). "Richard Gere: Heart-Breaker". Rolling Stone . Archived from the original on December 5, 2020. Retrieved January 15, 2022.
  12. 1 2 Karger, Dave (August 31, 2012). "Richard Gere on Gere". EW.com . Retrieved January 8, 2022.
  13. 1 2 Kinser, Jeremy (September 1, 2012). "Richard Gere Accepted American Gigolo Role Because of Gay Subtext". The Advocate .
  14. ↑ Gilbey, Ryan (February 17, 2009). "Who's next for a Mickey Rourke-style comeback?". The Guardian . Archived from the original on July 31, 2009. Retrieved January 25, 2010.
  15. ↑ Lawrence, Will (June 30, 2007). "Travolta as you've never seen him before" . Times Online . Archived from the original on January 25, 2010. Retrieved January 25, 2010.
  16. ↑ Persall, Steve (March 7, 2009). "Male movie stars' naughty bits are nothing new". St. Petersburg Times . Archived from the original on March 10, 2009.
  17. ↑ Dirks, T (2009). "History of Sex in Cinema: The Greatest and Most Influential Sexual Films and Scenes (Part 27)". Filmsite.org . Archived from the original on January 26, 2010. Retrieved January 24, 2010.
  18. ↑ Easton Ellis, Bret (2019). White. Knopf. p. 29. ISBN   9780525656319 . Retrieved January 15, 2022.
  19. ↑ Smurthwaite, Nick (1984). The Meryl Streep Story. Beaufort Books. ISBN   978-0-8253-0229-9.
  20. ↑ "Glenn Close recalls 'horrible and humiliating' American Gigolo audition". Yahoo! Style UK. April 14, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2022.
  21. ↑ Thompson, Rick. "Pickpocket". Senses of Cinema . Retrieved January 27, 2010.
  22. ↑ Auty, Chris. "Robert Bresson's Pickpocket" (PDF). Film Forum . Retrieved January 27, 2010.
  23. ↑ Johnston, Sheila (October 5, 2006). "Film-makers on film: Paul Schrader". The Telegraph . Archived from the original on April 27, 2009.
  24. ↑ Dawson, Tom (April 3, 2005). "Pickpocket review". BBC . Retrieved January 26, 2010.
  25. ↑ Schrader, Paul (November 2007). "Robert Bresson: Alias Grace". Sight & Sound . British Film Institute. Archived from the original on October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 26, 2010.
  26. ↑ Schrader, Paul. Collected Screenplays 1. Faber and Faber, 2002, p. viii.
  27. ↑ Schrader, Paul. "The Walker". Landmark Theatres . Archived from the original on December 29, 2009. Retrieved January 27, 2010.
  28. ↑ Malcolm, Derek (September 8, 2007). "American gigolo in the frame". London Evening Standard . Archived from the original on November 6, 2009.
  29. ↑ Suton, Koraljka. "'American Gigolo' (1980): Paul Schrader's Character Study on Loneliness that Established Richard Gere as a Leading Man". NeoText. Archived from the original on March 1, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2022.
  30. ↑ "American Gigolo: Armani Gere". Clothes on Film. May 5, 2012. Archived from the original on May 16, 2012.
  31. ↑ "Winners & Nominees 1981". Goldenglobes.com. Retrieved August 17, 2023.
  32. ↑ Ebert, Roger. "American Gigolo". RogerEbert.com . Retrieved November 24, 2018.
  33. ↑ Siskel, Gene (February 1, 1980). "'Gigolo' airs the dirty linen of the silken set". Chicago Tribune . Section 4, p. 3.
  34. ↑ Canby, Vincent (February 1, 1980). "Screen: 'American Gigolo,' a Southern California Melodrama". The New York Times . p. C14.
  35. ↑ "American Gigolo". Variety . December 31, 1979.
  36. ↑ Champlin, Charles (February 1, 1980). "'American Gigolo'—Love 'Em And Leave". Los Angeles Times . Part V, p. 1.
  37. ↑ Angell, Roger (February 4, 1980). "The Current Cinema". The New Yorker . p. 108.
  38. ↑ "American Gigolo". Rotten Tomatoes . Fandango Media . Retrieved July 28, 2023. OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
  39. ↑ Goldberg, Lesley (October 29, 2014). "Jerry Bruckheimer Adapting 'American Gigolo' for Paramount TV". The Hollywood Reporter . Retrieved January 11, 2016.
  40. ↑ Andreeva, Nellie (November 2, 2016). "American Gigolo' TV Series Adaptation Set At Showtime From Paramount TV, Jerry Bruckheimer & Neil LaBute". Deadline. Retrieved January 6, 2017.
  41. ↑ Ausiello, Michael (June 15, 2021). "American Gigolo: Jon Bernthal-Led Reboot Scores 10-Episode Series Order at Showtime — First Look". TVLine. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  42. ↑ Petski, Denise (June 15, 2021). "'American Gigolo' Reboot Starring Jon Bernthal Gets Showtime Series Order". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.