Canal Street (Manchester)

Last updated

Canal Street
Canal Street (Manchester).JPG
"Welcome to Manchester's Gay Village" mural and street signs, at the corner of Chorlton St.
Location Manchester city centre, England
Postal code M1
Coordinates 53°28′40″N2°14′08.25″W / 53.47778°N 2.2356250°W / 53.47778; -2.2356250
Construction
Construction start1804
Other
Known for Gay village, gay clubs and bars
Website http://www.canal-st.co.uk/

Canal Street is a street in Manchester city centre in North West England and the centre of Manchester's gay village. The pedestrianised street, which runs along the west side of the Rochdale Canal, is lined with gay bars and restaurants. At night time, and in daytime in the warmer months, the street is filled with visitors, often including LGBT tourists from all over the world[ citation needed ]. The northern end of the street meets Minshull Street and the southern meets Princess Street; part of the street looks across the Rochdale Canal into Sackville Gardens.

Contents

History

Canal Street developed when the Rochdale Canal was constructed in 1804, a trade artery running through the city. Pubs and other businesses evolved to service the users of the canal, especially the people stopping at the lock nearby.

It wasn't until the 20th century when the area first begin to be properly associated with gay people. By the 1950s, use of the canal had greatly declined due to competition from other methods of transport. [1] Whilst assuming the form of an industrial area full of cotton factories, by night the area was a red-light district. [2] With the collapse of the cotton industry in Northern England, the area suffered urban decay. The area along the canal was perfect for gay men to meet clandestinely as it was dark and unvisited, but was near to good transport links such as Oxford Road and Piccadilly railway stations. [3]

In the 1980s, James Anderton, Chief Constable of Greater Manchester, accused gays of "swirling in a cesspit of their own making" [4] and, according to Beatrix Campbell, "encouraged his officers to stalk its dank alleys and expose anyone caught in a clinch, while police motorboats with spotlights cruised for gay men around the canal's locks and bridges". [4] Anderton, when questioned about the policing of the Canal Street area, denied that he was motivated by anti-gay prejudice and was merely enforcing the law on sexual activity in public toilets. Greater Manchester Police under his leadership ran a strict licensing regime for bars and nightclubs in the central Manchester area. Anderton retired in 1991.

The opening of Manto (a gay bar) in 1990 was regarded as a catalyst for the development of many of the current style of bars and clubs in the Village. [5] It was created when Carol Ainscow, a gay property developer, alongside her business partner Peter Dalton, bought a garage repair building on Canal Street. Unlike the other gay bars at that time, the building was the first in the area to be clad with large plate glass windows; [2] allowing the casual passer-by to view what was going on inside. Previously, many establishments catering for the gay community were often keen to conceal activities from the general public, but the architectural design of Manto was seen as a queer visual statement of "we're here, we're queer – get used to it", and a brick-and-mortar refusal to hide any more, or to remain underground and invisible. [6] Ainscow stated, "I felt sick of having to knock on doors and hide". [4] Despite this, she stated that for the first six months of business, Manto was continually losing money due to people's fear of being seen in there. [4]

Gay Village around Canal Street Manchester-Canal Street-Gay Village map.png
Gay Village around Canal Street

Another catalyst for the expansion in the 1990s was its official recognition by Manchester City Council [ citation needed ]. Following the passing of a number of non-discrimination policies on the grounds of sexuality in the late 1980s, the council was pioneering work in the advancement of lesbian and gay rights with a HIV/AIDS unit, sympathetic press and marketing officers like Chris Payne and Tony Cross, an Equality Group which appointed lesbians and gay men as officers - including Paul Fairweather, Marcus Woolley, Chris Root, Maggie Turner, Terry Waller and Mark Ovenden - to key departments like Libraries, [7] Children's Services and Housing [8] and much official emphasis was placed on strengthening the community element of the Village. This included major support for the Mardi Gras, purchase of the Sackville Street Gardens in 1990, [9] and becoming the first UK council to support civil partnerships. [10]

The Village has been unified by issues regarding the gay community, such as Section 28 in the run-up to it becoming law in 1988 and the period thereafter. Ian Wilmott, a gay Labour councillor, said, "Section 28 was such a monstrous attack on civil liberties that hundreds of campaigners came together to oppose it. People were feeling besieged. We had no homeland, no part of the city. We needed somewhere ... It had to be more than a club. We willed the village into existence." [4] Additionally, raising awareness over the HIV/AIDS threat to the community was "integral to bringing the village together" according to John Hamilton, chair of the Village Business Association. [4] This focus led to several of the pubs on or near Canal Street acquiring a predominantly gay clientele. [11]

Over the next decade, more numerous and larger bars opened along the canal side, turning Canal Street into the centre of the most successful gay village in Europe, [4] including Via Fossa, Velvet, Eden and AXM. [12] [13]

In 1999, Canal Street was bought to wider public view through its setting for the television series Queer as Folk , and again in the 2001 series Bob & Rose . [14]

Mainstream popularity

This success led to a number of problems, however, with a resultant influx of straight drinkers including hen parties into the village and tensions amongst the existing LGBT community. [14] Increasingly strict and cautious door policies on some bars attempted to keep some straight people out with questioning on the door to test for "gayness" [15] however this also caused unintended consequences with some LGBT people being turned away. [16] As the popularity of the village grew, so did problems of incoming crime. [17]

In 2004 a boycott was launched against a new Slug and Lettuce bar by the village community because the chain refused to support Manchester Pride, eventually leading to its closure. [4]

By 2006, concerns were being raised about falling revenues in the bars on Canal Street. [18] In a 2013 article in Mancunian Matters, a community based web newspaper and webzine, Amy Lofthouse explored the change within Canal Street: "For more than 20 years Canal Street has been viewed as the centre of the gay community in Manchester… but campaigners want to ensure dangerous stereotypes of it being a 'gay ghetto' are left behind. With clubs, pubs and restaurants, the village has also become the focus of many a night out for students, hen parties and friends on a weekend away. This change however has not been welcomed by everyone on the street. Earlier in the year there was controversy over club door policies and there were fears that Canal Street’s role in the LGBT community was being diluted. Nowhere was the change in the Street shown more starkly than with the closure of Manto in October 2013. Manto was one of the most iconic bars in the area, having been a fixture on the street for 22 years. Manto's re-opened in 2015 under a new name of ON Bar initially struggling it found its feet again in 2016 when the London owners head hunted Tony D Cooper from the successful Via further up Canal St." Lofthouse quotes Amelia Lee of LGBT Youth North West as feeling that Canal Street is over-emphasised as an all-encompassing gay area: "It’s more for hen-do events than for LGBT people. I think it has grown too big and now needs to readjust and diversify to cater for more needs of the LGBT community." [19]

This change in the types of clientele attending or moving in and out of the area in recent years is believed to have led to a number of homophobic attacks such as the one on Simon Brass, who was thrown into the canal and left to drown by a gang of muggers in June 2013. [20]

In February 2015, gay activist Peter Tatchell added his voice to the debate about the changing nature of the area in the Manchester Evening News , saying "It would be very wrong if there were unilateral attempts to change its character. I am all in favour of it evolving but it has to be with the agreement of the LGBTI community. As a society the need for specific gay districts may decline but we are not there yet. It would be a backward step to de-gay Canal Street." [21]

Redevelopment

Further concerns for the future of the gay village have come about from redevelopment in and around the area. 800 "upmarket" homes are planned to be built overlooking Canal Street, and the existing community including bar owners running late licences fear that "there will be untenable conflict of interest between future residents and longstanding LGBT establishments". There has been criticism of a "lack of consultation", and tensions exacerbated by early developer plans referring to the area as "Portland Village" instead. [22] Others believe that the area has lost its former attraction and finds itself "at a crossroads". [23]

Following a strategic review of the area in 2020, Manchester City Council, in partnership with Consultancy HATCH, [24] launched the Manchester's Gay Village Action Plan in 2024, [25] which aims to 'maintain, preserve and improve the LGBT quarter' based on consultation, feedback and further planned collaboration with the LGBT+ community.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gay village</span> Geographical area within a city that is inhabited or frequented by LGBT people

A gay village, also known as a gayborhood, is a geographical area with generally recognized boundaries that is inhabited or frequented by many lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBT) people. Gay villages often contain a number of gay-oriented establishments, such as gay bars and pubs, nightclubs, bathhouses, restaurants, boutiques, and bookstores.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peter Tatchell</span> Australian-born British human rights campaigner (born 1952)

Peter Gary Tatchell is an Australian-born British human rights campaigner, best known for his work with LGBTQI+ social movements.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Church and Wellesley</span> LGBT-oriented settlement in Canada

Church and Wellesley is an LGBT-oriented enclave in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is roughly bounded by Gerrard Street to the south, Yonge Street to the west, Charles Street to the north, and Jarvis Street to the east, with the core commercial strip located along Church Street from Wellesley south to Alexander. Though some LGBT-oriented establishments can be found outside this area, the general boundaries of this village have been defined by the Gay Toronto Tourism Guild.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manchester city centre</span> Central business district in England

Manchester City Centre is the central business district of Manchester, England, within the confines of Great Ancoats Street, A6042 Trinity Way, and A57(M) Mancunian Way, which collectively form an inner ring road. The City Centre ward had a population of 17,861 at the 2011 census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sackville Gardens</span> Park in Manchester, England

Sackville Gardens is a public space in Manchester, England. It is bounded by Manchester College's Shena Simon Campus on one side and Whitworth Street, Sackville Street, the Rochdale Canal and Canal Street on the others.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alan Turing Memorial</span> Memorial in Manchester, England

The Alan Turing Memorial, situated in Sackville Gardens in Manchester, England, is a sculpture in memory of Alan Turing, a pioneer of modern computing.

Sir Cyril James Anderton was a British police officer who served as chief constable of Greater Manchester from 1976 to 1991.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manchester Pride</span> Annual LGBT event in Manchester, England

Manchester Pride is a charity that campaigns for LGBTQ+ equality across the United Kingdom, predominantly in Greater Manchester. The Charity offers dialogue, training, research and policy analysis, advocacy and outreach activities focusing on LGBTQ+ rights.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pride Quarter, Liverpool</span> Gay quarter in Liverpool, UK

The Pride Quarter, also known as the Stanley Street Quarter, Liverpool Gay Quarter or Village, is an area within Liverpool City Centre, England. It serves as the main focal point for Liverpool's lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community. The quarter is made up of mixed use developments including residential blocks, hotels, bars, nightclubs and various other businesses, many of which cater for the LGBT community. Aspects of the annual Liverpool Pride are also held in and around Stanley Street.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New Islington</span> Human settlement in England

New Islington is an inner city area of Manchester, in North West England. Historically in Lancashire and part of Ancoats, it has taken a separate identity to reflect its changed status as a regeneration area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Birmingham Gay Village</span> LGBT district in Birmingham

The Birmingham Gay Village is an LGBT district next to the Chinese Quarter in Birmingham city centre, centred along Hurst Street, which hosts many LGBT-friendly businesses. The village is visited by thousands of people every week and has a thriving night life featuring clubs, sports bars, cocktail bars, cabaret bars and shops, with most featuring live entertainment including music, dancing and drag queens.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LGBT culture in Liverpool</span>

The LGBT community in Liverpool, England is one of the largest in the United Kingdom and has a recorded history since the 18th century. Many historic LGBT firsts and pioneering moments in the LGBT rights movement either took place in Liverpool or were achieved by citizens of the city.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LGBT culture in New York City</span>

New York City has been described as the gay capital of the world and the central node of the LGBTQ+ sociopolitical ecosystem, and is home to one of the world's largest LGBTQ populations and the most prominent. Brian Silverman, the author of Frommer's New York City from $90 a Day, wrote the city has "one of the world's largest, loudest, and most powerful LGBT communities", and "Gay and lesbian culture is as much a part of New York's basic identity as yellow cabs, high-rise buildings, and Broadway theatre". LGBT travel guide Queer in the World states, "The fabulosity of Gay New York is unrivaled on Earth, and queer culture seeps into every corner of its five boroughs". LGBT advocate and entertainer Madonna stated metaphorically, "Anyways, not only is New York City the best place in the world because of the queer people here. Let me tell you something, if you can make it here, then you must be queer."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LGBT Foundation</span>

LGBT Foundation is a national charity based in Manchester with a wide portfolio of services. With a history dating back to 1975, it campaigns for a fair and equal society where all lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans (LGBT) people are able to reach their full potential. They support over 40,000 people directly every year, and a further 600,000 online. They provide direct services and resources to more LGBT people than any other charity of its kind in the UK.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cooper Do-nuts Riot</span> Alleged 1959 LGBTQ uprising in Los Angeles, California

The Cooper Do-nuts Riot was an alleged uprising in reaction to police harassment of LGBT people at a 24-hour donut cafe in Los Angeles in the 1960s. Whether the riot actually happened, the date, location and whether or not the cafe was a branch of the Cooper chain are all disputed, and there is a lack of contemporary documentary evidence, with the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) stating that any records of such event would have been purged years ago.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">42–44 Sackville Street</span> Listed building in Manchester, England

42–44 Sackville Street, known originally as Sackville House with originally two separate entrances, 42 and 44 Sackville Street, is a four-storey over basement Grade II listed building in Manchester, England. It is situated in the City Centre ward, and is delimited by Sackville Street to the East, the Rochdale Canal and Canal Street to the North, and Brazil Street to the South. It is adjoined on the West side by Amazon House, and faces Sackville Gardens.

LGBT culture in Leeds, England, involves an active community of people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender/transsexual. A BBC News Online article published in 2012 stated that, while Leeds City Council has not published statistics relating to the number of LGBT residents, the figure can be estimated at 10% of the overall population, which currently suggests a total of at least 77,000. The tenth year of the Leeds Pride march and celebration, held in 2016, was attended by over 40,000 people.

This is a timeline of notable events in the history of the lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans community in Manchester.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Statue of Alexander Wood</span> Former statue in Toronto, Ontario

A statue of Alexander Wood was erected in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, by the Church Wellesley Village Business Improvement Area (CWVBIA) and the municipal government of Toronto on May 28, 2005. Designed and constructed by artist Del Newbigging, the 244-centimetre-tall (8 ft) bronze sculpture was installed at the corner of Church and Alexander Streets in Church and Wellesley, the gay village of Toronto. It was the first LGBT monument in Canada. The statue was removed and destroyed by the CWVBIA on April 4, 2022, amid renewed focus on Wood's ties to a group that raised funds for a mission school that later became the Shingwauk Indian Residential School.

The United Kingdom has a number of gay villages. Bigger cities and metropolitan areas are most popular as they are deemed to be more tolerant and tend to have "a history of progressive local government policy towards supporting and financing LGBTQ-friendly initiatives." There is also a noted circular pattern of migration, whereby once areas have established a reputation as somewhere LGBT people live, more LGBT people are drawn there. LGBT-inclusive areas of UK towns and cities tend to be defined by "a distinct geographic focal point, a unique culture, a cluster of commercial spaces" and sometimes a concentration of residences. It is thought that LGBT-inclusive areas help towns and cities in the UK to prosper economically, but some believe the building of such areas creates an isolating effect on some LGBT people who want to blend in.

References

  1. ↑ History of the Rochdale Canal retrieved 2 April 2008
  2. 1 2 Jenny Turner (9 June 1996). "The gay village, Canal Street, Manchester". The Independent . London. Retrieved 24 December 2010.
  3. ↑ History: Canal Street, Manchester's Gay Village; by Jon Atkin Retrieved on 13 September 2008
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Campbell, Beatrix (7 August 2004). "Village people". The Guardian.
  5. ↑ Smith, David; Richardson, Colin (17 December 1995). "Paint the town pink". The Independent. London. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
  6. ↑ Binnie, John (2006). Cosmopolitan Urbanism . London: Routledge. p.  230. ISBN   0-415-34491-3.
  7. ↑ "Top tips for searching archives - LGBT Source Guide - Manchester City Council". Manchester.gov.uk. Retrieved 16 July 2012.
  8. ↑ "Housing advice for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people". Manchester.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 8 March 2010.
  9. ↑ "About Sackville Street Gardens - Sackville Street Gardens - Manchester City Council". Secure.manchester.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 22 March 2012. Retrieved 16 July 2012.
  10. ↑ "Gay couples stage mass 'wedding'". BBC News. 29 August 2004.
  11. ↑ History: From Grime to Prime; by Mike Wolfe Archived 6 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2 April 2008
  12. ↑ Sarah Walters (2 December 2018). "Here's what Manchester's Gay Village on Canal Street looked like in 1997". Manchester Evening News.
  13. ↑ Emily Heward (7 August 2017). "Manchester nightclub AXM closes down after 12 years". Manchester Evening News.
  14. 1 2 Aitkenhead, Decca (24 October 2001). "Village people". The Guardian.
  15. ↑ BBC Where I Live, Manchester: The Village; Take me to the gay bar Retrieved on 13 September 2008
  16. ↑ Bi Community News "Inclusive" EuroPride Manchester Takes Shape Retrieved on 22 March 2018
  17. ↑ "They're only here for the queers". The Independent. 6 April 2000.
  18. ↑ Herbert, Ian (11 February 2006). "Are hen nights to blame for hard times in Manchester's Gay Village?". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 6 June 2009.
  19. ↑ Lofthouse, Amy (29 December 2013). "Canal Street 20 years on: How has Manchester's gay village changed and can it shed image as 'gay ghetto'?". Mancunian Matters. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  20. ↑ Chris Osuh (5 October 2013). "Jailed, phone robbery gang who drowned man in Manchester canal". Manchester Evening News.
  21. ↑ Charlotte Dobson (18 February 2015). "Peter Tatchell: We must not de-gay Canal Street". Manchester Evening News. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
  22. ↑ Pidd, Helen; O'Connell, Patrick (25 August 2018). "Fears for Manchester's LGBT hub as cranes swing in". The Guardian. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
  23. ↑ Simon Binns (29 April 2018). "How gay is gay enough? And does it matter? Canal Street is at a crossroads and the future could be interesting". Manchester Evening News. Retrieved 1 January 2019.
  24. ↑ Hatmaker, Julia (25 March 2024). "Manchester launches action plan for Gay Village". Place North West. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
  25. ↑ "Manchester's Gay Village Action Plan". Manchester City Council. March 2024. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.