Christopher J. Einolf

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Christopher J. Einolf is a sociologist whose research interests include altruism, charitable giving, and volunteering, as well as torture and human rights. He is a professor of sociology at Northern Illinois University. [1]

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Torture is the deliberate infliction of severe pain or suffering on a person for various reasons, including punishment, extracting a confession, interrogation for information, or intimidating third parties.

Privatism is a generic term generally describing any belief that people have a right to the private ownership of certain things. According to different perspectives, it describes also the attitude of people to be concerned only about ideas or facts that affect them as individuals.

The private sphere is the complement or opposite to the public sphere. The private sphere is a certain sector of societal life in which an individual enjoys a degree of authority, unhampered by interventions from governmental, economic or other institutions. Examples of the private sphere are family and home.

Nonprofit technology is the deliberative use of technology by nonprofit organizations to maximize potential in numerous areas, primarily in supporting the organization mission and meeting reporting requirements to funders and regulators.

Marketisation or marketization is a restructuring process that enables state enterprises to operate as market-oriented firms by changing the legal environment in which they operate.

In epistemology, and more specifically, the sociology of knowledge, reflexivity refers to circular relationships between cause and effect, especially as embedded in human belief structures. A reflexive relationship is multi-directional when the causes and the effects affect the reflexive agent in a layered or complex sociological relationship. The complexity of this relationship can be furthered when epistemology includes religion.

Organizational effectiveness is a concept organizations use to gauge how effective they are at reaching intended outcomes. Organizational effectiveness is both a powerful and problematic term. It may be used to critically evaluate and improve organizational activities; this is one of its strengths. However, the term has been noted as problematic as it means various things to different individuals. Furthermore, there are alternative methods for measuring organizational performance. Organizational effectiveness embodies the degree to which firms achieve the goals they have decided upon, a question that draws on several different factors. Among those are talent management, leadership development, organization design and structure, design of measurements and scorecards, implementation of change and transformation, deploying smart processes and smart technology to manage the firm's human capital and the formulation of the broader Human Resources agenda.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volunteering</span> Act of freely giving time and labor

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Interrogational torture</span> Use of torture to obtain information in interrogation

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Neo-Marxism is a collection of Marxist schools of thought originating from 20th-century approaches to amend or extend Marxism and Marxist theory, typically by incorporating elements from other intellectual traditions such as critical theory, psychoanalysis, or existentialism. Neo-Marxism comes under the broader framework of the New Left. In a sociological sense, neo-Marxism adds Max Weber's broader understanding of social inequality, such as status and power, to Marxist philosophy.

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References

  1. "Christopher Einolf - NIU - Department of Sociology". Northern Illinois University. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
  2. Menjivar, Cecilia (2001). "The Mercy Factory: Refugees and the American Asylum System". Journal of Refugee Studies. 14 (4): 449–450. doi:10.1093/jrs/14.4.449.
  3. House, Kathryn (2019). "Torture and Lived Religion: Practices of Resistance". Trauma and Lived Religion : Transcending the Ordinary. Springer International Publishing. pp. 15–44. ISBN   978-3-319-91872-3.
  4. Haydu, Jeffrey (2010). "Reversals of fortune: path dependency, problem solving, and temporal cases". Theory and Society. 39 (1): 25–48. doi: 10.1007/s11186-009-9098-0 . S2CID   39420656.
  5. John Cimprich; Mark w. Johnson (2008). "George Thomas: Virginian for the Union (review)". The Journal of Military History. 72 (3): 924–926. doi:10.1353/jmh.0.0031. S2CID   159706906.
  6. George Thomas: Virginian for the Union Luebke, Peter.  The Virginia Quarterly Review; Charlottesville Vol. 84, Iss. 2, (Spring 2008): 262.
  7. Stowe, Christopher S. (2009). "Review of George Thomas: Virginian for the Union. Campaigns and Commanders". The Journal of Southern History. 75 (3): 802–804. ISSN   0022-4642. JSTOR   27779066.
  8. "Rafuse on Einolf, 'George Thomas: Virginian for the Union' | H-CivWar | H-Net". networks.h-net.org. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
  9. Post, ECW Guest (2 September 2021). "The Anti-Lee: George Henry Thomas, Southerner in Blue". Emerging Civil War. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
  10. Smith, J. D. (2008). "George Thomas: Virginian for the Union. By Christopher J. Einolf. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2007. xii, 413 pp. $29.95, ISBN 978-0-8061-3867-1.)". Journal of American History. 95 (3): 854–855. doi:10.2307/27694441. JSTOR   27694441.
  11. Schumacher, Frank (2016). ""The Shadow of Torture: Debating US Transgressions in Military Interventions, 1899-2008 (Book Review)" by Katrin Dauenhauer & "America in the Philippines, 1899-1902. The First Torture Scandal (Book Review)" by Christopher J. Einolf". Canadian Military History. 25 (2). ISSN   1195-8472.
  12. Vestal, Allan (2017). "The First Wartime Water Torture by Americans". Maine Law Review. 69 (1): 1. ISSN   0025-0651.