Green Party of California

Last updated
Green Party of California
FoundedFebruary 4, 1990;34 years ago (1990-02-04) [1]
Membership (2023)97,253 [2]
Ideology Green politics
Political position Left-wing
National affiliation Green Party of the United States
Seats in the US Senate
0 / 2
Seats in the US House
0 / 52
Statewide Executive Offices
0 / 8
Seats in the State Senate
0 / 40
Seats in the State Assembly
0 / 80
Other elected officials23 (February 2024) [3] [4]
Website
www.cagreens.org

The Green Party of California (GPCA) is a California political party. The party is led by a coordinating committee, and decisions are ultimately made by general assemblies. The GPCA is affiliated with the Green Party of the United States (GPUS).

Contents

As of February 10, 2023, there are 97,253 people registered to vote with Green party-preference, 0.44%, the sixth-largest. As of January 2022, there are twenty-nine California Green elected officials, including two elected-mayors and three in municipal councils.

History

On February 4, 1990 Greens gathered at California State University, Sacramento, authored bylaws, founded the GPCA, and started a voter registration drive. [1] The GPCA adopted the leaf-G logo which cartoonist Harry Driggs designed for the Green Party of San Francisco in the 1980s and which represents the letter G of the party name as a leaf. [lower-alpha 1] [5]

Qualifying for elections

On January 2, 1990, a month before foundation, Kent Smith sent notice to the secretary of state that the GPCA intends to qualify for the June 2, 1992 primary elections. [6] At that time, there were 420 people registered to vote with Green preference and, to obtain this qualification, the party needed to have registrations of at least one percent of the vote in the previous gubernatorial general election, [lower-alpha 2] on December 31, 1991, the 154th day before the election. [lower-alpha 3] [7] Following the 1990 election, this amounted to 78,992 people. [8]

For the voter registration drive, the GPCA had two full-time fundraisers and hired Joe Louis Hoffman as full-time organizer. [9] By November 11, 1991, the party had 50,000 people registered with GPCA preference. [10] Late that November, the party received financial support and was able to pay people for obtaining registrations on a per-registration basis. [11] By 1992, the party registered over 100,000 people with GPCA preference and thereby qualified, which it since has done continuously. [12]

GPCA members used the election qualification to run for offices, each facing the none of the above vote option, and all but one advanced to the general. [13] Roger Donaldson ran for state assembly district 53, later decided against it, and sent out a letter urging voters to vote for none of the above instead of him. [14] The party did not have candidates for the presidential, nor the senatorial races. [15]

Party registrations were down to 91,342 people on October 4, 1993. [16] They must have still been at least 78,992 people on January 4, 1994, for the party was qualified for the June 7, 1994 primary elections.

The 1994 gubernatorial general election was the party’s first opportunity to earn qualification through electoral result. If the party had a candidate running for a statewide-elected office that received at least two percent of the vote, the party would maintain qualification until the next gubernatorial primary, that is if registrations stayed at least one fifteenth of one percent (0.067%) of the statewide total. [lower-alpha 3] [17] The GPCA did indeed have a party member, Margaret Garcia, who received 3.8% of the vote in the secretary of state election, 315,079 votes, well over the two percent threshold. [18]

8,900,593 people voted in the 1994 general election, raising the amount of registrations that could qualify a party to 89,006 people. [19] The GPCA did not have this amount on October 24, 1995, to qualify for the March 26, 1996 primary election in this way. [20] Had Garcia not received the total that she did, the GPCA would have lost its qualification.

In 1995, GPCA leaders, including Mike Feinstein, offered Ralph Nader the party’s qualification, which Nader accepted, to become the first person to use the GPCA’s qualification in a presidential election. [21] Margaret Garcia criticized this, saying “How ironic that a party espousing ‘future focus’ and long term planning is using Nader as a quick fix for our dwindling numbers.” [22]

The GPCA finally met the registrations requirement in September 1996, and had 95,080 people registered with Green preference on October 7. [23] The party has met the registration requirements since. The party has also had further electoral results that could maintain the party’s qualification, in every election since first qualifying.

Electoral milestones

Top-two primaries

The GPCA opposed the June 8, 2010 primary election’s Proposition 14, which would remove access to the general elections from political parties, limiting access to the two candidates that received the most votes in a nonpartisan blanket primary, for California offices, i.e. not for the presidential race, nor local races. [25] The proposition passed, faced court challenges, and survived those.

After Proposition 14’s implementation, three election cycles concluded without any Green candidates advancing from “top-two” primaries. Then, the 2018 US House elections saw three Green Party candidates advance to the general elections. Laura Wells ran in the House district CA-13 election, advanced from a six-candidate primary, and received 34,257 votes in the general election, 11.6%. [26] Kenneth Mejia ran in the House district CA-34 election, advanced from a three-candidate primary, and received 41,711 votes in the general election, 27.5%. [27] And Rodolfo Cortes-Barragan ran in the House district CA-40 election, advanced from the primary, and received 27,511 votes in the general election, 22.7%. [28] Each faced off against California Democratic Party (CDP) incumbent opponents in the general elections.

In 2020, Margaret Villa became the fourth Green candidate to advance from a top-two primary when she ran in the California State Assembly District 58 election, and she then received 41,100 votes in the general election, 25.1%. [29]

In 2022, Michael Kerr became the fifth when he ran in the US House of Representatives District CA-10 election, and he then received 52,965 votes in the general election, 21.1%. [30]

Platform

The GPCA espouses green politics and the Ten Key Values of ecological wisdom, grassroots democracy, social justice, nonviolence, decentralization, community-based economics, feminism, respect for diversity, personal and global responsibility, and sustainability. [31]

Organization

The key values of social justice, grassroots democracy, decentralization, respect for diversity, feminism, and personal and global responsibility influence the GPCA’s structure of party membership being inclusive of California residents who are disenfranchised by the state in California or the US, [lower-alpha 4] party decisions being determined by general assemblies, limiting the role of its coordinating committees, entrusting its power to autonomous Green parties, composing coordinating committees through yearly, staggered-term elections of six women and six of any gender, and affiliating with the GPUS. [31] The GPCA elects delegates to the Green National Convention (GNC) proportionally, rejecting the feature of artificial disproportionality resulting from, in examples, the general ticket or district elections. [lower-alpha 5] [32]

The party’s most recent general assembly was held by video teleconference on November 12, 2022. [33] As of January 13, 2023, Laura Wells and David Cobb are the party’s official spokespeople; the party’s treasurer is Justin Richardson; and Jared Laiti is the GPCA liaison to the secretary of state. [34] The GPCA has a reference page of local-Green parties at www.cagreens.org/county-parties .

Membership

Greens Registered on Election Qualification Dates [lower-alpha 6]
ElectionThresholdOn DateRegisteredCitation
1992-06-02 78,992 [8] 1991-12-31over 100,000 [35]
1994-06-07 1994-01-04unknown
1996-03-26 89,006 [19] 1995-10-2479,825 [20]
1998-06-02 1997-12-30unknown
2000-03-07 86,177 [36] 1999-10-05103,227 [lower-alpha 7]
2002-03-05 2001-10-02144,033 [lower-alpha 7]
2004-03-02 77,389 [37] 2003-09-30166,740 [lower-alpha 7]
2006-06-06 2006-01-03145,786 [lower-alpha 7]
2008-02-05 88,991 [38] 2007-09-04138,018 [lower-alpha 7]
2010-06-08 2010-01-05111,395 [lower-alpha 7]
2012-06-05 103,004 [39] 2012-01-03111,319 [lower-alpha 7]
2014-06-03 2013-12-31108,785 [lower-alpha 7]
2016-06-07 81,129 [lower-alpha 8] 2016-01-05102,688 [lower-alpha 7]
2018-06-05 82,752 [lower-alpha 9] 2018-01-0291,631 [lower-alpha 7]
2020-03-03 83,179 [lower-alpha 10] 2019-10-0190,762 [lower-alpha 7]
2022-06-07 89,024 [lower-alpha 11] 2022-01-0489,997 [lower-alpha 7]

As of February 10, 2023, there are 97,253 people registered to vote with GPCA preference, 0.44%, the sixth-largest. [2] The three counties in which the party has the most people registered are Los Angeles (24,829), San Diego (7,911), and Alameda counties (5,611). [40] The counties in which the party has the highest percentages of the county’s registrations are Humboldt (1.68%), Mendocino (1.51%), and Trinity counties (1.03%). [41]

During the 2016 presidential election, GPCA registrations dropped 30%, from nearly 110,000 to 77,868. [42] Party spokesperson Mike Feinstein attributed the drop to outreach from the Sanders campaign, citing mailers sent to Greens. [43] Thousands of California Greens decided to support Sanders’ endeavor for the presidential nomination of the Democratic Party of the United States of America (DPUSA) through voting, which, as there was a semi-closed election, necessitated reregistration either with CDP preference, or with no party preference (NPP), and then, requesting a crossover ballot. Gayle McLaughlin, who had won mayoral election as a Green, reregistered with NPP to vote for Sanders. [44] The Peace and Freedom Party (PFP) saw a similar registration drop-off. [43] The lowest point for the GPCA was around California’s primary elections in June, and by the end of the general election, the GPCA’s registrations rose back to 94,647 people, and the PFP rose back to original levels, also. [45]

Jill Stein 2016 campaign staffer Bruce Dixon hypothesized that Sanders “aims to tie up activist energies and resources till the summer of 2016 when the only remaining choice will be the usual lesser of two evils.” [46] Dixon determined that Sanders was acting as a sheepdog candidate in favor of party politics within certain parties, the DPUSA in this case, [47] despite the parties being opposed to the candidate’s cause, [48] and that dissuades people from politics outside of those parties. [49] These directives result in a lack of parties and electoral wins of candidates that would advance the sheepdog’s stated politics. [50] They also result in captive constituencies [51] that feel compelled to support candidates that they deem the lessers of two evils. [52] Sheepdogs may advocate their strategy before exiting the electoral contest, which could occur because of disqualification, including unsuccessful primary elections, or retraction of candidacy, as was advocated by Sanders before his 2016 disqualification. [53]

Current elected officials

As of January 2022, there are twenty-nine California Green elected officials, including two elected-mayors and three in municipal councils. [54]

Mayoral offices

As of January 2023, two municipalities have Green elected-mayors:

Municipal councils

As of January 16, 2023, three Greens serve on municipal councils:

Election results

Presidential

In the GPCA primary of the 1996 presidential election, Ralph Nader went unopposed. [60] Nader did not receive the Greens/Green Party USA nomination, though, at Green Gathering ’96, delegates from many states stated support for Nader. [61] In the California general election, Nader received 237,016 votes. [62]

In the GPCA primary of the 2000 presidential election, results were affected by California’s blanket primary which the US Supreme Court shortly after ruled unconstitutional in California Democratic Party v. Jones. Ralph Nader received a winning 94.4%, and Joel Kovel, the runner-up, received 5.6%. [63] At the GNC, in the presidential nomination election, Nader received a winning 92.5% of the potential votes, and Jello Biafra and Stephen Gaskin, the runners up, received 3.1% each. [64] In the California general election, Nader received 418,707 votes. [65]

In the GPCA primary of the 2004 presidential election, Peter Camejo received a winning 75.7%, and David Cobb, the runner-up, received 11.5%. [66] At the GNC, in the presidential nomination election, none of the options received majority support in the first round and, then, Camejo was eliminated because he didn’t give written indication that he would accept the nomination. [67] In the second round, Cobb received a winning 53% of the potential votes, and No Nominee, the runner up option, received 40%. [lower-alpha 12] [67] In that vote, the GPCA delegation gave to No Nominee 68.2% of its votes and to Cobb 26.5%. [67] In the California general election, Cobb received 40,771 votes, and Ralph Nader, the party-independent write-in candidate that Camejo was running mate to, received 20,714 votes. [68]

In the GPCA primary of the 2008 presidential election, Ralph Nader received a winning 60.7%, and Cynthia McKinney, the runner-up, received 26.6%. [69] At the GNC, Nader did not seek the GPUS presidential nomination and, in the presidential nomination election, McKinney received a winning 59.59% of the potential votes, and Nader, as runner up, received 14.48%. [lower-alpha 13] [70] In the California general election, McKinney received 38,774 votes, and Nader, on the Peace and Freedom Party (PFP) ballot line, received 108,381 votes. [71]

In the GPCA primary of the 2012 presidential election, Jill Stein received a winning 49.4%, and Roseanne Barr, the runner-up, received 39.8%. [72] At the GNC, in the presidential nomination election, Stein received a winning 66.96% of the potential votes, and Barr, as runner up, received 24.91%. [73] In the California general election, Stein received 85,638 votes, and Barr, on the PFP ballot line, received 53,824 votes. [74]

In the GPCA primary of the 2016 presidential election, Jill Stein received a winning 76.2%, and Darryl Cherney, the runner-up, received 10%. [75] At the GNC, in the presidential nomination election, Stein received a winning 82% of the potential votes, and William Kreml, the runner up, received 6%. [lower-alpha 14] [76] In the California general election, Stein received 278,657 votes, more than tripling her 2012 vote. [77] Stein did the same nationwide, receiving 1,457,218 votes.

In the GPCA primary of the 2020 presidential election, Howie Hawkins received a winning 36.2%, and the runner-up received 22.0%. [78] At the GNC, in the presidential nomination election, Hawkins received a winning 58.82% of the potential votes, and the runner up received 28.57%. [lower-alpha 15] [79] In the California general election, Hawkins received 81,029 votes. [80]

Gubernatorial

ElectionCandidateVotes ReceivedCitation
1994-11-08 No CandidateN/AN/A [18]
1998-11-03 Dan Hamburg 104,1171.24% [81]
2002-11-05 Peter Camejo 393,0365.30% [82]
2003-10-07 Peter Camejo 242,2472.8% [83]
Ivan Hall2,3460.0%
Daniel Watts2,0210.0%
Maurice Walker1,2360.0%
Total247,8502.9%
2006-11-07 Peter Camejo 205,9952.3% [84]
2010-11-02 Laura Wells 129,2241.2% [85]
2014-06-03 Luis J. Rodriguez 66,8721.5% [86]
2018-06-05 Christopher Carlson7,3020.1% [87]
Josh Jones16,1310.2%
Veronika Fimbres620.0%
Total23,4950.3%
2021-09-14 Dan Kapelovitz64,3750.9% [88]
Heather Collins24,2600.3%
Total88,6351.2%
2022-06-07 Luis J. Rodriguez 124,6721.8% [89]
Heather Collins29,6900.4%
Total154,3622.2%

Election qualifying

Election#RaceVotes ReceivedCitation
1994-11-08 1Secretary of state
Margaret Garcia
315,0793.83% [18]
1998-11-03 1Lieutenant gubernatorial
Sara Amir
247,7023.04% [81]
2002-11-05 1Gubernatorial
Peter Camejo
393,0365.30% [82]
2Lieutenant gubernatorial
Donna Warren
307,2544.20%
3Secretary of state
Larry Shoup
282,3403.90%
4Controller
Laura Wells
419,8735.80%
5Treasurer
Jeanne-Marie Rosenmeier
356,0774.90%
6Attorney general
Glen Mowrer
283,1733.90%
7Insurance commissioner
David Sheidlower
277,6673.90%
2006-11-07 1Gubernatorial
Peter Camejo
205,9952.3% [84]
2Lieutenant gubernatorial
Donna Warren
239,1072.8%
3Secretary of state
Forrest Hill
181,3692.2%
4Controller
Laura Wells
260,0473.2%
5Treasurer
Mehul Thakker
201,6702.4%
6Attorney general
Michael Wyman
195,1302.3%
7Insurance commissioner
Larry Cafiero
270,2183.2%
2010-11-02 1Secretary of state
Ann Menasche
286,6943% [85]
2Treasurer
Charles "Kit" Crittenden
231,1602.4%
3Attorney general
Peter Allen
258,8792.7%
4Insurance commissioner
William Balderston
252,3012.6%
2014-06-03 1Lieutenant gubernatorial
Jena Goodman
98,3382.4% [86]
2Secretary of state
David Curtis
121,6183%
3Controller
Laura Wells
231,3525.7%
4Treasurer
Ellen Brown
270,3886.6%
2018-06-05 1Secretary of state
Mike Feinstein
Erik Rydberg
185,4322.80% [87]
2022-06-07 1Gubernatorial
Luis J. Rodriguez
Heather Collins
154,3622.2% [89]
2Secretary of state
Gary Blenner
205,6303.0%
3Controller
Laura Wells
258,0533.8%
4Attorney general
Dan Kapelovitz
219,9123.2%

In 2014, to reform the election code due to the consequences of Proposition 14, the California State Legislature changed the criteria by which a party could qualify for elections. The threshold to qualify based on electoral results is now based on the sum of the votes cast for all of a party’s candidates for a statewide-elected office in the preceding gubernatorial primary election. [17]

For 2022 elections of statewide executive offices, the GPCA, together with the PFP, undertook a cooperative ballot-access strategy in continuation of the Howie Hawkins 2020 presidential campaign’s attempt for “left unity”, consisting of endorsing an inter-party slate. [90] A success, Greens met the threshold in the four races that the slate endorsed Greens. Luis J. Rodriguez was the slate’s gubernatorial candidate, and Heather Collins, another Green, deviated from the slate and also ran in that race, and only together did they receive votes to meet the threshold. Other Greens that deviated from the slate did not meet the threshold. Veronika Fimbres in the insurance commissioner election did not meet the threshold. [89] James “Henk” Conn and Pamela Elizondo in the US senatorial election did not meet the threshold. [91]

Notable members

See also

Notes

  1. Driggs also represented the Es in Green as leaves.
  2. not the gubernatorial race, but the election as a whole, which included other races
  3. 1 2 These criteria were replaced with the passage of Assembly Bill No. 2351.
  4. provided that they affirm the Ten Key Values, and meet other criteria
  5. Betty Traynor, a leader within the party, wrote an article for Green Pages that advocates proportional representation (1999) and referenced Lani Guinier’s book Lift Every Voice, where Guinier wrote “I began to see how, on some level, all districting is gerrymandering, meaning that the lines of voting districts are drawn by politicians to advantage those likely to support a particular viewpoint or to be sympathetic to the overtures of an individual candidate.” (1998, p. 257).
  6. To reform the election code due to the consequences of Proposition 14, the California State Legislature changed the criteria by which a party could qualify for elections in 2014. The threshold to qualify for an election based on registrations is no longer derived from the vote in the preceding gubernatorial election, but rather, it is now 0.33 percent of the total number of voters registered (Gordon 2014).
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 see the secretary of state’s Report of Registration page at www.sos.ca.gov/elections/report-registration
  8. ⌈24,584,491 x 0.33%⌉
  9. ⌈25,076,348 x 0.33%⌉
  10. ⌈25,205,690 x 0.33%⌉
  11. ⌈26,976,858 x 0.33%⌉
  12. Ballot Access News report says that the GP of Florida delegation submitted 24 votes, as in the first round, one being Abstain, and The Green Papers says they submitted 23, and no Abstain vote.
  13. The GPUS miscalculated the totals, giving McKinney one of Nader’s votes. Ballot Access News lumped together the differing No Nominee, None of the Above, and Uncommitted votes as votes for “Uncomm.”
  14. Ballot Access News says Stein and Kreml received 239.5 and 18.25 votes, respectively, out of 292.5, and The Green Papers says they received 233.5 and 18.5, respectively, out of 286.
  15. Ballot Access News lumped together the differing No Nominee, None of the Above, and Uncommitted votes as votes for “no one,” and mistakenly has Moyowasifza-Curry receiving 3 votes from the Texas party, when she in fact received none from that party, though the total sum is correct.

Citations

  1. 1 2 News 10 1990, note the next segment on the Moscow protest that happened on Feb. 4, 1990, see e.g. Remnick 1990.
  2. 1 2 State of California, Secretary of State 2023, pp. 11–12.
  3. "Greens in Office". Green Party of the United States. Retrieved 2024-06-02.
  4. "How many politicians are there in the USA? (Infographic)". PoliEngine. Retrieved 2024-04-06.
  5. Green Party of California n.d.c.
  6. Smith 1990.
  7. Winger 1990; Gordon 2014.
  8. 1 2 State of California, Secretary of State 1990, p. vii.
  9. Winger 1991a; Green Party of California n.d.a.
  10. Winger 1991b.
  11. Winger 1992.
  12. State of California, Secretary of State 1992a, 2022a, pp. 8-2–8-3, and n.d.
  13. State of California, Secretary of State 1992b , p. xxxii; Harvey 1992.
  14. Donaldson 1992.
  15. State of California, Secretary of State 1992b, p. xxv.
  16. State of California, Secretary of State 1993, p. iv.
  17. 1 2 Gordon 2014.
  18. 1 2 3 State of California, Secretary of State 1994, p. xi.
  19. 1 2 State of California, Secretary of State 1994, p. ix.
  20. 1 2 Green Party of California n.d.b.
  21. Harden 1996.
  22. qtd. in Strecker 1996.
  23. State of California, Secretary of State 1996b, p. viii.
  24. Associated Press 1996; Kirkpatrick 1997.
  25. Gonzales, Gomez & Rands 2010.
  26. State of California, Secretary of State 2018a , p. 19; State of California, Secretary of State 2018b , p. 7.
  27. State of California, Secretary of State 2018a , p. 21; State of California, Secretary of State 2018b , p. 8.
  28. State of California, Secretary of State 2018a , p. 21; State of California, Secretary of State 2018b , p. 9.
  29. State of California, Secretary of State 2020b, p. 13.
  30. State of California, Secretary of State 2022c, p. 6.
  31. 1 2 Green Party of California 2022b, art. 2, sec. 3-1, sec. 4-1, sec. 4-2, sec. 4-4, art. 5, subsec. 8-2.1, sec. 11-1; Weintraub 1992.
  32. Green Party of California n.d.f, subsec. 2-2.2.
  33. Green Party of California n.d.e.
  34. Green Party of California n.d.d.
  35. State of California, Secretary of State 1992a.
  36. State of California, Secretary of State 1998, p. ix.
  37. State of California, Secretary of State 2002, p. ix.
  38. State of California, Secretary of State 2006, p. xi.
  39. State of California, Secretary of State 2010, p. 20.
  40. State of California, Secretary of State 2023, pp. 7, 9, and 5, respectively.
  41. State of California, Secretary of State 2023, p. II.
  42. State of California, Secretary of State 2015 , p. 7; State of California, Secretary of State 2016a , p. 7.
  43. 1 2 Harkinson 2016.
  44. Wildermuth 2017.
  45. State of California, Secretary of State 2016c, p. 7.
  46. 2015
  47. Dixon 2015; Hawkins 2015.
  48. Dixon 2015 and 2016; Hawkins 2015; Brana 2019.
  49. Dixon 2015; Marshall 2015; X n.d. , pp. 206–207; Hawkins 2015; Hedges 2015 , 20:00–24:00, 26:00–29:00.
  50. Dixon 2015.
  51. Dixon 2016; Frank 2016.
  52. Dixon 2015 and 2016.
  53. Strauss 2016; Tapper 2016; Linthicum 2016; Nutting 2016.
  54. Green Party of California 2022a.
  55. City of Baldwin Park n.d.
  56. City of Marina n.d.
  57. City of Calipatria n.d.
  58. City of Sebastopol n.d.
  59. City of Susanville n.d.
  60. State of California, Secretary of State 1996a, p. xxv.
  61. Feinstein 2006.
  62. State of California, Secretary of State 1996b, p. xiv.
  63. State of California, Secretary of State 2000a, p. xix.
  64. Green Party of Colorado n.d.
  65. State of California, Secretary of State 2000b, p. xxii.
  66. State of California, Secretary of State 2004a, pp. 48–49.
  67. 1 2 3 Berg-Andersson & Roza n.d.a; Winger 2004.
  68. State of California, Secretary of State 2004b, p. 5.
  69. State of California, Secretary of State 2008a, p. 15.
  70. Green Party of the United States 2008; Winger 2008.
  71. State of California, Secretary of State 2008b, p. 8.
  72. State of California, Secretary of State 2012a, p. 13.
  73. Winger 2012.
  74. State of California, Secretary of State 2012b, p. 7.
  75. State of California, Secretary of State 2016b, p. 13.
  76. Winger 2016; Berg-Andersson & Roza n.d.b.
  77. State of California, Secretary of State 2016d, p. 6.
  78. State of California, Secretary of State 2020a, p. 15.
  79. Winger 2020.
  80. State of California, Secretary of State 2020b, p. 8.
  81. 1 2 State of California, Secretary of State 1998.
  82. 1 2 State of California, Secretary of State 2002, p. xv.
  83. State of California, Secretary of State 2003, pp. xiv–xv.
  84. 1 2 State of California, Secretary of State 2006, p. xix.
  85. 1 2 State of California, Secretary of State 2010, p. 8.
  86. 1 2 State of California, Secretary of State 2014, p. 20.
  87. 1 2 State of California, Secretary of State 2018a, p. 17.
  88. State of California, Secretary of State 2021, p. 11.
  89. 1 2 3 State of California, Secretary of State 2022b, p. 16.
  90. Green Party of California 2021.
  91. State of California, Secretary of State 2022b, p. 17.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peace and Freedom Party</span> American left-wing political party

The Peace and Freedom Party (PFP) is a left-wing political party with ballot status in California. Its first candidates appeared on the 1966 New York ballot. The Peace and Freedom Party of California was organized in early 1967, gathering over 103,000 registrants which qualified its ballot status in January 1968 under the California Secretary of State Report of Registration.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alex Padilla</span> American politician (born 1973)

Alejandro "Alex" Padilla is an American politician serving as the senior United States senator from California, a seat he has held since 2021. A member of the Democratic Party, Padilla served as the 30th secretary of state of California from 2015 to 2021 and was a member of the California State Senate and the Los Angeles City Council.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gloria La Riva</span> American activist and perennial candidate (born 1954)

Gloria Estela La Riva is an American perennial political candidate and communist activist with the Party for Socialism and Liberation (PSL) and the Peace and Freedom Party. She was the PSL's nominee and the Peace and Freedom's nominee in the 2020 presidential election, her tenth consecutive run as either a presidential or vice presidential candidate. She was previously a member of the Workers World Party. She ran as the PSL's and the Peace and Freedom Party's presidential candidate in the 2016 presidential election, with Eugene Puryear and Dennis J. Banks as her running mates respectively. She was the PSL's presidential nominee in the 2008 presidential election. For the 2020 election, Sunil Freeman was her running mate.

California's 4th congressional district is a U.S. congressional district in California. The district is located in the northwestern part of the state, and includes all of Lake County and Napa County, most of Yolo County, and parts of Solano County and Sonoma County. Major cities in the district include Davis, Woodland, Napa, Vacaville, and most of Santa Rosa. The new 4th district is solidly Democratic, and is represented by Mike Thompson.

The Green Party of the United States originated in 1984 when 62 people from the U.S. gathered in St. Paul, Minnesota and founded the first national Green organization - the Committees of Correspondence. The Green Party of the U.S. has gone through several evolutions, from debating theory and praxis in the 1980s, to starting state parties in the 1990s, to the founding of a national political party in the 2000s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">February 2008 California elections</span>

The California state elections, February 2008 were held on February 5, 2008, throughout California. Presidential primaries and a special election for a State Assembly seat were among the contests held. Seven ballot propositions were also decided on.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 Democratic Party presidential primaries</span> Selection of the Democratic Party nominee

From January 3 to June 5, 2012, voters of the Democratic Party chose its nominee for president in the 2012 United States presidential election. President Barack Obama won the Democratic Party nomination by securing more than the required 2,383 delegates on April 3, 2012, after a series of primary elections and caucuses. He was formally nominated by the 2012 Democratic National Convention on September 5, 2012, in Charlotte, North Carolina.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christina Tobin</span> American political activist

Christina Tobin is an American activist and leader in the election reform and voters' rights movements. She is the founder and chair of The Free & Equal Elections Foundation, and president and chief executive officer of Free and Equal, Inc.

This article contains lists of official and potential third party and independent candidates associated with the 2016 United States presidential election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kevin Mullin</span> American politician (born 1970)

Kevin Mullin is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for California's 15th congressional district since 2023. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as a member of the California State Assembly from the 22nd district, which encompasses most of the San Francisco Peninsula region, from 2012 to 2022.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">American Solidarity Party</span> American political party

The American Solidarity Party (ASP) is a Christian democratic political party in the United States. It was founded in 2011 and officially incorporated in 2016. The party has a Solidarity National Committee (SNC) and has numerous active state and local chapters. Peter Sonski is the party's nominee in the 2024 United States presidential election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2016 United States presidential election in California</span>

The 2016 United States presidential election in California was held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016, as part of the 2016 United States presidential election in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. California voters chose electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote, pitting the Republican Party's nominee, businessman Donald Trump, and running mate Indiana Governor Mike Pence against Democratic Party nominee, former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, and her running mate Virginia Senator Tim Kaine. California had 55 electoral votes in the Electoral College, the most of any state.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2008 Green Party presidential primaries</span>

The Green Party of the United States held primaries in several states in 2008. Cynthia McKinney won most of the primaries and was formally nominated as the party's nominee during the 2008 Green National Convention.

The Green Party of Idaho is the state party organization for Idaho of the Green Party of the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2020 Green Party presidential primaries</span> Series of primaries, caucuses and state conventions

The 2020 Green Party presidential primaries were a series of primary elections, caucuses and state conventions in which voters elected delegates to represent a candidate for the Green Party's nominee for President of the United States at the 2020 Green National Convention. The primaries, were held in numerous U.S. states on various dates from early spring into early summer of 2020, and featured elections publicly funded, concurrent with the Democratic Party and Republican Party primaries, and elections privately funded by the Green Party, held non-concurrently with the major party primaries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2020 United States presidential election in California</span>

The 2020 United States presidential election in California was held on Tuesday, November 3, 2020, as part of the 2020 United States presidential election in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. California voters chose electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote, pitting the Republican Party's nominee, incumbent President Donald Trump, and running mate Vice President Mike Pence against Democratic Party nominee, former Vice President Joe Biden, and his running mate Kamala Harris, the junior senator from California. California had, in the 2020 election 55 electoral votes in the Electoral College, the most of any state. California was one of six states where Trump received more percentage of the two-party vote than he did in 2016. This election also marked the first time since 2004 that the Republican candidate won more than one million votes in Los Angeles County, due to increased turnout statewide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Results of the 2020 Republican Party presidential primaries</span> Selection of the Republican Party nominee for President of the United States in 2020

Below is a detailed tally of the results of the 2020 Republican Party presidential primary elections in the United States. In most U.S. states outside New Hampshire, votes for write-in candidates remain untallied.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2004 Libertarian Party presidential primaries</span> United States political event

The 2004 Libertarian Party presidential primaries allowed voters to indicate non-binding preferences for the Libertarian Party's presidential candidate. These differed from the Republican or Democratic presidential primaries and caucuses in that they did not appoint delegates to represent a candidate at the party's convention to select the party's nominee for the United States presidential election. The party's nominee for the 2004 presidential election was chosen directly by registered delegates at the 2004 Libertarian National Convention, which ran from May 28 to 31, 2008. The delegates nominated Michael Badnarik for president and Richard Campagna for vice president.

In the 2024 United States presidential election, different laws and procedures govern whether or not a candidate or political party is entitled to appear on voters' ballots. Since election processes are decentralized by Article I, Section 4, of the United States Constitution, these laws are established and enforced by the states. Additionally, there are often different requirements for primary and general elections, and requirements for primary elections may additionally differ by party.

References

Further reading