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During the Nguyễn dynasty period (1802–1945) of Vietnamese history its Ministry of Education was reformed a number of times,in its first iteration it was called the Học Bộ,which was established during the reign of the Duy Tân Emperor (1907–1916) and took over a number of functions of the LễBộ,one of the Lục Bộ. The Governor-General of French Indochina wished to introduce more education reforms,the Nguyễn court in Huếsent Cao Xuân Dục and Huỳnh Côn,the Thượng thư of the HộBộ,to French Cochinchina to discuss these reforms with the French authorities. After their return the Học Bộ was established in the year Duy Tân 1 (1907) with Cao Xuân Dục being appointed to be its first Thượng thư (minister). Despite nominally being a Nguyễn dynasty institution,actual control over the ministry fell in the hands of the French Council for the Improvement of Indigenous Education in Annam.
References
- 1 2 3 Pham Diem (State and Law Research Institute) (24 February 2011). "Legislation in French-ruled Vietnam". Vietnam Law and Legal Forum magazine, Vietnam News Agency - Your gateway to the law of Vietnam. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Thông tín viên RFA (23 March 2018). "Hương ước - xưa và nay. Hương ước - hay còn gọi là lệ làng, là một giá trị văn hóa, truyền thống, gắn liền với lịch sử dân tộc Việt Nam. Trải qua bao biến cố, Hương ước đến nay vẫn còn được lưu giữ và đóng vai trò trong nền văn hóa và phong tục, tập quán của người Việt" (in Vietnamese). Đài Á Châu Tự Do . Retrieved 22 January 2022.