List of longest rivers of the United States (by main stem)

Last updated

The Mississippi drainage basin includes the Missouri and the Mississippi rivers, the two longest main-stem rivers in the United States, as well as 18 more of the rivers on this list. The Mississippi main stem is highlighted in dark blue. Mississippiriver-new-01.png
The Mississippi drainage basin includes the Missouri and the Mississippi rivers, the two longest main-stem rivers in the United States, as well as 18 more of the rivers on this list. The Mississippi main stem is highlighted in dark blue.

The longest rivers of the United States include 38 that have main stems of at least 500 miles (800 km) long. The main stem is "the primary downstream segment of a river, as contrasted to its tributaries". [1] The United States Geological Survey (USGS) defines a main-stem segment by listing coordinates for its two end points, called the source and the mouth . Some well-known rivers like the Atchafalaya, [2] Willamette, [3] and Susquehanna [4] are not included in this list because their main stems are shorter than 500 miles.

Contents

Seven rivers in this list cross or form international boundaries. Three—the Milk River, the Red River of the North, and the Saint Lawrence River—begin in the United States and flow into Canada; in addition, a segment of the Saint Lawrence River forms the international border between part of the province of Ontario, Canada, and the U.S. state of New York. Of these seven rivers, only the Milk River crosses the international border twice, leaving and then re-entering the United States. [5] Two rivers, the Colorado and the Rio Grande, begin in the United States and flow into or form a border with Mexico. [5] In addition, the drainage basins of the Mississippi and Missouri rivers extend into Canada, [6] [7] and the basin of the Gila River extends into Mexico. [8]

Sources report hydrological quantities with varied precision. Biologist and author Ruth Patrick, describing a table of high-discharge U.S. rivers, wrote that data on discharge, drainage area, and length varied widely among authors whose works she consulted. "It seems," she said, "that the wisest course is to regard data tables such as the present one as showing the general ranks of rivers, and not to place too much importance on minor (10–20%) differences in figures." [9]

Table

The primary source for watershed and discharge data in the table below is Rivers of North America. Conflicting data from other sources, if the difference is greater than 10 percent, is reported in the notes. Discharge refers to the flow at the mouth. [n 1] In the "States, provinces, and image" column, the superscripts "s" and "m" indicate "source" and "mouth". Non-U.S. states appear in italics. Except in the "States, provinces, and image" column, abbreviations are as follows: "km" for "kilometer", "mi" for "mile", "s" for "second", "m" for "meter", and "ft" for "foot".

Key
River is not entirely within the United States.
Watershed is not entirely within the United States.
Longest main-stem rivers of the United States
#NameLengthStates, provinces, and map [5] [11] Source
coordinates
[11]
Mouth [5] Mouth
coordinates
[11]
Watershed
area
[12]
Discharge [12] Photo
1 Missouri River 2,341 mi
3,768 km [13]
Montana s, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri m
Missouri River basin map.png
45°55′39″N111°30′29″W / 45.92750°N 111.50806°W / 45.92750; -111.50806 (Missouri River (source)) [14] Mississippi River 38°48′49″N90°07′11″W / 38.81361°N 90.11972°W / 38.81361; -90.11972 (Missouri River (mouth)) 529,353 mi2
1,371,017 km2 [15]
[n 2]
69,100 ft3/s
1,956 m3/s
[n 3]
Missouri River in 2021 01.jpg
2 Mississippi River 2,340mi
3,766 km [17]
[n 4]
Minnesota s, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Mississippi, Louisiana m
Mississippiriver-new-01.png
47°14′22″N95°12′29″W / 47.23944°N 95.20806°W / 47.23944; -95.20806 (Mississippi River (source)) [18] Gulf of Mexico 29°09′04″N89°15′12″W / 29.15111°N 89.25333°W / 29.15111; -89.25333 (Mississippi River (mouth)) 1,260,000 mi2
3,270,000 km2 [19]
[n 5]
650,000 ft3/s
18,400 m3/s
Lake Itasca Mississippi Source.jpg
3 Yukon River 1,979 mi
3,190 km [6]
[n 6]
British Columbia s, Yukon Territory , Alaska m
Yukon watershed.png
59°35′00″N133°47′00″W / 59.58333°N 133.78333°W / 59.58333; -133.78333 (Yukon River (source)) [20] Bering Sea 62°35′55″N164°48′00″W / 62.59861°N 164.80000°W / 62.59861; -164.80000 (Yukon River (mouth)) [21] 324,000 mi2
839,200 km2 [22]
[n 7]
224,000 ft3/s
6,340 m3/s
Dawson City Lookout Yukon River 3264px.jpg
4 Rio Grande 1,759 mi
2,830 km [23]
[n 8]
Colorado s, New Mexico, Texas m, Chihuahua , Coahuila , Nuevo León , Tamaulipas m
Riogranderivermap.png
37°47′52″N107°32′18″W / 37.79778°N 107.53833°W / 37.79778; -107.53833 (Rio Grande (source)) [25] Gulf of Mexico 25°57′22″N97°08′43″W / 25.95611°N 97.14528°W / 25.95611; -97.14528 (Rio Grande (mouth)) 340,000 mi2
870,000 km2 [26]
[n 9]
1,300 ft3/s
37 m3/s
Rio Grande Creede.jpg
5 Colorado River 1,450 mi
2,330 km [16]
[n 10]
Colorado s, Utah, Arizona, Nevada, California, Sonora m, Baja California m
Colorado River basin map.png
40°28′20″N105°49′34″W / 40.47222°N 105.82611°W / 40.47222; -105.82611 (Colorado River (source)) [29] Gulf of California 31°48′57″N114°48′22″W / 31.81583°N 114.80611°W / 31.81583; -114.80611 (Colorado River (mouth)) [30] 248,000 mi2
642,000 km2 [10]
[n 11]
1,400 ft3/s
40 m3/s
Colorado River edit.jpg
6 Arkansas River 1,443 mi
2,322 km
[n 12]
Colorado s, Kansas, Oklahoma, Arkansas m
Arkansas river basin map.png
39°15′30″N106°20′38″W / 39.25833°N 106.34389°W / 39.25833; -106.34389 (Arkansas River (source)) [32] Mississippi River 33°46′30″N91°04′15″W / 33.77500°N 91.07083°W / 33.77500; -91.07083 (Arkansas River (mouth)) 160,200 mi2
414,910 km2 [33]
35,500 ft3/s
1,004 m3/s
Arkansas River (2020).jpg
7 Columbia River 1,243 mi [6]
2,000 km
[n 13]
British Columbia s, Washington m, Oregon m
Columbiarivermap.png
50°13′00″N115°51′00″W / 50.21667°N 115.85000°W / 50.21667; -115.85000 (Columbia River (source)) [34] Pacific Ocean 46°14′39″N124°03′29″W / 46.24417°N 124.05806°W / 46.24417; -124.05806 (Columbia River (mouth)) [35] 279,548 mi2
724,024 km2 [36]
[n 14]
273,000 ft3/s
7,730 m3/s
ColumbiaRGorgePano.jpg
8 Red River 1,125 mi
1,811 km
[n 15]
Oklahoma s, Texas, Arkansas, Louisiana m
Redrivermap1.jpg
34°34′35″N99°57′54″W / 34.57639°N 99.96500°W / 34.57639; -99.96500 (Red River (source)) [40] Atchafalaya and Mississippi rivers 31°01′10″N91°44′52″W / 31.01944°N 91.74778°W / 31.01944; -91.74778 (Red River (mouth)) 65,590 mi2
169,890 km2 [41]
[n 16]
30,100 ft3/s
852 m3/s
[n 17]
Meander bends and oxbow.png
9 Snake River 1,040 mi
1,674 km [16]
Wyoming s, Idaho, Oregon, Washington m
Snake River watershed map.png
44°07′49″N110°13′10″W / 44.13028°N 110.21944°W / 44.13028; -110.21944 (Snake River (source)) [42] Columbia River 46°11′10″N119°01′43″W / 46.18611°N 119.02861°W / 46.18611; -119.02861 (Snake River (mouth)) 108,000 mi2
281,000 km2 [43]
55,300 ft3/s
1,565 m3/s
Adams The Tetons and the Snake River.jpg
10 Ohio River 979 mi
1,575 km [44]
Pennsylvania s, Ohio, West Virginia, Indiana, Illinois, Kentucky m
Ohiorivermap.png
40°26′34″N80°01′02″W / 40.44278°N 80.01722°W / 40.44278; -80.01722 (Ohio River (source)) [45] Mississippi River 36°59′12″N89°07′50″W / 36.98667°N 89.13056°W / 36.98667; -89.13056 (Ohio River (mouth)) 204,000 mi2
529,000 km2 [46]
308,400 ft3/s
8,733 m3/s
Wheeling West Virginia.jpg
11 Colorado River of Texas 970 mi
1,560 km [47]
Texas s, m
ColoradoTexas Watershed.png
32°40′47″N101°43′51″W / 32.67972°N 101.73083°W / 32.67972; -101.73083 (Colorado River of Texas (source))) [48] Gulf of Mexico 28°35′41″N95°58′59″W / 28.59472°N 95.98306°W / 28.59472; -95.98306 (Colorado River of Texas (mouth)) 39,900 mi2
103,341 km2 [49]
2,600 ft3/s
75 m3/s
Colorado River Borden County Texas 2011.jpg
12 Tennessee River 935 mi
1,504 km [50]
Tennessee s, Alabama, Mississippi, Kentucky m
Tennessee watershed.png
35°57′33″N83°51′01″W / 35.95917°N 83.85028°W / 35.95917; -83.85028 (Tennessee River (source)) [51] Ohio River 37°04′02″N88°33′53″W / 37.06722°N 88.56472°W / 37.06722; -88.56472 (Tennessee River (mouth)) 40,880 mi2
105,870 km2 [52]
71,000 ft3/s
2,000 m3/s
Gallery-gorge-800.jpg
13 Canadian River 906 mi
1,458 km [16]
Colorado s, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma m
Canadian River basin map.png
37°01′11″N105°04′33″W / 37.01972°N 105.07583°W / 37.01972; -105.07583 (Canadian River (source)) [53] Arkansas River 35°27′12″N95°01′58″W / 35.45333°N 95.03278°W / 35.45333; -95.03278 (Canadian River (mouth)) 47,130 mi2
122,070 km2 [54]
6,100 ft3/s
174 m3/s
Canadian River Railroad Bridge Logan New Mexico 2010.jpg
14 Brazos River 860 mi
1,390 km [55]
Texas s, m
Brazos watershed.png
33°16′07″N100°00′37″W / 33.26861°N 100.01028°W / 33.26861; -100.01028 (Brazos River (source)) [56] Gulf of Mexico 28°52′33″N95°22′42″W / 28.87583°N 95.37833°W / 28.87583; -95.37833 (Brazos River (mouth)) 44,620 mi2
115,566 km2 [57]
8,800 ft3/s
249 m3/s
Brazos River railroad bridge Waco TX.jpg
15 Green River 760 mi
1,230 km [58]
Wyoming s, Colorado, Utah m
Greenutrivermap.png
43°09′13″N109°40′18″W / 43.15361°N 109.67167°W / 43.15361; -109.67167 (Green River (source)) [59] Colorado River 38°11′21″N109°53′07″W / 38.18917°N 109.88528°W / 38.18917; -109.88528 (Green River (mouth)) 44,900 mi2
116,200 km2 [60]
6,100 ft3/s
172 m3/s
Green river utah from sky.jpg
16 Pecos River 730 mi
1,175 km [61]
New Mexico s, Texas m
Pecosmap.png
35°58′34″N105°33′29″W / 35.97611°N 105.55806°W / 35.97611; -105.55806 (Pecos River (source)) [62] Rio Grande 29°41′59″N101°22′17″W / 29.69972°N 101.37139°W / 29.69972; -101.37139 (Pecos River (mouth)) 44,000 mi2
113,960 km2 [63]
71 ft3/s
2 m3/s
Pecos River.jpg
17 White River (Arkansas) 720 mi
1,159 km [64]
Arkansas s, m, Missouri
White River AR.png
35°50′20″N93°36′16″W / 35.83889°N 93.60444°W / 35.83889; -93.60444 (White River (source)) [65] Mississippi River 33°57′05″N91°04′53″W / 33.95139°N 91.08139°W / 33.95139; -91.08139 (White River (mouth)) 27,872 mi2
72,189 km2 [66]
34,600 ft3/s
979 m3/s
White River Arkansas-1.jpg
18 James River
[n 18]
710 mi
1,140 km [67]
North Dakota s, South Dakota m
JamesCourseWatershed1.png
47°28′53″N99°51′32″W / 47.48139°N 99.85889°W / 47.48139; -99.85889 (James River (source)) [68] Missouri River 42°52′17″N97°17′26″W / 42.87139°N 97.29056°W / 42.87139; -97.29056 (James River (mouth)) 20,942 mi2
54,240 km2 [69]
854 ft3/s
24.2 m3/s [69]
[n 19]
James River in Jamestown, N.D.jpg
19 Kuskokwim River 702 mi
1,130 km [70]
Alaska s, m
Kuskokwimrivermap.png
63°05′16″N154°38′33″W / 63.08778°N 154.64250°W / 63.08778; -154.64250 (Kuskokwim River (source)) [71] Bering Sea 60°04′59″N162°20′02″W / 60.08306°N 162.33389°W / 60.08306; -162.33389 (Kuskokwim River (mouth)) 48,000 mi2
124,319 km2 [72]
67,000 ft3s
1,900 m3/s
Aniakshore.jpg
20 Cimarron River 698 mi
1,123 km [73]
Oklahoma s, m, Colorado, Kansas
Arkansasbasincimarron.jpg
36°54′24″N102°59′12″W / 36.90667°N 102.98667°W / 36.90667; -102.98667 ("Cimarron River (source)) [74] Arkansas River 36°10′14″N96°16′19″W / 36.17056°N 96.27194°W / 36.17056; -96.27194 (Cimarron River (mouth)) 19,510 mi2
50,540 km2 [75]
1,500 ft3/s
42 m3/s
Cimarron river near forgan ok.jpg
21 Cumberland River 696 mi
1,120 km [76]
Kentucky s, m, Tennessee
Cumberland River Watershed.png
36°50′42″N83°19′26″W / 36.84500°N 83.32389°W / 36.84500; -83.32389 (Cumberland River (source)) [77] Ohio River 37°08′36″N88°24′27″W / 37.14333°N 88.40750°W / 37.14333; -88.40750 (Cumberland River (mouth)) 17,930 mi2
46,430 km2 [78]
30,400 ft3/s

862 m3/s

Cumberland River 2005 05 20.jpeg
22 Yellowstone River 678 mi
1,091 km [79]
Wyoming s, Montana, North Dakota m
YellowstoneRiverMap.jpg
43°59′18″N109°55′45″W / 43.98833°N 109.92917°W / 43.98833; -109.92917 (Yellowstone River (source)) [80] Missouri River 47°58′42″N103°58′56″W / 47.97833°N 103.98222°W / 47.97833; -103.98222 (Yellowstone River (mouth)) 70,400 mi2
182,336 km2 [81]
12,800 ft3/s
362 m3/s
Lower yellowstone falls in ice.jpg
23 North Platte River 665 mi
1,070 km [82]
Colorado s, Wyoming, Nebraska m
North Platte basin map.png
40°38′23″N106°24′19″W / 40.63972°N 106.40528°W / 40.63972; -106.40528 (North Platte River (source)) [83] Platte River 41°06′50″N100°40′33″W / 41.11389°N 100.67583°W / 41.11389; -100.67583 (North Platte River (mouth)) 34,885 mi2
90,352 km2 [82]
770 ft3/s
21.9 m3/s
North Platte River Northgate Canyon Canoers.jpg
24 Milk River 625 mi
1,005 km [6] [n 20]
Alberta , Montana s, m
Milk River watershed.jpg
48°51′20″N113°01′10″W / 48.85556°N 113.01944°W / 48.85556; -113.01944 (Milk River (source)) [85] Missouri River 48°03′26″N106°19′07″W / 48.05722°N 106.31861°W / 48.05722; -106.31861 (Milk River (mouth)) 22,332 mi2
57,839 km2 [86]
[n 21]
670 ft3/s
18.9 m3/s
Milk River Formation.jpg
25 Ouachita River 605 mi
974 km [87]
Arkansas s, Louisiana m
Ouachita watershed.png
31°41′56″N94°19′57″W / 31.69889°N 94.33250°W / 31.69889; -94.33250 (Ouachita River (source)) [88] Black River 31°37′53″N91°48′25″W / 31.63139°N 91.80694°W / 31.63139; -91.80694 (Ouachita River (mouth)) 24,886 mi2
64,454 km2 [89]
29,800 ft3/s
843 m3/s
USACE Columbia Lock Ouachita River.jpg
26 St. Lawrence River 600 mi
965 km [90]
[n 22]
New York s, Ontario s, Quebec m
Grlakes lawrence map.png
44°05′55″N76°23′28″W / 44.09861°N 76.39111°W / 44.09861; -76.39111 (St. Lawrence River (source)) [92] Gulf of St. Lawrence 49°40′00″N64°30′00″W / 49.66667°N 64.50000°W / 49.66667; -64.50000 (Saint Lawrence River (mouth)) [93] 620,000 mi2
1,600,000 km2 [94]
[n 23]
440,000 ft3/s
12,600 m3/s
[n 24]
Saint Lawrence seaway.jpg
27 Gila River 600 mi
960 km [95]
New Mexico s, Arizona m
Gilarivermap.png
33°10′47″N108°12′22″W / 33.17972°N 108.20611°W / 33.17972; -108.20611 (Gila River (source)) [96] Colorado River 32°43′11″N114°33′19″W / 32.71972°N 114.55528°W / 32.71972; -114.55528 (Gila River (mouth)) 57,850 mi2
149,832 km2 [97]
[n 25]
210 ft3/s
6 m3/s
[n 26]
GilaRiverAtUS95.jpg
28 Sheyenne River 591 mi
951 km [98]
North Dakota s, m
Sheyennerivermap.png
47°41′46″N100°29′52″W / 47.69611°N 100.49778°W / 47.69611; -100.49778 (Sheyenne River (source)) [99] Red River of the North 47°01′25″N96°49′31″W / 47.02361°N 96.82528°W / 47.02361; -96.82528 (Sheyenne River (mouth)) 8,800 mi2
23,000 km2
[n 27]
288 ft3/s
8.2 m3/s
[n 28]
Baldhill Dam Sheyenne River.jpg
29 Tanana River 584 mi
940 km
[n 29]
Alaska s, m
AK map Tanana river.svg
63°02′57″N141°51′52″W / 63.04917°N 141.86444°W / 63.04917; -141.86444 (Tanana River (source)) [103] Yukon River 65°09′38″N151°57′37″W / 65.16056°N 151.96028°W / 65.16056; -151.96028 (Tanana River (mouth)) 44,000 mi2
114,000 km2 [104]
41,800 ft3/s
1,185 m3/s
Tanana River 2.jpg
30 Smoky Hill River 576 mi
927 km [98]
Colorado s, Kansas m
Smokyhillrivermap.png
38°57′01″N102°34′49″W / 38.95028°N 102.58028°W / 38.95028; -102.58028 (Smoky Hill River (source)) [105] Kansas River 39°03′36″N96°48′04″W / 39.06000°N 96.80111°W / 39.06000; -96.80111 (Smoky Hill (mouth)) 19,260 mi2
49,900 km2
[n 30]
1,542 ft3/s
43.7 m3/s
[n 31]
Smoky Hill River-0508.jpg
31 Niobrara River 568 mi
914 km [98]
Wyoming s, Nebraska m
Wpdms nasa topo niobrara river.jpg
42°49′15″N104°38′50″W / 42.82083°N 104.64722°W / 42.82083; -104.64722 (Niobrara River (source)) [107] Missouri River 42°45′58″N98°02′50″W / 42.76611°N 98.04722°W / 42.76611; -98.04722 (Niobrara River (mouth)) 12,600 mi2
32,600 km2 [108]
1,700 ft3/s
49 m3/s
A small river flows through a field of grass and yellow flowers. Niobrara headwaters.JPG
A small river flows through a field of grass and yellow flowers.
32 Little Missouri River 560 mi
900 km [109]
Wyoming s, Montana, South Dakota, North Dakota m
Littlemissouririvermap.png
44°32′25″N104°59′57″W / 44.54028°N 104.99917°W / 44.54028; -104.99917 ("Little Missouri River (source)) [110] Missouri River 47°36′38″N102°52′24″W / 47.61056°N 102.87333°W / 47.61056; -102.87333 (Little Missouri River (mouth)) 8,310 mi2
21,500 km2 [111]
[n 32]
450 ft3/s
13 m3/s [111]
[n 33]
Little Missouri River North Unit TR National Park.jpg
33 Sabine River 553 mi
890 km [112]
Texas s, Louisiana m
Wpdms nasa topo sabine river.jpg
32°48′29″N95°55′14″W / 32.80806°N 95.92056°W / 32.80806; -95.92056 (Sabine River (source)) [113] Gulf of Mexico 29°59′08″N93°47′26″W / 29.98556°N 93.79056°W / 29.98556; -93.79056 (Sabine River (mouth)) 9,756 mi2
25,268 km2 [114]
8,400 ft3/s
238 m3/s
Sabine River at Logansport, LA IMG 0950.JPG
34 Red River of the North 550 mi
890 km [115]
[n 34]
North Dakota s, Minnesota s, Manitoba m
Canada Manitoba relief location map.jpg
46°15′52″N96°35′55″W / 46.26444°N 96.59861°W / 46.26444; -96.59861 (Red River of the North (source)) [117] Lake Winnipeg 50°23′47″N96°48′39″W / 50.39639°N 96.81083°W / 50.39639; -96.81083 (Red River (mouth)) [118] 111,000 mi2
287,500 km2 [119]
[n 35]
8,300 ft3/s
236 m3/s
Red River of the North.jpg
35 Des Moines River 525 mi
845 km [120]
Minnesota s, Missouri, Iowa m
Desmoinesrivermap.png
44°05′02″N95°41′17″W / 44.08389°N 95.68806°W / 44.08389; -95.68806 (Des Moines (source)) [121] Mississippi River 41°22′52″N91°25′21″W / 41.38111°N 91.42250°W / 41.38111; -91.42250 (Des Moines River (mouth)) 12,018 mi2
31,127 km2 [122]
6,400 ft3/s
182 m3/s
Des Moines River.jpg
36 White River (Missouri River) 506 mi
815 km [123]
Nebraska s, South Dakota m
White River SD map 1.jpg
42°41′10″N103°50′14″W / 42.68611°N 103.83722°W / 42.68611; -103.83722 (White River (source)) [124] Missouri River 43°42′50″N99°28′01″W / 43.71389°N 99.46694°W / 43.71389; -99.46694 (White River (mouth)) 10,200 mi2
26,418 km2 [125]
570 ft3/s
16 m3/s
White River at US20 DS.JPG
37 Trinity River 506 mi
815 km [126]
Texas s, m
Trinity Watershed.png
32°47′54″N96°53′52″W / 32.79833°N 96.89778°W / 32.79833; -96.89778 (Trinity River (source)) [127] Galveston Bay 29°44′35″N94°42′12″W / 29.74306°N 94.70333°W / 29.74306; -94.70333 (Trinity River (mouth)) 17,970 mi2
46,540 km2 [128]
7,800 ft3/s
222 m3/s
Trinity River.jpg
38 Wabash River 503 mi
810 km [98]
Ohio s, Indiana m, Illinois m
Wabashrivermap.png
40°21′07″N84°45′57″W / 40.35194°N 84.76583°W / 40.35194; -84.76583 (Wabash River (source)) [129] Ohio River 37°47′53″N88°01′38″W / 37.79806°N 88.02722°W / 37.79806; -88.02722 (Wabash River (mouth)) 32,950 mi2
85,340 km2 [130]
1,001 ft3/s
28 m3/s
Wabash River at Lafayette.jpg

Map

Map of North America showing all rivers on this list. Longest Rivers of the US with labels fixed again 2.jpg
Map of North America showing all rivers on this list.

See also

Notes

  1. Dams, diversions for agriculture, and other human alterations to rivers have greatly affected the discharge of some rivers over time. For example, the virgin discharge of the Colorado River is estimated to have been 20,000 ft3/s (566 m3/s) compared to 1,400 ft3/s (~40 m3/s) in 2005. [10]
  2. Of the total, 10,700 mi2 (28,000 km2), about two percent of the basin, is in Canada. [6] [7]
  3. Kammerer: 76,200 ft3/s (2,160 m3/s). [16]
  4. Kammerer: 2,340 mi (3,766 km). [16] The Atlas of Canada: 2,348 mi (3,779 km). [6]
  5. Of the total, 10,700 mi2 (27,800 km2), less than one percent of the basin, is in Canada. [6] [7]
  6. Of this total, 714 mi (1,149 km) are in Canada. This amounts to about 36 percent of the main-stem length. [6]
  7. The Atlas of Canada also lists the total basin size at 324,000 mi2 (839,200 km2), split between 125,000 mi2 (323,800 km2), about 39 percent, in Canada and 199,000 mi2 (515,400 km2), about 61 percent, in the United States. [6]
  8. Kammerer: 1,900 mi (3,100 km). [16] University of Texas (UT): 1,799 mi (2,895 km). [24] The river forms the U.S.–Mexico border for 1.251 mi (2,013 km) (about 70 percent of its main-stem length) from El Paso to the Gulf of Mexico. [24]
  9. Rivers of North America says that of this total only about 170,000 mi2 (450,000 km2) of the basin contribute water to the river. [26] The University of Texas (UT) says, "The river collects rain, snowmelt and spring water from an area [of] about 215,338 mi2 [557,722 km2] including closed basins." [24] It says that 87,020 mi2 (225,380 km2) of the basin (about 48 percent), not counting closed basins, are in Mexico, while 93,821 mi2 (242,994 km2) (about 52 percent) are in the United States. [24] Kammerer cites a total basin size of 336,000 mi2 (870,000 km2). [16]
  10. According to the Utah Division of Water Resources, 75 mi (121 km) of the river are in Mexico. This amounts to about 5 percent of the main-stem length. [27] Of this, 17 mi (27 km) form the border between Mexico and the United States. [28]
  11. The United Nations Environment Programme cites a total basin size of 246,000 mi2 (637,000 km2), split between 2,000 mi2 (5,200 km2) (about 1 percent) in Mexico and 244,000 mi2 (632,000 km2) (about 99 percent) in the United States. [28]
  12. Derived by subtracting the length of the East Fork Arkansas River of roughly 16 mi (26 km) [31] from Kammerer's total of 1,459 mi (2,348 km). [16]
  13. About 498 mi (801 km) are in Canada. [6] This amounts to about 40 percent of the main-stem length.
  14. The Atlas of Canada lists the total watershed at 259,200 mi2 (671,300 km2), split between 39,700 mi2 (102,800 km2) (about 15 percent) in Canada and 219,500 mi2 (568,500 km2) (about 85 percent) in the United States. [6] Kammerer's figure for the total watershed is 265,000 mi2 (690,000 km2). [16]
  15. This is the combined length, 1,360 mi (2,190 km), [37] of the main stem, Prairie Dog Town Fork Red River, and Tierra Blanca Creek minus the lengths of the latter two, 160 mi (260 km) [38] and 75 mi (121 km). [39] Kammerer gives the length as 1,290 mi (2,080 km). [16]
  16. Kammerer: 93,200 mi2. [16]
  17. Kammerer: 56,000 ft3/s (1,600 m3) [16]
  18. Also known as the Dakota River or Jim River and not to be confused with the James River of Virginia.
  19. This is the average discharge for the years 1982–94, derived by adding the discharge for each of these years and dividing by 13.
  20. According to The Canadian Encyclopedia, a 110-mi (170 km) stretch of the river flows through Canada. This amounts to about 18 percent of the main-stem length. [84]
  21. The Atlas of Canada: 23,600 mi2 (61,200 km2) split between 8,300 mi2 (21,600 km2) (about 35 percent) in Canada and 15,300 mi2 (39,600 km2) (about 65 percent) in the United States. [6]
  22. According to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, a 115-mi (185 km) stretch of the river forms part of the U.S.–Canada border. This amounts to about 19 percent of the main-stem length. [91]
  23. Kammerer: 396,000 mi2 (1,030,000 km2). [16] The Atlas of Canada: 519,000 mi2 (1,344,200 km2), of which 324,000 mi2 (839,200 km2) (about 62 percent) is in Canada and 195,000 mi2 (505,000 km2) (about 38 percent) is in the United States. [6]
  24. Kammerer: 348,000 ft3/s (9,900 m3/s). [16]
  25. Of this total, 232 mi2 (600 km2) (about 0.4 percent) are in the Mexican state of Sonora, and the rest is in the United States. [8]
  26. Rivers of North America describes the discharge as less than 210 ft3/s (6 m3/s.
  27. This is the size of the basin upstream of a stream gauge near Kindred and at river mile  67.9 (river kilometer 109.3). [100]
  28. This is the average flow measured by a stream gauge near Kindred and at river mile  67.9 (river kilometer 109.3). [100]
  29. The main-stem length is calculated by subtracting the length of the Nabesna River from Kammerer's total of 659 mi (1,061 km). [16] The Nabesna River is roughly 75 mi (121 km) long, calculated by adding the 60 mi (97 km) from the Nabesna mouth to Camp Creek [101] to the distance, 15 mi (24 km), from Camp Creek to Nabesna Glacier, [102] Kammerer's most remote source for the Tanana.
  30. Reflects only that part of the basin above a stream gauge at river mile  43.3 (river kilometer 69.7) near Enterprise. [106]
  31. Measured by a stream gauge at river mile  43.3 (river kilometer 69.7) near Enterprise. [106]
  32. This is only a close approximation of the entire basin. It does not include a small fraction of the basin below the river gauge, located about 25 mi (40 km) upstream of the river mouth.
  33. This is the average discharge for the years 1990–2010, derived by adding the discharge for each of these years and dividing by 21.
  34. According to the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, 394 mi (634 km) are in the United States. This amounts to about 72 percent of the main-stem length. [116]
  35. Of the total basin, 53,500 mi2 (138,600 km2) (about 48 percent) are in Canada and 57,500 mi2 (148,900 km2) (about 52 percent) are in the United States. [6]

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tanana River</span> River in Alaska, United States

The Tanana River is a 584-mile (940 km) tributary of the Yukon River in the U.S. state of Alaska. According to linguist and anthropologist William Bright, the name is from the Koyukon (Athabaskan) tene no, tenene, literally "trail river".

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">North Fork Clearwater River</span> River in Idaho, United States

The North Fork Clearwater River is a major tributary of the Clearwater River in the U.S. state of Idaho. From its headwaters in the Bitterroot Mountains of eastern Idaho, it flows 135 miles (217 km) westward and is dammed by the Dworshak Dam just above its mouth in north-central Idaho. Draining a rugged watershed of 2,462 square miles (6,380 km2), the river has an average flow of over 5,600 cubic feet per second (160 m3/s), accounting for a third of the discharge from the Clearwater basin. The river drains parts of Clearwater, Shoshone, Latah, and Idaho counties. Most of the watershed is managed by the U.S. Forest Service. Some of the fish of the river include westslope cutthroat trout, rainbow trout, mountain whitefish, and the threatened bull trout. It also has smallmouth bass and a kokanee salmon run, both from Dworshak Reservoir. The North Fork drainage is home to grizzly bears, cougars, deer, moose, black bear, elk, grey wolves, and osprey. The river used to have a large steelhead run before the implementation of Dworshak Dam. The North Fork of the Clearwater is located within the Clearwater National Forest

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bush River (Maryland)</span> River in Maryland, United States

Bush River is a tidal estuary in Harford County, Maryland, located about 15 mi (24 km) northeast of Baltimore. The estuary extends from the community of Riverside, south for about 9 mi (14 km), to the Chesapeake Bay. The watershed area of tidal Bush River is 125 mi2 (320 km2), and includes Aberdeen Proving Ground, a military facility.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">South Fork Bull Run River</span> River in Oregon, United States

The South Fork Bull Run River is a tributary, about 6 miles (9.7 km) long, of the Bull Run River in the U.S. state of Oregon. Part of the system that provides drinking water to the city of Portland, it flows generally west through a protected part of the Mount Hood National Forest in Clackamas County. It joins the Bull Run River at Bull Run Reservoir 2, about 8 miles (13 km) from the larger stream's confluence with the Sandy River.

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Works cited