MS was a series of four Soviet satellites launched [1] in 1962. Two different types of satellite, 1MS and 2MS were used, with two satellites of each type being launched. [2] Three of the satellites were operated successfully, however one of the 1MS satellites was lost in a launch failure. [3] The three that reached orbit received Kosmos designations. [4]
MS satellites were developed by OKB-1, and used for technology demonstration and development. [5] They also carried payloads to investigate radiation and cosmic rays.
| Name | Type | S/N | Launch | Decay | Remarks |
| Kosmos 2 | 1MS | #1 | 6 April 1962 17:15 | 20 August 1963 | |
| Kosmos 3 | 2MS | #1 | 24 April 1962 04:00 | 17 October 1962 | |
| Kosmos 5 | 2MS | #2 | 28 May 1962 03:00 | 2 May 1963 | |
| N/A | 1MS | #2 | 25 October 1962 | 25 October 1962 | Failed to orbit |
Kosmos 1, also known as DS-2 No.1 and occasionally in the West as Sputnik 11 was a technology demonstration and ionospheric research satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1962. It was the first satellite to be designated under the Kosmos system, and the first spacecraft launched as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme to successfully reach orbit.
Kosmos 2, also known as 1MS No.1 and occasionally in the West as Sputnik 12 was a technology demonstration and a scientific research satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1962. It was the second satellite to be designated under the Kosmos system, and the first spacecraft to be launched as part of the MS programme.
Kosmos 3, also known as 2MS No.1 and occasionally in the West as Sputnik 13 was a scientific research and technology demonstration satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1962.
Kosmos 5, also known as 2MS #2 and occasionally in the West as Sputnik 15 was a scientific research and technology demonstration satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1962. It was the fifth satellite to be designated under the Kosmos system, and the third spacecraft to be launched as part of the MS programme, after Kosmos 2 and Kosmos 3. Its primary missions were to develop systems for future satellites, and to record data about artificial radiation around the Earth.
Kosmos 8, also known as DS-K-8 No.1 and occasionally in the West as Sputnik 18 was a technology demonstration satellite which was launched by the Soviet Union in 1962. It was the eighth satellite to be designated under the Kosmos system, and the third spacecraft launched as part of the DS programme to successfully reach orbit, after Kosmos 1 and Kosmos 6. Its primary mission was to demonstrate the technologies of SIGINT for future Soviet military satellites.
Kosmos 70, also known as DS-A1 No.7 was a technology demonstration satellite which was launched by the Soviet Union in 1965 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme. Its primary mission was to demonstrate technologies for future Soviet military satellites. It also conducted radiation experiments.
Kosmos 662, also known as DS-P1-I No.14 was a satellite which was used as a radar target for anti-ballistic missile tests. It was launched by the Soviet Union in 1974 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme.
Kosmos 394, also known as DS-P1-M No.2 is a satellite which was used to demonstrate technology for future satellites which would be used as targets for tests of anti-satellite weapons. It was launched by the Soviet Union in 1971 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme. Following the completion of testing it was intercepted and destroyed by Kosmos 397 on 25 February.
Kosmos 400, also known as DS-P1-M No.3 was a satellite which was used as a target for tests of anti-satellite weapons. It was launched by the Soviet Union in 1971 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme, and used as a target for Kosmos 404, as part of the Istrebitel Sputnikov programme.
Kosmos 459, also known as DS-P1-M No.5 was a satellite which was used as a target for tests of anti-satellite weapons. It was launched by the Soviet Union in 1971 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme, and used as a target for Kosmos 462, as part of the Istrebitel Sputnikov programme.
Kosmos 521, also known as DS-P1-M No.4 is a satellite which was intended for use as a target for tests of anti-satellite weapons. It was launched by the Soviet Union in 1972 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme, and was to have been used as a target for an IS-A interceptor, as part of the Istrebitel Sputnikov programme. A malfunction aboard the satellite rendered it useless, and the interceptor was not launched.
Kosmos 839 was a satellite which was used as a target for tests of anti-satellite weapons. It was launched by the Soviet Union in 1976 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme, and used as a target for Kosmos 843 as part of the Istrebitel Sputnikov programme.
Kosmos 880 was a satellite which was used as a target for tests of anti-satellite weapons. It was launched by the Soviet Union in 1976 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme, and used as a target for Kosmos 886, as part of the Istrebitel Sputnikov programme.
Kosmos 909 was a satellite which was used as a target for tests of anti-satellite weapons. It was launched by the Soviet Union in 1977 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme, and used as a target for Kosmos 910 and Kosmos 918, as part of the Istrebitel Sputnikov programme.
Kosmos 967 is a satellite which was used as a target for tests of anti-satellite weapons. It was launched by the Soviet Union in 1977 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme, and used as a target for Kosmos 970 and Kosmos 1009, as part of the Istrebitel Sputnikov programme.
Kosmos 1241 was a target satellite which was used by the Soviet Union in the 1980s for tests of anti-satellite weapons as part of the Istrebitel Sputnikov programme. It was launched in 1981, and was itself part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme. It was a target for Kosmos 1243 and Kosmos 1258.
Kosmos 97, also known as DS-U2-M No.1, was a Soviet satellite which was launched in 1965 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme. It was a 267 kilograms (589 lb) spacecraft, which was built by the Yuzhnoye Design Bureau, and used to conduct tests involving atomic clocks.
Kosmos 261, also known as DS-U2-GK No.1, was a Soviet satellite which was launched in 1968 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme. It was a 347-kilogram (765 lb) spacecraft, which was built by the Yuzhnoye Design Bureau, and was used to study the density of air in the upper atmosphere, and investigate aurorae. Kosmos 261 set the way for the Intercosmos Program. Hungary, Poland, Romania, Czechoslovakia, DDR and Bulgaria were the six Soviet Bloc countries that collaborated in the experiments on board the satellite.
Kosmos 262, also known as DS-U2-GF No.1, was a Soviet satellite which was launched in 1968 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme. It was a 352-kilogram (776 lb) spacecraft, which was built by the Yuzhnoye Design Bureau, and was used to study the Sun.
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