Orleans, Vermont

Last updated

Orleans, Vermont
USA Vermont location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Orleans, Vermont
Location within the state of Vermont
Coordinates: 44°48′31″N72°12′15″W / 44.80861°N 72.20417°W / 44.80861; -72.20417
CountryUnited States
State Vermont
County Orleans
Area
[1]
  Total0.94 sq mi (2.44 km2)
  Land0.91 sq mi (2.35 km2)
  Water0.03 sq mi (0.08 km2)
Elevation
1,191 ft (363 m)
Population
 (2020)
  Total788
  Density840/sq mi (320/km2)
Time zone UTC−5 (Eastern (EST))
  Summer (DST) UTC−4 (EDT)
ZIP code
05860
Area code 802
FIPS code 50-53575 [2]
GNIS feature ID1458854 [3]

Orleans is a village in the northwestern corner of Barton, Orleans County, Vermont, United States. With a population of 788 at the 2020 census, it is the largest village in the county. [4]

Contents

History

Roger Enos purchased land in 1820 in the area from Ira Allen. He had been given a land grant as a veteran in lieu of pay after the Revolutionary War; he may also have purchased this parcel from Herman Allen. [5] It was named "Barton Landing"; this was the first place where craft could be safely loaded for transportation down the Barton River to Lake Memphremagog. It was at the confluence of the Willoughby and Barton rivers, providing sufficient water for flotation. Native Americans had used this landing for years before the pioneers. [6]

Enos built the first building, a sawmill, at the confluence. Jesse Cook bought this building in 1830 to convert to a textile mill for weaving cloth, part of the northern economy using cotton from the South. In 1839 John Little converted it into a grain mill. [7]

Lovinas Chandler bought this building in 1869 to use as a lumber mill. His son, who founded the E. L. Chandler Company, expanded the business here and in Barton Village in the 1890s. About the turn of the 20th century, Parker Young Company bought this complex of buildings. The 1928 flood ruined these buildings, together with causing other damage throughout the region. [7]

Parker Young sold these properties back to E.L. Chandler. The owners developed the Sweat-Comings Company, the Vermont American Corporation, and finally, the Baumritter Corporation. The latter's furniture division expanded from a payroll of $120,000 in 1954 to $2,500,000 in 1968. Then it was sold to Ethan Allen Manufacturing. [7]

In 1833, the Valley House was built as a restaurant and tavern. In 1875 twenty rooms were added for an inn. The building was destroyed by fire in 1998.

The railroad reached the village in 1859–1860. Railroad accidents were not uncommon. On November 9, 1909, a crew member was killed in a head-on collision between two locomotives, just north of the rail intersection with Main Street. [8] Near the same place, on March 12, 1913, another head-on collision killed one of the crew. [9]

The railroad requested that the village change its name to avoid confusion with Barton Village. [6] The village changed its name to Orleans in 1908 by popular vote, to the name of the county. [10]

In the late 1910s, the Ku Klux Klan was first revived in Atlanta. It gradually expanded into northern and midwestern cities, where anxieties about migration, immigration, and social changes had heightened because of rapid industrialization and movement of peoples. The KKK promoted itself as a fraternal organization, among many that had been started since the late 19th century. In this period, it was primarily opposed to Catholic and Jewish immigrants, but kept some of its racist background. A chapter was started in Orleans. A 1918 photograph shows children at the old Opera House, a number of them dressed in KKK hoods, and others in blackface. [11]

In the late 1970s, as efforts were made to improve water quality and the environment, the federal and state governments stopped the village from dumping raw sewage into the Barton River. Orleans built a new treatment plant, which cost $2.8 million, 90% of which was paid for by state and federal governments. The village disconnected its old storm sewers from the sanitary sewage system. [12]

In 1999, the local Ethan Allen plant employed 600 workers. This dropped substantially in the 21st century, as it moved some manufacturing offshore or to areas with lower labor costs. [13]

Government

Like all Vermont incorporated villages, the government is run directly by the people. Residents conduct the village meeting on the second Tuesday of March. They elect all officers, including those in the Fire Department.

Officers:

Fire department

Fire department officers

Chief – E. J. Rowell. First assistant Chief – Jay Ratté. Second Assistant Chief – Ronald Hoyt

In 2008, the fire department provided service to the village and to the adjacent town of Brownington. [15]

Water and sewage

The village pumps water from the Willoughby River to its high reservoir during off-peak hours. The water is treated with chlorine, fluoride and polyphosphate. Sewage is treated by an anoxic-oxic system. [12]

Billing and fees are quarterly. Households or apartment buildings pay a flat fee of $39 per quarter, plus $2 for 1,000 US gallons (3,800 L; 830 imp gal) of water beyond 5,000 US gallons (19,000 L; 4,200 imp gal). There is a flat fee of $78.12 per dwelling per quarter for sewage. [12]

Education

The village and surrounding area supports a graded school. The effective spending per pupil was $11,770 in 2008. [16] The average in Vermont was $11,548.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.7 square mile (1.8 km2), all land.

The village is at the northwestern corner of the town of Barton. At the edge of the village, the Willoughby River Falls is a 200-foot (61 m) long stretch of river with cascades and a chute. In spring rainbow trout migrate up the river and falls from Lake Memphremagog in order to spawn. [17]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note
1880 378
1890 48227.5%
1900 67740.5%
1910 1,13167.1%
1920 1,35820.1%
1930 1,301−4.2%
1940 1,3322.4%
1950 1,261−5.3%
1960 1,240−1.7%
1970 1,138−8.2%
1980 983−13.6%
1990 806−18.0%
2000 8262.5%
2010 818−1.0%
2020 788−3.7%
U.S. Decennial Census [18]

The village showed a gain in population in 2000, the first since 1940.

As of the census [2] of 2000, there were 826 people, 364 households, and 228 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,204.2 people per square mile (462.2/km2). There were 400 housing units at an average density of 583.1/sq mi (223.8/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 97.82% White, 0.12% African American, 0.36% Native American, 0.48% Asian, and 1.21% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.36% of the population.

There were 364 households, out of which 30.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.3% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.1% were non-families. 33.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.84.

In the village, the age distribution of the population shows 25.2% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 18.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.1 males.

Economy

Personal income

The median income for a household in the village was $26,131, and the median income for a family was $34,583. Males had a median income of $25,789 versus $21,750 for females. The per capita income for the village was $15,318. About 11.6% of families and 12.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.2% of those under age 18 and 12.5% of those age 65 or over.

Industry

Ethan Allen Manufacturing employs about 325 workers locally. [19] [20] In 2005 the plant was valued at $7,048,200 and was sited on 85 acres (340,000 m2). [21]

Media

Christian Ministries owns radio station W243AE which broadcasts out of Orleans on 96.5 FM.

Electricity

Orleans operates its own Electric Department which, aside from serving the village, also provides power to the parts of Barton outside the village, as well as West Brownington and East Irasburg. It has 665 customers. [22] [23] [24] It does not generate power but purchases it in bulk. [25] It maintains the distribution system. 70% of the department's expense is allocated for power purchases. [26]

Culture

Orleans has a library which is open 28 hours a week over four days. It is a non-profit corporation. There is one part-time paid librarian. Other help is volunteer. The library is unique in the county for having an endowment left as an estate which also constructed the building.

Education

The elementary school was recognized as being among the ten "most improved" schools in the state in 2008. It also exceeded state averages in every category on the standardized NECAP test and was the only school in the area to do so. [27]

Transportation

Major routes

The opening of the Interstate north on November 9, 1972, and opening south in 1978 affected the town comparable to the opening of the railway a century earlier. [28]

During the April school vacation since at least 1983, the village has hired school children to clean the village streets for one day as part of a village "spring cleaning." [29]

Bridges

Willoughby Falls Bridge needed replacing in 2007. It will cost $1.6 million. The village must contribute 10% ($160,000). This was the most expensive state project in Orleans County that year. [30]

Local community public and private transportation

Vermont Transit services Orleans. [31]

Railroads

While the Washington County Railroad (The Vermont Railway System) runs through Orleans, it does not service the town.

Notable people

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orleans County, Vermont</span> County in Vermont, United States

Orleans County is a county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Vermont. As of the 2020 census, the population was 27,393. Its shire town is the city of Newport. The county was created in 1792 and organized in 1799. As in the rest of New England, few governmental powers have been granted to the county. The county is an expedient way of grouping and distributing state-controlled governmental services.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brownington, Vermont</span> Town in Vermont, United States

Brownington is a town in Orleans County, Vermont, United States. The population was 1,042 as of the 2020 census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charleston, Vermont</span> Town in Vermont, United States

Charleston is a town in Orleans County, Vermont, United States. The population was 1,021 at the 2020 census. The town contains two unincorporated villages: East Charleston and West Charleston.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Derby, Vermont</span> Town in Vermont, United States

Derby is a town in Orleans County, Vermont, United States. The population was 4,579 at the 2020 census, making it the most populous community in Orleans County. The town contains four unincorporated villages: Beebe Plain, Clyde Pond, Lake Salem, and North Derby, and two incorporated villages: Derby Center and Derby Line.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Glover, Vermont</span> Town in Vermont, United States

Glover is a town in Orleans County, Vermont, in the United States. As of the 2020 census, the town's population was 1,114. It contains two unincorporated villages, Glover and West Glover.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Irasburg, Vermont</span> Town in Vermont, United States

Irasburg is a town in Orleans County, Vermont, United States. Irasburg was established in 1781 when the land was granted to Ira Allen, Roger Enos, Jerusha Enos, Jerusha Enos, Jr., Roger Enos, Jr. and others by the Vermont General Assembly. Ira Allen later obtained the rights of the other proprietors, and he deeded the town to Jerusha Enos, Jr. as a wedding gift.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lowell, Vermont</span> Town in Vermont, United States

Lowell is the westernmost town in Orleans County, Vermont, United States. The population was 887 at the 2020 census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Troy, Vermont</span> Town in Vermont, United States

Troy is a town in Orleans County, Vermont, United States. The population was 1,722 at the 2020 census. Troy contains two villages: the unincorporated village of Troy, and the incorporated village of North Troy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Westmore, Vermont</span> Town in Vermont, United States

Westmore is a town in Orleans County, Vermont, United States. The population was 357 at the 2020 census, making it the least populated and least densely populated town in the county. The town contains one unincorporated village clustered around Lake Willoughby.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Barton (village), Vermont</span> Village in Vermont, United States

Barton is a village located near the center of the town of Barton, in Orleans County, Vermont, United States. The population was 690 at the 2020 census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Barton, Vermont</span> Town in Vermont, United States

Barton is a town in Orleans County, Vermont, United States. The population was 2,872 at the 2020 census. The town includes two incorporated villages, Barton and Orleans. Approximately a quarter of the town's population lives in each of the villages, and approximately half lives outside the villages. Only four other towns in the state contain two incorporated villages.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lake Willoughby</span> Glacial lake (ice age) in Vermont, U.S.

Lake Willoughby is located in the town of Westmore in Orleans County in the Northeast Kingdom of Vermont, United States.

The Orleans Central Supervisory Union is a school district responsible for the education of students in the Vermont towns of Albany, Barton, Brownington, Glover, Irasburg, Orleans, and Westmore. This requires maintaining one elementary school in each of these towns, plus the Lake Region Union High School, in Orleans. The union is headquartered in Orleans.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vermont Route 58</span> State highway in Franklin and Orleans counties in Vermont, US

Vermont Route 58 (VT 58) is a 30.908-mile (49.742 km) east–west state highway in Franklin and Orleans counties in northern Vermont, United States. The western terminus of the route is at VT 118 in Montgomery. The eastern terminus of VT 58 is at VT 5A north of Westmore and Lake Willoughby. In Orleans, VT 58 runs concurrent to U.S. Route 5 for a short distance, interchanging with Interstate 91 (I-91) at exit 26 during that interval. The portion of VT 58 west of VT 100 in Lowell is town-maintained. This section is a dirt road and is closed during the winter months because it goes through Hazens Notch.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Barton River (Vermont)</span> River in Vermont

The Barton River is a tributary of Lake Memphremagog, over 22 miles (35 km) long, in northern Vermont in the United States.

Lake Region Union High School, commonly known as Lake Region, is a secondary school located in Barton, in the U.S. state of Vermont. The school is operated by the Orleans Central Supervisory Union school district.

The Black River is a tributary of Lake Memphremagog, over 30 miles (48 km) long, in northern Vermont in the United States. It is one of the four major rivers in Orleans County. It is the longer but least powerful of the two rivers contained solely within the county. There are no longer any damsites.

The Willoughby River is a tributary of the Barton River, flowing on 18.6 km (11.6 mi), in the Orleans County, Vermont, United States.

The Brownington Branch is a tributary of the Willoughby River, flowing in Orleans County, Vermont, in northern Vermont, in United States.

The Orleans Senate District is one of 16 districts of the Vermont Senate. The current district plan is included in the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2020 U.S. Census, which applies to legislatures elected in 2022, 2024, 2026, 2028, and 2030.

References

  1. "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 7, 2020.
  2. 1 2 "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  3. "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  4. "Census - Geography Profile: Orleans village, Vermont". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved December 26, 2021.
  5. "Vermont Community History: Orleans". www.vhscommunityhistory.org. Retrieved March 21, 2018.
  6. 1 2 Huegenin, Joan (January 2021). "Nothing like it in the world". Proceedings of the Civil War Roundtable: 6.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  7. 1 2 3 "Barton Built Resources Capital". UVM. April 7, 2019. Retrieved April 7, 2019.
  8. "Collision Kills Fireman". Vermont's Northland Journal. 11 (2): 15. May 2012.
  9. Scott, Christopher (May 2012). "Remembering Alvin L. Smith". Vermont's Northland Journal. 11 (2): 11, 13.
  10. "Orleans County, Vermont: History and Information". www.e-referencedesk.com. Archived from the original on September 28, 2011. Retrieved March 21, 2018.
  11. Wheeler, Scott (February 27, 2019). "In the NEK paradigm, all people matter". The Chronicle. Barton, Vermont. pp. 3A.
  12. 1 2 3 Chris Braithwaite (August 27, 2008). "Editorial: The grim arithmetic of village utilities – Part 2". The Chronicle.
  13. Gresser, Joseph (September 15, 2010). "Ethan Allen is hiring again". the Chronicle. Barton, Vermont. pp. 1A.
  14. Creaser, Richard (March 21, 2007). Orleans Village Meeting is brief and orderly. The Chronicle.
  15. Creaser, Richard (January 28, 2009). Water budget calls for higher rates. the Chronicle.
  16. About Your 2008 School Taxes, flyer sent with real estate bills
  17. "Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) home page". Archived from the original on August 29, 2007. Retrieved August 10, 2007./waterq/planning/docs/pl_basin17.assessment_report.pdf[ permanent dead link ] retrieved August 9, 2007
  18. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  19. "Vermont WoodNet - News - Ethan Allen Power Plant". www.vtwoodnet.org. Archived from the original on September 29, 2006. Retrieved May 22, 2022.
  20. The Chronicle, July 1, page 10, Ethan Allen cuts 260 jobs", Joseph Cresser
  21. Reppraisal of the Town of Barton, Vermont, July 6, 2005
  22. Electric Utilities List : Electric : Vermont Department of Public Service Archived February 6, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  23. "Customers" refers to number of hookups, not individuals
  24. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 5, 2007. Retrieved July 4, 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  25. Creaser, Richard (October 24, 2007). Village electric rates will climb 10 percent. the Chronicle.
  26. Creaser, Richard (August 18, 2010). "Orleans looks at joint power plant with Barton". Barton, Vermont: the Chronicle. p. 1.
  27. Braithwaite, Chris (February 4, 2009). Local schools fare well in NECAP tests. The Chronicle.
  28. Young, Darlene (1998). A history of Barton Vermont. Crystal Lake Falls Historical Association.
  29. Creaser, Richard. (April 16, 2008). Students hit the village streets. the Chronicle.
  30. Creaser, Richard (November 14, 2007). The bridges of Orleans County await repair. the Chronicle.
  31. Bus service Archived December 15, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  32. "Heinie Stafford | Society for American Baseball Research". bioproj.sabr.org. Archived from the original on June 7, 2011. Retrieved March 21, 2018.

Bibliography

Commons-logo.svg Media related to Orleans, Vermont at Wikimedia Commons