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The National Council is the lower house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, the upper house being the Council of States. With 200 seats, the National Council is the larger of the two houses.
Same-sex marriage in Switzerland has been legal since 1 July 2022. Legislation to open marriage to same-sex couples passed the Swiss Parliament in December 2020. The law was challenged in a referendum on 26 September 2021 by opponents of same-sex marriage and was approved with the support of 64% of voters and a majority in all 26 cantons. The law went into force on 1 July 2022. A provision of the law permitting same-sex marriages performed abroad to be recognised in Switzerland took effect on 1 January 2022.
Swiss citizenship is the status of being a citizen of Switzerland and it can be obtained by birth or naturalisation.
The General is an office and rank in the armed forces of Switzerland. It is held by the commander-in-chief of the Army in time of war only. Under the Swiss Constitution, he must be elected by the Federal Assembly, assembled as the United Federal Assembly, specifically for the purpose of taking on the war-time responsibilities.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) rights in Switzerland are progressive by European standards. Their history is one of liberalisation at an increasing pace since the 1940s, in parallel to the legal situation in Europe and the Western world more generally. Legislation providing for same-sex marriage, same-sex adoption, and IVF access was accepted by 64% of voters in a referendum on 26 September 2021, and entered into force on 1 July 2022.
An election for all seven members of the Federal Council, the Government of Switzerland, was held on 11 December 2019, following the federal election on 20 October 2019, for the 2020–2024 term.
The 2023 Swiss federal election will be held on 22 October 2023 to elect all members of the National Council and Council of States of Switzerland. It will be followed by elections to the Federal Council, Switzerland's government and collegial presidency, on 13 December.
The Federal Act on Foreign Nationals and Integration (FNIA) (German: Ausländer- und Integrationsgesetz (AIG), French: Loi fédérale sur les étrangers et l’intégration (LEI), Italian: Legge federale sugli stranieri e la loro integrazione (LStrI)), previously known as Foreign Nationals Act (FNA) until 1 January 2019, is a Swiss federal law that regulates the immigration, residence and integration of foreign nationals in Switzerland. It was adopted on 16 December 2005 by the Federal Assembly and came into force on 1 January 2008. It replaces the Federal Act on the Residence and Settlement of Foreigners from 1934.
The Asylum Act (AsylA) (German: Asylgesetz (AsylG), French: Loi sur l’asile (LAsi), Italian: Legge sull’asilo (LAsi)), is a Swiss federal law that governs the country's procedures for granting asylum to refugees. It was adopted on 26 June 1998 by the Federal Assembly and came into force on 1 October 1999. It replaces the previous and first Asylum Act from 1981.
The State Secretariat for Migration (SEM) (German: Staatsekretariat für Migrationen SEM, French: Secrétariat d'État aux migrations, Italian: Segreteria di Stato per le migrazioni) is a Swiss federal authority. As of 2023, it is headed by Federal Councillor Élisabeth Baume-Schneider.
The Administrative Procedure Act (APA) (German: Verwaltungsverfahrensgesetz, VwVG, French: Loi fédérale sur la procédure administrative, PA, Italian: Legge federale sulla procedura amministrativa, PA), is a Swiss federal law that that regulates the procedures followed by Swiss federal administrative authorities when making decisions that affect the rights of individuals. It was adopted on 20 December 1968 by the Federal Assembly and came into force on 1 October 1969.
The Intelligence Service Act (IntelSA) (German: Nachrichtendienstgesetz, NDG, French: Loi fédérale sur le renseignement, LRens, Italian: Legge federale sulle attività informative, LAIn), is a Swiss federal law that defines the powers and scope of the Federal Intelligence Service (FIS), the country's intelligence agency. It was adopted on 25 September 2015 by the Federal Assembly and came into force on 1 September 2017. It replaces the Federal Act on Civilian Intelligence from 2008.
The Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) (German: Behindertengleichstellungsgesetz, BehiG, French: Loi sur l’égalité pour les handicapés, LHand, Italian: Legge sui disabili, LDis), is a Swiss federal law that prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities. It also establishes the Federal Bureau for the Equality of Persons with Disabilities.
The Archiving Act (ArchA) (German: Archivierungsgesetz, BGA, French: Loi fédérale sur l’archivage, LAr, Italian: Legge sull’archiviazione, LAr), is a Swiss federal law that governs the management, preservation, and accessibility of public Swiss federal archives. It was adopted on 26 June 1998 by the Federal Assembly and came into force on 1 October 1999.
The Freedom of Information Act (FoIA) (German: Öffentlichkeitsgesetz, BGÖ, French: Loi sur la transparence, LTrans, Italian: Legge sulla trasparenza, LTras), is a Swiss federal law that guarantees the right of access to information held by federal authorities in Switzerland. It was adopted on 17 December 2004 by the Federal Assembly and came into force on 1 July 2006.
The Political Rights Act (PRA) (German: Bundesgesetz über die politischen Rechte, BPR, French: Loi fédérale sur les droits politiques, LDP, Italian: Legge federale sui diritti politici, LDP), is a Swiss federal law that regulates the exercise of political rights in Switzerland. The law was adopted on 17 December 1976 by the Federal Assembly and came into force on 1 July 1978.
The Publications Act (PublA) (German: Publikationsgesetz, PublG, French: Loi sur les publications officielles, LPubl, Italian: Legge sulle pubblicazioni ufficiali, LPubb), is a Swiss federal law that governs the publication of the compilations of federal law (Official Compilation and Systematic Compilation) and of the Federal Gazette. It was adopted on 18 June 2004 by the Federal Assembly and came into force on 1 January.
The Public Procurement Act (PPA) (German: Bundesgesetz über das öffentliche Beschaffungswesen, BöB, French: Loi fédérale sur les marchés publics, LMP, Italian: Legge federale sugli appalti pubblici, LAPub), is a Swiss federal law that governs the awarding of public contracts by Swiss federal authorities, representing a total market of 80-100 billion CHF per year. It transposes the WTO's Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA) into Swiss law. It was adopted on 21 June 2019 by the Federal Assembly and came into force on 1 January 2021. It is a complete revision of the previous law of 1996.
The Federal Office for Gender Equality (FOGE) (German: Eidgenössische Büro für die Gleichstellung von Frau und Mann, EBG, French: Bureau fédéral de l’égalité entre femmes et hommes, BFEG, Italian: Ufficio federale per l'uguaglianza fra donna e uomo, UFU) is a Swiss federal authority promoting of the equality between men and women in all areas of life, including law, professional life, family, education, politics and society. It is subordinated to the Federal Department of Home Affairs and governed by the Gender Equality Act (GEA).
References
- ↑ "Fedlex". www.fedlex.admin.ch. Retrieved 2023-04-01.
- ↑ "Fedlex". www.fedlex.admin.ch. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
- ↑ "Parlamentsgeschichte". www.parlament.ch. Retrieved 2023-04-01.
- ↑ Loi fédérale sur les rapports entre le Conseil national, le Conseil des Etats et le Conseil fédéral, ainsi que sur la forme de la proumlgation et de la publication des lois et des arrêtés, 22 December 1949
- ↑ "Parlamentsgeschichte". www.parlament.ch. Retrieved 2023-04-01.
- ↑ FF 2001 3298, Initiative parlementaire - Loi sur le Parlement (LParl) - Rapport de la Commission des institutions politiques du Conseil national
