Patrick Hemingway

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Patrick Hemingway
Ernest Hemingway with sons Patrick and Gregory with kittens in Finca Vigia, Cuba.jpg
Hemingway with father Ernest (center), brother Gregory (right) and kittens in Cuba
Born
Patrick Miller Hemingway

(1928-06-28) June 28, 1928 (age 95)
NationalityAmerican
Alma mater Harvard University (B.A., 1950)
Occupation(s)Wildlife management; writer
Spouses
Henrietta Broyles
(m. 1950;died 1963)
Carol Thompson
(m. 1982)
ChildrenMina Hemingway
Parent(s) Ernest Hemingway
Pauline Pfeiffer
Relatives Gregory Hemingway (sibling)
Jack Hemingway (paternal half-brother)

Patrick Miller Hemingway (born June 28, 1928) is an American wildlife manager and writer who is novelist Ernest Hemingway's second son, and the first born to Hemingway's second wife Pauline Pfeiffer. [1] During his childhood he travelled frequently with his parents, and then attended Harvard University, graduated in 1950, and shortly thereafter moved to East Africa where he lived for 25 years. In Tanzania, Patrick was a professional big-game hunter and for over a decade he owned a safari business. [2] In the 1960s he was appointed by the United Nations to the Wildlife Management College in Tanzania as a teacher of conservation and wildlife. In the 1970s he moved to Montana where he managed the intellectual property of his father's estate. He edited his father's unpublished novel about a 1950s safari to Africa and published it with the title True at First Light (1999).

Contents

Personal life

Born in Kansas City, Missouri, [1] he traveled with his parents to Europe in 1929 and again in 1933, to Wyoming and Idaho during his summers, though his permanent residence was in Key West. [3] [4] [5] In 1940, his parents divorced, after which his father married Martha Gellhorn. After their marriage, they moved to Cuba where Patrick visited often. [6] At the beginning of World War II, Patrick helped crew his father's boat, the Pilar, on improvised missions to hunt for German U-boats operating in the Gulf of Mexico. [6] Patrick attended Stanford University for two years, transferred to Harvard and graduated in 1950 with a BA in History and Literature. [3] [7]

Hemingway, Ken Burns's six-hour documentary on Hemingway's life and writing, contains photographs and film footage of Patrick, including interviews with him about his life with his father. [8]

Patrick was married to Henrietta Broyles, with whom he has a daughter, Mina Hemingway (born 1960). [9]

Africa

Having studied agriculture at his mother's plantation in Piggott, Arkansas, Patrick used his inheritance after her death to buy a 2,300-acre (9.3 km2) farm near Dar-es-Salaam. [10] He and his wife moved to Africa, where he lived for 25 years. [5] Patrick lived for much of his life in Tanganyika where he ran a safari expedition company; served as a white hunter to wealthy patrons; and as an honorary game warden in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania. [2] He started his safari business, called Tanganyika Safari Business, near Mount Kilimanjaro in 1955, which he gave up in the early 1960s when his wife was ill. [10] For 12 years he taught conservation of wildlife at the College of African Wildlife Management in Tanzania, as part of his job as forestry officer in the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. The College of African Wildlife Management at Mweka trains armed officers to enforce wildlife protection laws in Sub-Saharan Africa. [3]

His father Ernest died in 1961, [11] and his wife Henrietta died in 1963. [1] When he left Africa he moved to Bozeman, Montana, where he has lived since 1975. [1] [5] He oversees the management of Ernest Hemingway's intellectual property, which includes projects in publishing, electronic media, and movies in the United States and worldwide. [3]

True at First Light

Hemingway edited his father's "Africa book" that was published in 1999 with the title True at First Light . The book is a blend of fact and fiction from the East Africa expedition Ernest and fourth wife Mary went on from late 1953 to early 1954, in part to visit Patrick and his wife. [12] [13] Toward the end of the trip Ernest Hemingway was in two successive plane crashes and was reported dead. [14] He sustained a severe head injury which went largely undiagnosed until he left Africa. [15] Upon his return to Cuba he worked sporadically on True at First Light, but eventually set it aside. [12]

The manuscript was in the John F. Kennedy Library Hemingway Archives, and Patrick edited the 800 pages down to half the size of the original. [12] He had been present with his father during much of the expedition and was familiar with the events of Africa during that year, which he describes in the "Foreword" to True at First Light. [12] [16]

Additional writing

Hemingway contributed an introduction to the 1990 Green Hills of Africa ; the 1991 Valley of Life: Africa's Great Rift; the 2003 Hemingway on Hunting; the 2003 Hemingway on War; and a "foreword" to the 2009 republished edition of his father's A Moveable Feast . [17] For the 2012 special edition of A Farewell to Arms , containing all forty-seven alternative endings, Patrick wrote a personal foreword. His nephew, grandson of Ernest Hemingway, Seán Hemingway, wrote the introduction. [18]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ernest Hemingway</span> American author and journalist (1899–1961)

Ernest Miller Hemingway was an American novelist, short-story writer and journalist. Best known for an economical, understated style that significantly influenced later 20th-century writers, he is often romanticized for his adventurous lifestyle, and outspoken and blunt public image. Most of Hemingway's works were published between the mid-1920s and mid-1950s, including seven novels, six short-story collections and two non-fiction works. His writings have become classics of American literature; he was awarded the 1954 Nobel Prize in Literature, while three of his novels, four short-story collections and three nonfiction works were published posthumously.

<i>A Moveable Feast</i> 1964 memoir by Ernest Hemingway

A Moveable Feast is a 1964 memoir by American author Ernest Hemingway about his years as a struggling expatriate journalist and writer in Paris during the 1920s. It was published posthumously. The book details Hemingway's first marriage to Hadley Richardson and his associations with other cultural figures of the Lost Generation in Interwar France.

<i>The Sun Also Rises</i> 1926 novel by Ernest Hemingway

The Sun Also Rises is the first novel by the American writer Ernest Hemingway. It portrays American and British expatriates who travel along the Camino de Santiago from Paris to the Festival of San Fermín in Pamplona and watch the running of the bulls and the bullfights. An early modernist novel, it received mixed reviews upon publication. Hemingway biographer Jeffrey Meyers writes that it is now "recognized as Hemingway's greatest work" and Hemingway scholar Linda Wagner-Martin calls it his most important novel. The novel was published in the United States in October 1926 by Scribner's. A year later, Jonathan Cape published the novel in London under the title Fiesta. It remains in print.

<i>Green Hills of Africa</i> 1935 book by Ernest Hemingway

Green Hills of Africa is a 1935 work of nonfiction by American writer Ernest Hemingway. Hemingway's second work of nonfiction, Green Hills of Africa is an account of a month on safari he and his wife, Pauline Marie Pfeiffer, took in East Africa during December 1933. Green Hills of Africa is divided into four parts: "Pursuit and Conversation", "Pursuit Remembered", "Pursuit and Failure", and "Pursuit as Happiness", each of which plays a different role in the story.

<i>The Torrents of Spring</i> 1926 novella by Ernest Hemingway

The Torrents of Spring is a novella written by Ernest Hemingway, published in 1926. Subtitled "A Romantic Novel in Honor of the Passing of a Great Race", Hemingway used the work as a spoof of the world of writers. It is Hemingway's first long work and was written as a parody of Sherwood Anderson's Dark Laughter.

<i>The Garden of Eden</i> (novel) 1986 posthumous novel by Ernest Hemingway

The Garden of Eden is the second posthumously released novel of Ernest Hemingway, published in 1986. Hemingway started the novel in 1946 and worked on the manuscript for the next 15 years, during which time he also wrote The Old Man and the Sea, The Dangerous Summer, A Moveable Feast, and Islands in the Stream.

<i>True at First Light</i> Book by Ernest Hemingway

True at First Light is a book by American novelist Ernest Hemingway about his 1953–54 East African safari with his fourth wife Mary, released posthumously in his centennial year in 1999. The book received mostly negative or lukewarm reviews from the popular press and sparked a literary controversy regarding how, and whether, an author's work should be reworked and published after his death. Unlike critics in the popular press, Hemingway scholars generally consider True at First Light to be complex and a worthy addition to his canon of later fiction.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber</span> Short story by Ernest Hemingway set in Africa

"The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber" is a short story by Ernest Hemingway. Set in Africa, it was published in the September 1936 issue of Cosmopolitan magazine concurrently with "The Snows of Kilimanjaro". The story was eventually adapted to the screen as the Zoltan Korda film The Macomber Affair (1947).

<i>The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine Stories</i> Anthology of writings by Ernest Hemingway

The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine Stories is an anthology of writings by Ernest Hemingway published by Scribner's on October 14, 1938. It contains Hemingway's only full-length play, The Fifth Column, and 49 short stories.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hadley Richardson</span> First wife of Ernest Hemingway

Elizabeth Hadley Richardson was the first wife of American author Ernest Hemingway. The two married in 1921 after a courtship of less than a year, and moved to Paris within months of being married. In Paris, Hemingway pursued a writing career, and through him Richardson met other expatriate American and British writers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iceberg theory</span> Writing technique coined by American writer Ernest Hemingway

The iceberg theory or theory of omission is a writing technique coined by American writer Ernest Hemingway. As a young journalist, Hemingway had to focus his newspaper reports on immediate events, with very little context or interpretation. When he became a writer of short stories, he retained this minimalistic style, focusing on surface elements without explicitly discussing underlying themes. Hemingway believed the deeper meaning of a story should not be evident on the surface, but should shine through implicitly.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bror von Blixen-Finecke</span> Swedish baron (1886–1946)

Baron Bror Fredrik von Blixen-Finecke was a Swedish nobleman, writer, and African professional hunter and guide on big-game hunts. He was married to Karen Blixen from 1914 to 1925.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pfeiffer House and Carriage House</span> Historic house in Arkansas, United States

The Hemingway-Pfeiffer House, also known as the Pfeiffer House and Carriage House, is a historic house museum at 10th and Cherry Streets in Piggott, Arkansas. It is where novelist Ernest Hemingway wrote portions of his 1929 novel A Farewell to Arms. Hemingway was married to Pauline Pfeiffer, the daughter of the owners of the house, Paul and Mary Pfeiffer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pauline Pfeiffer</span> American journalist, second wife of Ernest Hemingway

Pauline Marie Pfeiffer was an American journalist and the second wife of writer Ernest Hemingway.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gloria Hemingway</span> American physician (1931–2001)

Gloria Hemingway was an American physician and writer who was the third and youngest child of author Ernest Hemingway. Although she was born a male and lived most of her life publicly as a man, she struggled with her gender identity from a young age. In her 60s, she underwent gender transition surgery, and preferred the name Gloria when possible.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian Camp</span> Short story by Ernest Hemingway

"Indian Camp" is a short story written by Ernest Hemingway. The story was first published in 1924 in Ford Madox Ford's literary magazine Transatlantic Review in Paris and republished by Boni & Liveright in Hemingway's first American volume of short stories In Our Time in 1925. Hemingway's semi-autobiographical character Nick Adams—a child in this story—makes his first appearance in "Indian Camp", told from his point of view.

<i>The Nick Adams Stories</i>

The Nick Adams Stories is a volume of short stories written by Ernest Hemingway published in 1972, a decade after the author's death. In the volume, all the stories featuring Nick Adams, published in various collections during Hemingway's lifetime, are compiled in a single collection. The Nick Adams Stories includes 24 stories and sketches, eight of which were previously unpublished. Some of Hemingway's earliest work, such as "Indian Camp," as well as some of his best known stories, such as "Big Two-Hearted River," are represented.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Doctor and the Doctor's Wife</span> Short story by Ernest Hemingway

"The Doctor and the Doctor's Wife" is a short story by Ernest Hemingway, published in the 1925 New York edition of In Our Time, by Boni & Liveright. The story is the second in the collection to feature Nick Adams, Hemingway's autobiographical alter ego. "The Doctor and the Doctor's Wife" follows "Indian Camp" in the collection, includes elements of the same style and themes, yet is written in counterpoint to the first story.

Philip Hope Percival (1886–1966) was an English-born renowned white hunter and early safari guide in colonial Kenya. During his career, he guided Theodore Roosevelt, Baron Rothschild, and Ernest Hemingway on African hunts. Hemingway modelled the fictional hunter Robert Wilson in his story "The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber" after Percival. Percival also worked with well-known white hunters like Bror von Blixen-Finecke and mentored Sydney Downey and Harry Selby, and was known in African hunting circles as the "Dean of Hunters".

Hans CoryOBE was a self-taught British social anthropologist of Austrian descent, farmer and sociologist with a special interest in traditional lifestyles of ethnic groups in former Tanganyika, now Tanzania. Little is known about his childhood and youth in Vienna as well as about his life before the First World War in colonial German East Africa.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Oliver p.148
  2. 1 2 Patrick Hemingway Papers Archived 2010-07-11 at the Wayback Machine Princeton University Library. Retrieved 2010-02-09
  3. 1 2 3 4 "About Patrick Hemingway". The Hemingway Review. 19 (1): 6. 1999.
  4. Mellow pp. 385–427
  5. 1 2 3 Hemingway on Hemingway Idaho Mountain Express. Retrieved 2010-02-09
  6. 1 2 Mellow p. 523
  7. Meyers p. 497
  8. Cain, Brooke (April 5, 2021). "What to Watch on Monday: The start of Ken Burns' 'Hemingway' documentary". newsobserver.com. Retrieved April 8, 2021.
  9. Torralbas, Kathy (2 December 2006). "Hemingway's granddaughter's bookstore serves niche market in Naples". Naples Daily News.
  10. 1 2 Meyers p. 498
  11. Oliver p.141
  12. 1 2 3 4 Ralph Blumenthal (August 24, 1998). "A New Book by Hemingway". The New York Times.
  13. Mellow p. 583
  14. Mellow p. 586
  15. Mellow p. 588
  16. Hemingway, Ernest (1999). Patrick Hemingway (ed.). True at First Light. New York: Scribner. ISBN   0-7432-4176-2.
  17. "The Library of Congress Title List". The Library of Congress. Retrieved 9 February 2010.
  18. Bosman, Julie (4 July 2012). "The New York Times". To Use and Use not. Retrieved 5 September 2013.

Sources