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Provisional Government Junta Junta Provisional Gubernativa | |
---|---|
First Mexican Empire | |
Type | |
Type | |
History | |
Founded | 28 September 1821 |
Disbanded | 24 February 1822 |
Succeeded by | Constituent Congress |
Leadership | |
President | Agustín de Iturbide (1821) |
Seats | 38 |
Meeting place | |
Mexico City |
The Provisional Governing Junta was the first governing body of independent Mexico that administered the country from 28 September 1821, until 24 February 1822, [1] when the First Mexican Congress was installed.
The Provisional Government Junta originated in virtue of two articles in the Plan of Iguala which established an independent Mexican state.
- Article VI.A Junta composed of the first men of the Empire for its virtues, for its destinies, for its fortunes, representation and concept, will be appointed immediately according to the spirit of the Plan of Iguala, from those who are designated by the general opinion, whose number is quite considerable for the meeting of lights to ensure the success in their determinations, which will be emanations from the authority and faculties granted to them by the following articles.
- Article VII.The Junta referred to in the previous article will be called Provisional Governing Junta.
The Junta first met on the morning of 28 September 1821, being joined by former viceroy O'Donoju. Iturbide laid out an agenda, and pledged his loyalty and that of the army to obey the Junta's directions. The members of the junta then proceeded to the National Cathedral, each swore an oath to uphold the Plan of Iguala and the Treaty of Cordoba. In the afternoon, an official declaration of independence was issued, and a regency was formed to serve as the executive. [2]
Agustín de Iturbide, full name Agustín Cosme Damián de Iturbide y Arámburu and also known as Agustín of Mexico, was a general in the Mexican army then a politician, becoming Emperor during the First Mexican Empire. During the country's war of independence, he built a successful political and military coalition that took control in Mexico City on 27 September 1821, decisively gaining independence for Mexico. After securing the secession of Mexico from Spain, Iturbide was proclaimed president of the Regency in 1821; a year later, he was proclaimed Emperor, reigning from 19 May 1822 to 19 March 1823. In May 1823 he went into exile in Europe. When he returned to Mexico in July 1824, he was arrested and executed. He designed the Mexican flag.
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The Plan of Iguala, also known as The Plan of the Three Guarantees or Act of Independence of North America, was a revolutionary proclamation promulgated on 24 February 1821, in the final stage of the Mexican War of Independence from Spain. The Plan stated that Mexico was to become a constitutional monarchy, whose sole official religion would be Roman Catholicism, in which the Peninsulares and Creoles of Mexico would enjoy equal political and social rights. It took its name from the city of Iguala in the modern-day state of Guerrero.
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