Quaqua

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Quaqua
Quaqua mammillaris - Prince Albert.jpg
Quaqua mammillaris (the "aroena"), a widespread and common species from the south-western Cape.
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Subfamily: Asclepiadoideae
Tribe: Ceropegieae
Genus: Quaqua
N.E.Br.

The genus Quaqua falls within the tribe of plants known collectively as stapeliads . All stapeliads, including Quaqua, are Old World stem succulents. [1]

Contents

Species of the genus Quaqua are exceptionally varied and endemic to southwestern Africa, and locally very common in Namaqualand.

Description

Species of Quaqua are usually characterised by having stout, firm, 4 or 5-sided stems bearing conical tubercles which often have a tough, tapering spike at their ends. A few species lack the spikes or have smoothly rounded tubercles. [1]

Quaqua flowers are distinctive from those of other southern African stapeliads for their numerous inflorescences emerging from each stem, especially closer to the ends. There are often ten along each stem, vertically arranged in distichous series. The flowers of some species are sweet smelling (faintly of honey or lemon), attractive and rather small (between 7 and 15 mm in diameter). The flowers of other species however, are larger, reaching a maximum diameter of 27 mm and are dark, papillate, and usually have a repulsive odor of urine or excrement. These species are pollinated by flies. [1]

Distribution

In distribution, the genus Quaqua is restricted to the western (winter-rainfall) region of South Africa & Namibia. Its distribution closely mirrors that of related genus Tromotriche .

Species

Plants of the World Online as of As of January 2023 recognizes the following species: [2]

ImageScientific nameDistribution
Quaqua acutiloba (N.E.Br.) BruynsSouth Africa and Namibia.
Quaqua albersii PlowesSouth Africa (Vredendal)
Quaqua arenicola (N.E.Br.) PlowesSouth Africa (Cape Province)
Quaqua arida (Masson) PlowesSouth Africa (Cape Province)
Quaqua armata (N.E.Br.) BruynsSouth Africa (Cape Province)
Quaqua aurea (C.A.Lückh.) PlowesSouth Africa (Cape Province)
Quaqua bayeriana (Bruyns) PlowesSouth Africa (Cape Province)
Quaqua cincta (C.A.Lückh.) BruynsSouth Africa (Cape Province)
Quaqua framesii (Pillans) BruynsSouth Africa (Cape Province)
Quaqua incarnata (L.f.) BruynsSouth Africa and Namibia.
Quaqua inversa (N.E.Br.) BruynsSouth Africa (Cape Province)
Quaqua linearis (N.E.Br.) BruynsSouth Africa (Cape Province)
Quaqua mammillaris (Apocynaceae Asclepiadoideae) (28386411287).jpg Quaqua mammillaris (L.) BruynsSouth Africa and Namibia.
Quaqua multiflora (R.A.Dyer) BruynsSouth Africa (Cape Province)
Quaqua pallens BruynsSouth Africa (Cape Province)
Quaqua parviflora (Masson) BruynsSouth Africa (Cape Province)
Quaqua pillansii - rooinek western cape.jpg Quaqua pillansii (N.E.Br.) BruynsSouth Africa (Cape Province)
Quaqua pruinosa (Masson) BruynsSouth Africa (Cape Province)
Quaqua pulchra (Bruyns) PlowesSouth Africa (Cape Province)
Quaqua ramosa - E Barrydale.jpg Quaqua ramosa (Masson) BruynsSouth Africa (Cape Province)

The species of this genus can be divided into two main groups, based on their floral structure: One group bears flowers singly or in pairs; the other bears flowers in clusters of between 4 and 20. The species of the second grouping can in turn be divided into two sections: One with purple to dark-brown flowers that are wider than 25mm (e.g. Quaqua mammillaris or Quaqua pillansii ); the other with yellow to cream flowers that are narrower than 25mm. [3]

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References

  1. 1 2 3 P.V. Bruyns (2002). "The South African genera of the stapeliads" (PDF). Aloe. 39. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 21, 2007. Retrieved August 18, 2009.
  2. "Quaqua N.E.Br. - Plants of the World Online". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2023-01-05.
  3. P.V.Bruyns (1983). Bradleya 1:63.